x)]l\\
run. A similar attitude is also embedded in sentences like “climate talksNE_ +wzU
collapse: rejoice, rejoice!”, “And then, thank God, it all collapsed.” and “weMS ckuZL.
are better off with a clean slate than a weak precedent.”pw ye[K(7
(2) First, the targets decided on the conference are too measly, more than tenMfN3$ 'XVC
times less than we need to stabilize the problem. Even if the conference had beenPD5 P
a success, the crisis would still not be able to be diverted. Second, once theU)= !RE&
agreement had been made, politicians would stop wasting their time on climatera ~q
problems for some time, giving the public a false impression that something wasJm4 eliXQ:
being done. What’s more, some developed countries would frequently use “flexiblet'J\ \\
mechanisms” to delude. So the author thought the collapse was for the best.\\P.r 6
(3) According to the text, the real solution to the climate crisis is to adapt{Ah@$\\ Pr
economics. For example, unnecessary dependence on the global economy should beafLp gGLN_
shifted towards dependence on the local economy, and infrastructure should beh9n* Y@
established to free us from dependence on fossil fuels, and wind power should be|;qOC3 ?\
better exploited to avoid more pollution.SaAH s2t
(4) The author thought this claim was ridiculous. He thought if we did not takeZavh aqp8
action, the cost would be much more. So, according to him, it was worthwhile forp-)gKu _t\\'S
us to take action to combat climate crisis compared with the loss caused by8i:E< m|!xb
natural disasters.+MO ~WLB)
(5) The author considered this as a waste, because the chance for the occurrenceILpL/; H
of an attack from a nuclear state is slim. To waste money on something unlikely tow93b, ;a
happen is automatically unwise. He thought it would be better to spend the same[X+
MIT
sum on the prevention of the deterioration of climate, which has a greater,xRr IJG
possibility to happen.&% |
2. VocabularyIB{\ Eeb
(1) splashed(2) comply(3) offset(4) concessions(5) pledged(6) prohibitive(7)^5hC $n3W
Astoundingly(8) undermined(9) deluded(10) tumbled3. Paraphrasev=C 3
(1) After many years of warning from people who are concerned about the protectionf)x\ of environment, groups of influential people in science and politics in most`( ^ countries had finally began to realize and understand.i 3I ;U (2) The analysis of the IPCC scientists was repeated by a number of other}ivh tWA scientific groups, and even by the British and American government.lda=B [6- (3) Actually, we might be wiser to keep a clean record than a weak climate+ ; agreement made earlier. In another words, we might be wiser not to have any if weElX FPFUG can only achieve a climate agreement which is not so binding.erO}D gf (4) Without changing our economics, we will just be saving the separate leaves onQp )< a dying tree. That is to say, without changing our economics, the action taken by/U5d!a m&nRCe us will be just superficial, not enough to divert the worsening situation.B I'od (5) Our government, similar to its predecessors, sticks to the belief that37G& 5YHz:< increased global trade is naturally beneficial.@Vi.T {:eXL (6) This has not only weakened the local economies gradually, but has also led to]!H9* T$ the situation where each mouthful of food involves the consumption of gallons ofi /KiE fuel. :Z:,| 9r':0c (7) Surprisingly, some people still declare that climate change is somethinggH`Kp _P%k;d imaginary and impossible—and that, even if it is not imaginary, the costs of\\ \ changing the situation will prevent us from taking action.=E?je4 fmS (8) There is no negative side in the action to prevent climate change. Xx, [_FdLi 4. ClozeFEv1] 1:4& (1) committing(2) combat(3) issued(4) reduce(5) withdrawal(6) ratified(7)3 S] accounted(8) emissions(9) participation(10) implemented[](11) reached(12)nI WMqss proceed(13) secure(14) concessions(15) original(16) option(17) pressure(18)Z8 l;y; unanimous(19) revised(20) greenhouse5. Translation}_?Dxz Y A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.= w (1) 并非所有地区的气候都会经历同样的气候变暧的情况，有些地区会变得更干更热，然而另. ' 外一些地区则会遭遇较冷的天气。全球气候变暖可能产生的预期结果包括极地冰盖融化，海洋I;Tnls wVz :N 沿线被淹没，剧烈的暴风雨，降雨模式的改变,以及现有生态平衡的广泛变化等等。根据目前) a/Gg_ 的模式,据估计在下个世纪中全球海平面将上升15~95厘米。这足以把世界上三分之一人口的家UJk 7R 2U 园淹没。由于像蚊子一样传播疾病的昆虫的栖息地的扩大，传染性疾病也将变得越来越多，许V\\Id;L $2r 多物种或许将不能适应如此剧烈的气候变化而最终灭绝。Y~,6 7F*`W (2) 但是，一切都考虑进去了之后，那个长期的真正能够解决环境危机的方法却被所有的领导ilj^ 7 人忽视了。倘若不去调整我们的经济，我们将只能是绿化垂死的树上的个别叶子。我们的政府gU} 9V_ ，和它的前任们一样，坚持认为持续增长的全球贸易理所当然是一件好事情。因此，政府给予ax !./; 了无数直接或间接的资助。这些资助只能使那些生产远距离出口商品的大公司获益。-CzA 2v B. Translate the following sentences into English.6tS xHt (1) As to the climate crisis, we are better off with a clean slate than a weak` +fm9 proposal. Because once the proposal is made, politicians will close the climate+JyK4Q Q*8B*& chapter for some time.Yi9V< vO?4A (2) She’s cottoned on that her constant stomachache was caused by eating the\\o n-|u$g smoked meat on offer last week at the local market.|\\![^ n (3) That superstar descended on a small costal town, which was splashed acrossL(Yk V the front page of the local newspaper.vJ 9/XDz@ (4) His last?ditch effort to win a place in the business world collapsed, whichg(?( Ia seemed frustrating. But it was also for the best. From the failure, he could learn$,*# .Q` a lot.dZp^WT s{ (5) Parents lavish their love and care on their children. However, when theys&9P9 9gd*si become old, some of them are condemned to live alone.4) UbRR (6) The present political leaders of our country, in line with his predecessors,8i$Y^ Ye were wedded to the belief that we should not retreat in the action againstI>iu s corruption.c-,D6 D0Q'{ (7) The school dropouts in poverty?stricken areas came back to school byf ~*ao'Z courtesy of the subsidies from government and donations from the kind people.Rc$M{ C (8) Under the effective organization of the local government, the damage caused byw[m1JR R the flood has been watered down to the minimum.Op4 *p^ (9) Superpowers forge ahead in economic development, leaving other countries farw u=nhj behind. But it doesn’t necessarily follow that they have the final say in0Zf+m< hX everything.I -b ~fV Text BHot Stuff#/s P vFnVGY Key to the exercisesziOg c 1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. F7. T8. T9. F10. T3V 第三单元SqS x\\@h Text A How Progress Makes Us Sicke.^z Y<8$ Key to the exercises(2JX6\ G 1. Reading comprehension $n9lP Q* (1) In Belgium and the Netherlands, the avian flu was wiping out entire chicken farms. And even though Dutch farmers recently slaughtered 18 million birds in hopes of stopping the outbreak, the bird flu has spread to several provinces and jumped from poultry to pigs and even people, causing 83 human cases. The complaints of most infected people were eye inflammation and some developed respiratory illness.%}V#MV [9W; (2) They didn’t think so because smallpox was largely defeated and AIDS had never been heard nor dreamed of; and at that time medical science was advancing very fast.^*U F]. (3) The ocean disturbance caused an unusually warm winter in the Southeast of America, which gave rise to an explosion of the mouse population that gave a free ride to the hantavirus to be bad enough to infect human beings.qE!4 A-jSYh (4) In the 1980s, when the farmers in Venezuela cleared millions of acres of forest to create cropland, the arrival of more and more rodents introduced a deadly new virus—Guanarito virus — into the region. It caused fever, shock and hemorrhaging, infecting more than 100 people and leaving a third of them dead. The lesson we should learn is that almost any activity that disrupts a natural environment can enhance the mobility of disease—causing microbes.M~Pj [)j9,H (5) A similar experience happened to Malaysian farmers in 1999 after they pushed back the forest to expand their operations. As barns replaced forestland, displaced fruit bats started living in the rafters, contaminating the pigs’ drinking water with the Nipah virus. The pigs developed an explosive cough that became known as the one?mile cough because it could be heard from so far away. The virus soon spread from the pigs to their keepers, causing extreme brain 第一单元_E/Xk! Text A Tax Competition Spurs Globalizatione Key to the exercisesM@ (1) The economic forces behind globalization include rising trade and investmentCRv flows, greater labor mobility, and rapid transfers of technology. Those trendsuls have been stimulated by the deregulation of financial markets, reductions in trade#f5ap barriers, and lower communication costs._>(: (2) Most economists support globalization because it raises the incomes of people (3) It shows that some smart nations like Ireland are treating international tax?oQ competition as an opportunity, not a threat.?qLS[h (4) First, high?tax countries have urged international organizations to reduceD.ip7B tax competition. Second, many nations are adding layers of complex rules onWw.H NxmyNm businesses to discourage them from investing abroad, rather than reducing tax7 burdens so that businesses want to invest at home.`k (5) Because there are more opportunities and lower taxes in cities such as+> vicb London.@g:!V ')blPX (6) The author cites the case of Ireland to show that with the reduction of taxes,G>N& yB a large number of immigrants are attracted, and people at home are unwilling top: %0_X= migrate out. The lower one country’s tax is, the more skilled people arewin%4W [- attracted.z 1'+ (7) Because market competition encourages production efficiency. Tax competition8 zv provides an incentive to improve government efficiency. For example, the FederalUIM74@ f$}?}k government is no longer a monopoly—Americans now are able to invest abroad,rb eR!, retire in a low?tax Caribbean country, or move their business to low?taxc:7 $ v\\H Ireland. Accordingly, the Federal government needs to reform the tax code andep n?qF.k provide services more efficiently to encourage Americans and their money to staylHq E_Ea@ at home.MC ` (8) Tax competition among countries should be a win?win policy, as it restrains}urWS} vx3 governments and helps spur global economic growth.2. VocabularyT |a:H (1) d(2) g(3) k(4) i(5) b(6) m(7) c(8) f(9) n(10) a3. ParaphraseEqz @I[g5u (1) Until now, basic economic forces have gone beyond political efforts to makeE7 82|Fd this trend slow. Efforts to oppose economic globalization have extended from anti_+q.{ }%3 ?globalization protests to Congressional law?making to prevent American< S$ companies from building subsidiary business in foreign countries.Y{6 ]A^ (2) Some nations are treating tax competition as a useless and disadvantageous] M?a^n{ thing. High?tax countries have urged international organizations, such as the)=%` vVjZvb organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), to ease tax%+9yo t! competition.Fy5MG{ Chq (3) And many nations are formulating a series of complex rules on businesses so asI=7scC xp$ to try to keep them from investing abroad, instead of reducing tax burdens so thatP_0N :[ businesses are willing to invest at home.%]3 !\ (4) The U.S. is divided into this group because it has one of the highest3* i~O corporate tax rates. Nevertheless, America continues to put off reforming taxH\ t~$Ybo policies, which is expected for a long time.[b9( T'DKY (5) International investors have been affected easily by changes and differencesTDd O/`tOt between national tax rates as their investment choices have increased.bl`bU _W (6) Another noticeable issue is that many businesses used to invest in foreignX8T]X. h- country only want to take the opportunity for fixed resources, such as oilC6i7S v deposits. Today, many industries-such as finance and services-are free to invest90 k@8C<\\ and can set up new firms anywhere.&//sIY ~5 (7) For example, in recent year Canadian policymakers have to consider ang T/J important issue that a group of skilled and talented people from technologyI:N, t*- industries in Canada have emigrate to its lower?tax southern neighbor, the U.S.oLV~kj _y (8) For many years, young Irish people went to America and other foreign ( countries, and tried to find a way to live a better life. But after Irelandkj?W @Rp reduced individual tax and then quickly cut corporate tax, the pattern of6WK WpW out?migration was changed around completely in this country.H\\Mbe9 r (9) To keep the skilled labor from leaving their own country to other countries,C[ 2 governments had to direct spending and tax levels to satisfy local residents. InDm Dv which country Individuals chose to reside according to their demand for publicu%P $mj goods relative to local tax levels.!0| MB1O;m (10) If the U.S. makes progress in tax reform, other nations would probably reform6NC/ yHQ*\\+ their taxes in the same way, as they did when the U.S. reduced rates in the:7 8>u,3& 1980s.sKg9_ W$Zf= 4. ClozeC`e8> }=~J (1) and(2) understand(3) about(4) sides(5) what(6) bad(7) nor(8) properly(9)(-p& 7o0M#- destroy(10) says(11) which(12) stronger(13) behind(14) up(15) While(16) unique(17)+js pR dark(18) benefits(19) from(20) rule5. Translationw@ xcI' A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.^ sXh&w~ 由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易，所有欧洲重要商业国以及它们在西半球领地的金银铸D7F\\ \ 币在北美东海岸都可以自由交换。由于法律不允许英国货币从英国流向殖民地，相比之下，西p LOqkG 班牙的货币更加重要。这些货币在墨西哥城及利马铸造，再进入西班牙殖民地。西班牙币在殖OEO :W 民地被普遍使用，以至于这种硬币最后成为美国货币单位。D< $a=?B- 虽然早在1652年马萨诸塞率先铸造低含金量的硬币，但殖民地最后转而印制纸币以补充短缺且\ 5x)Yv 不可靠的货币供给。著名人士的期票与签发给英国商人的汇票几个月内就能顺利转手。此外，&j^ R-Qk1 各个殖民地的财政部门开始在收税前签发期票，同时向城镇官员下达书面命令要求当地店铺履tobm@ ^ cCUW 行付款义务，如其他可转让的单据一样，这些票据经背书后可作为货币进行交换。+ufy$M 2Ee+S B. Translate the following sentences into English.HR;>F E?gR3 （1）With China’s successful entry into the WTO, state?owned banks are faced-* ?Wa7 with more and more pressure. The big bank intends to merge with two small banks soH4 ,s'?l as to quickly solve the problem of capital sufficiency and enlarge its scale. jvz&| ^?Gn.A （2）Because of the recessionary effect on global economy and inflation, manysHiG W 2#G4 small businesses in this city have gone bankrupt or have been swallowed up byU$zr #M@; giant corporations. It leads to a large number of workers facing unemployment.n[LR%L zp< （3）He didn’t marry her, because he felt that although pity was closely akin tofe\\~!5 !%kX love, they were still different. He was eager to marry for love, not pity.2f3%Kv CpLD （4）Web?based training and learning seems to be a perfect way to reach a hugeaS Ps pool of potential students, as well as curtail the high infrastructure andUmU(ip E personnel costs of traditional schooling.QCY % （5）With the growing of this town’s economy, local government intends to tailord~4M r a first?class nursing home for the needs of the elderly. G |G （6）The deregulation of financial markets taken by government is very helpful toaIZ\\yN >p economical globalization, but, at the same time, it brings some unpleasant~ OBR` influences on domestic economy.=cJetD )B9o （7）I wish my little brother would desist from playing network games all day,po%< HJ:\\' otherwise he would have to discontinue his studies.v,$ @X （8）One shop began to prolong the shop hours, and all other shops along the same;1hV! > street followed suit.&]q qZ （9）Following the dramatic currency depreciations in many East Asian economies in|y M 1997, these countries suffered sharp and lingering recessions. This outcome runs'z@AL f counter to the notion that depreciations ought to boost output because they makey,`:W 4Vd domestically produced goods cheaper.Q+Y > Text B Measuring Globalizationw[mB 'q&$y K$ Key to the exerciseszX h[gNO 1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. T7. F8. F9. F10. TK sEc QLJm, :^k 第二单元MI 3@v6n Key to the exercisesbB?b mzK] 1. Reading comprehensionj .} (1) This sentence reveals that the author didn’t feel disappointed about the/YHvof qXBM2: collapse of the conference. Instead, he thought it was a good thing in the long^ya inflammation and killing 40 percent of the affected people. It resulted in eight farms closed and a million pigs slaughtered.aQHc` a, (6) No, we cannot. Rain forests are not dangerous. The point is that human beings blindly rearrange ecosystems that can be hazardous to our health. Another such example is Lyme disease.X( eDVr! (7) The human AIDS viruses are descended from simian pathogens known as SIVs. HIV?1 is basically a chimpanzee virus, while HIV?2 comes from the sooty mangabey (a monkey). The best suggestion to the current wide spread of AIDS is that African hunters contracted the chimp virus while butchering animals, and then passed it on through sexual contact. The reason why so many people have nowadays got AIDS is not just a new infectious agent but a proliferation of roads, cities and airports, a breakdown of social traditions, and the advent of blood banking and needle sharing.8 Ect^k (8) Human society has been progressing at an unprecedented clip with more and more comfortable life, helped with advanced science and technology. However, many subsequent disasters have told us that a lot of efforts to improve our life is at the expense of the law of nature, which, in turn, can make us sick. One impressive case mentioned by the author is the Malaysian pig farmers’ experience in 1999. After they started pushing back the forest to expand their operations, the fruit bats began to live in the rafters, contaminating the pigs’ drinking water with a pathogen now known as Nipah virus, which soon spread from pigs to their keepers, killing 40 percent of the affected people.##z ~P/3 2. Vocabularyp`Q* M (1) parade(2) scourge(3) surveillance(4) virulent(5) harbored(6) disrupting(7) bombarded(8) contracted3. ParaphraseK?O9^D q (1) SARS may have been the most important topic in the newspapers last week, but it wasn’t the only peculiar disease according to the report the World Health Organization had received.Hp1ge w (2) With the continuing manifestation of frightening new illnesses, we become more and more sure that human beings, in spite of our intelligence, are still under the control of the microbe.W lOw (3) With smallpox largely defeated, no such thing as AIDS even imagined and medical science advancing fast, we thought human beings could defeat all microbes.z9*M7( y_[ (4) We are not sure about every factor causing disease.'L?* F[3\\ (5) Such accidents are sure to happen until someone stops the spreading of disease.OC`;I /2zT1 (6) These conditions practically decided HIV’s wide spread, and they continue to quickly get every corner of the world infected by the originally unknown bugs.F|K MRt (7) The number of travelers and speed of travel have both reached the highest degree.,] Z (8) Nobody can predict how much we can achieve in this work.x x5&J 4. ClozepJ^g[. %PI & (1) account(2) including(3) deaths(4) burden(5) reflects(6) result(7) increasing(8) approach(9) under(10) strategy(11) extensive(12) presented(13) goal(14) improve(15) through(16) synthesize(17) between(18) for(19) agree(20) framework5. TranslationPw\\l ]x:_ A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.5\\C &~A. 据美国国家过敏和传染病中心(NIAID)的研究人员说, 往猴子的鼻内喷一次测试疫苗, 猴子就可以免得非典。同时，一些荷兰的科学家已经成功地利用人类抗体保护了白鼬不受病毒侵袭。由亚历山大·博克乐耶夫领导的NIAID科研小组把产生主要非典蛋白的基因（叫做SARS?S）插入一种削弱的人类流感病毒，并用这样培养出来的试验疫苗治疗四个猴子。另外四个猴子给以安慰疫苗。把所有的药直接喷进猴子的鼻腔。(X7w! 'k1h/l 免疫接种后一个月，两组猴子都被有意染上非典。研究人员发现，从接受安慰剂的猴子的呼吸道的取样中有复制的病毒，这表明免疫接种失败。而在接受正常疫苗的猴子身上却没有这种症状。; 0'T B. Translate the following sentences into English.6Gsr (1) Though difficulties kept on cropping up in his research work, he still suceeded in finding this new element after solving all the problems.A\\8 owy (2) The train was moving at such a good clip that one day’s travel brought him to the south with scorching sun from the northern part of the country covered with white snow.Kt 7?FL (3) During her first voyage to the sea, this ship’s engine broke down, so she was left at the mercy of the rough sea. b *u\ (4) While seeking after their own profit, some companies ignore the farmer workers’ interest. Recently, the government has been bombarded with the complaints about delayed payment.il!+}. = (5) With the bird flu emerging in some Southeast Asian countries，our government has placed the imported food from those countries under close surveillance.5/WLE #Je (6) While economic globalization has brought absolute opportunities to some Chinese, the challenges it causes to others are also unmistakable./\ =**_M (7) To our relief, the vote in this assembly stopped certain countries from containing China.CQO7 @Qz[T (8) With some people, the old saying “One’s character at three years old seals his fate.” is true, but there are many people with different experiences.\ Dk6= :d Text B Basic Information about SARS8(^1+] :x];xv Key to the exercises; _1`% 1. F2. F3. F4. T5. T6. F7. T8. F9. T10. F/-y7x 12o # . 第四单元Avp 6 Text A Marriage and Love (I)2=o\\Vp > Pb Key to the exercisesV/d jZt 1. Reading comprehensioneF$^8E + (1) They cannot completely outgrow the convention. And they submit to marriage for the sake of public opinion.0 + (2) Marriage differs from the ordinary life insurance agreement only in that it is more binding, more exacting. It’s returns are insignificantly small compared with the investments. In taking out an insurance policy one pays for it in dollars and cents, always at liberty to discontinue payments. If, however, woman’s premium is a husband, she pays for it with her name, her privacy, her self?respect, her very life, “until death doth part.” Moreover, the marriage insurance condemns her to life?long dependency, to parasitism, to complete uselessness, individual as well as social.yfp3)v 8( (3) The statistics show the fact that marriage is a failure. First, every twelfth marriage ends in divorce; second, since 1870 divorces have increased from 28 to 73 for every hundred thousand population; third, adultery, since 1867, as ground for divorce, has increased 270.8 percent; fourth, desertion increased 369.8 percent.l3g.] k (4) The author thinks that Nora leaves her husband because she has come to know that for eight years she had lived with a stranger and borne him children.9K ^|(h (5) It is the slavish acquiescence to man’s superiority that has kept the marriage institution seemingly intact for so long a period.@o,6Q +)F_< (6) This is an irony. The author tries to tell us that the change in women’s position is indeed extraordinary if we realize that it is only a short time since woman has entered the industrial arena. Six million women now are exploited, robbed, and they go on strike and starve like men. They have to work in every walk of life, from the highest brain work to the most difficult menial labor in the mines and on the railroad track, even detectives and policemen. Women are now doing the things that men used to do. But women don’t get any benefit from being equal to men. Women are just equally exploited, robbed. That’s why “surely the emancipation is complete” is an irony.y9=fR b# (7) (open)k{J-r5 ?4 2. Vocabulary2 x^tvA (1) intact(2) humiliated(3) asset(4) subdue(5) repelled(6) decrepit(7) antagonistic(8) undermine(9) appendix(10) stereotype3. ParaphraseR \ (1) The distance between them (marriage and love) is like that between the North Pole and the South Pole. And, in fact, they are contrary to each other.SG Z (2) It is not, however, because love could show its power and importance only in the marriage institution; it is rather because few people can be mature enough to get rid of the convention of marriage completely.p>MS96 e{+': (3) Two strangers have to live very near and close to each other for a life long time. This is the most humiliating and degrading thing in the world.Z7l227 ]iC[5 (4) Perhaps the material from which woman is made is of very poor quality, and that is why she is so inferior.U'u s_U9|y (5) No matter how much grief and regret one has, nothing can keep marriage from being undermined.8Gn03u +U/H:l (6) Today, very few yound people allow themselves to have romance which is regarded as a kind of luxury. But if they do, sophisticated and practical older people will train them and teach them repeatedly until the young people know “what is right” in this situation.scj y=8f (7) Men usually look upon work as a permanent issue, but a very small number is woman wage?workers do so.y}] y) (8) The woman thinks her position as worker will not last for a long time. She will leave her work as soon as she meets the man who proposes to her.4. Cloze -W\ p (1) variety(2) legal(3) independence(4) dependent(5) into(6) lesser(7) Moreover(8) divorce(9) themselves(10) about(11) remains(12) survey(13) important(14) outdated(15) over(16) more(17) point(18) while(19) proportion(20) declined5. Translationhs &oK A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.+ZensB nJdrq 何谓女权主义？据一般定义，女权主义是女性及其贡献得到重视的哲学。它建立在女性的社会、政治、经济权利平等基础之上。任何人，男人、女人、男孩、女孩，都可以成为女权主义者。女权主义也可被描述为一种运动，一场革命，在这种运动或革命中男人女人们希望世界平等无界。这种界线或障碍就是广为大家所知的针对性别、性取向、年龄、婚姻状况和经济状况的歧视和偏见。每个人都以他/她自己的性别观和平等观来看待这个世界。女权主义者认为这个世界不平等。他们希望看到性别差异减小，男人优于女人的观念减退，并直至消失。# /x.lmf B. Translate the following sentences into English._ Y~_+! (1) Pearl Sydenstricker Buck was born to parents who were missionaries. She, along lived in China for seventeen years, and was saturated in Chinese culture.zqbwHs 2V&Q (2) How can you justify your rude behavior towards your parents who love you so much?5i5 7@ (3) He has grown up and has outgrown the adolescent bad habits of smoking and drinking.amj) W (4) We hold this to be self?evident that no state is in the position to interfere with the domestic affairs of other nations. This is especially true of great powers.U / (5) Before they came down in the world, they couldn’t imagine that they would content themselves with the simple life: a small room, dry bread and plain boiled water.g^: \ (6) Though he boasted he would never be taken alive, the outlaw submitted to the police without a struggle when surrounded.*F Be#<;V (7) In order to have her higher education, she has to contend fiercely with her father who believes that women are doomed to spending their life at the kitchen sink.r.\ ;T (8) It is faminism that the single mother has instilled in her daughter.XvXBm .fj(kM &$d- Text B Marriage and Love (Ⅱ)V&< gi a2N\\0! Key to the exercisesHNG f].FR 1. F2. T3. F4. F5.T6. F7.T8.T9.T10. F 2. 研究生英语 第五单元 练习答案~>I 3. C2# 4. Q 5. Key to the exercisesBHII( 6. p!X+ 7. 1. Reading comprehensionoYtAAK 8. PAs 9. (1) The facilitator using interactive keypad technology is able to manage ther4o/T 10. ThA4* 11. discussions of on? and off?site students.l^ 12. 5Bd4 13. (2) In the morning, evening; or on weekends.KB)3:C 14. }s 15. (3) Because of the new educational models, students have online access to theBuXmv 16. Z 17. Learning Center’s resources every time.JyN>- 18. H 19. (4) The relationship between parents and learning facilitators is close; they-i>fW< 20. ~1$ 21. contact with each other via e?mail, telephone, or satellite; and their common2c_ 22. w: 23. desire is to provide the children with the best education possible.tDubd 24. 1ZlS 25. (5) They will function as learning facilitators, coaches, mentors, and fellowqAu| 26. 1}Ib| 27. learners, guiding the learning process in areas in which they may or may not beDH@>( 28. \\i>> 29. experts.7B 30. XiL+/ 31. (6) The community will be more involved in education.T 32. 7~ 33. 2. Vocabulary\34. !^h 35. (1) meticulous(2) facilitators(3) incentive(4) accommodate(5) agile(6)K:P 36. IW]~i 37. downsized(7) relevant(8) foster3. Paraphrasee 38. THzM@ 39. （1） The following imagined scenes of future education is an effort to presentBWLR 40. e8Xd 41. what we would see in future, as discussed at the NCREL sessions.U\\[4b| 42. ; 43. （2） And she may have on?site meeting with an expert via Internet for practicalR%FH# 44. eKmvA 45. help about her work at hand. The web?based interaction increases students’{l9% 46. 7># 47. cooperation, collaboration, and socialization.KE~e7z 48. ~3 49. （3） Throughout her education at the Learning Center, the student’s learning+{|[ 50. \\) 51. patterns will be controlled and directed so as to help students find their ownEK 52. Z0@ 53. strengths and weaknesses then she is able to prepare an appropriate personal3=Yp=; 54. 8m!ODV 55. curriculum.$Qt 56. go6=x| 57. （4） In the past, the capital investment is demanded for large buildings, but nowMK^ 58. X[U C 59. it is used for smaller high technology facilities that can be obtained or reachedeo 60. 3t2r\\ 61. by all children.Ifdxr 62. &9_F 63. （5） The instructional design principle should be concentrated on creatingQn^ 64. u_ 65. learning activities based on student’s research task and project that areIH4^8 66. \ 67. connected with students and the community.[w], 68. ~LAh 69. （6） By adopting a formative evaluation method, both student’s performance andWpcoyc 70. )M3|iW 71. formal assessment processes on key learning should be a part of the learning\\7e 72. zd 73. design.fGG 74. 8M0 75. （7） Research in academic field is demanded in order to put theory into practice.!|.(=g 76. ke 77. Scientific research is needed in order to make practical use of the knowledgeSDNzW 78. z|;e-M 79. obtained from advanced intelligent research in student’s learning.M 80. r*q 81. （8） Very large school buildings will no longer be built. And existing buildingsoMpW 82. )I 83. will be reduced and planned again for meeting the changing needs of students, who/i4O\84. 6>' 85. will spend much of their time on learning off?site.nuFu7 86. a-h5P 87. （9） Funds, which are made available for technology and subordinatevMwNcl 88. i 89. installations, will be given to supply smaller educational facilities and provideo&t5 90. u9 91. all students with means of approaching computer networks via computers held inER< 92. T 93. their hands. q&R 94. k 95. 4. ClozeG 96. K 97. (1) not(2) between(3) ecological(4) such(5) as(6) then(7) that(8) contribute(9);$J 98. _F02p 99. form(10) groups(11) participating(12) comprise(13) which(14) from(15) linked(16)v 100. Mo_5]j 101. may(17) with(18) content(19) Once(20) and5. Translation 103. A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.$~ 104. sG? 105. 我们的计算机网络相当先进，不久就会使我们有机会和地方公司甚至其他大学共享我们 的教学d.GWX3 106. WfD 107. 专长。一个专门服务于远程学习的中心已在酝酿之中。我们将越来越多地利用基于因特 网的计a/;d. 108. ?l.* 109. 算机课程，提高我们自己的教学水平，同时也使校外的学生有机会学习。这并不意味着 计算机x][P2- 110. ]n2e` 111. 终端将会取代人，学生永远需要当场建议和高质量的面授。但这的确意味着我们可以逐 步完善%w 112. tP 113. 我们的教学课程，并使之以课本的形式让大家得到。就我们大学自身来讲，提供更多的 入学机/j 114. 6 115. 会将仍是我们的头等大事。我们在努力解除剑桥的神秘感，增加录取公立中学毕业生的 比率。GR4 116. x_. 117. 我们要确保鼓励和支持少教民族事业、外国学生和残疾学生申请剑桥，确保妇女全面参 与大学6+ 118. sthT 119. 的事务，增加她们在高级学术职位方面的代表性。我们要鼓励校友们更加关心剑桥，用 他们的, 120. <0;=x( 121. 专长和经验为母校服务。VsZTQ9 122. ^=;v 123. B. Translate the following sentences into English.|Nabg. 124. [zW 125. (1) At my friend’s suggestion, the room was converted from a single bedroom to ajy_3vr 126. &z 127. study.1q}iSA 128. J 129. (2) People always connect Xi’an with the Big Goose Pagoda and Terra?cotta7 130. (N 131. Warriors and Horses.\132. 133. (3) College students must have access to a good library, through which their9^Y 134. A 135. knowledge and experience can be broadened.l[ 136. 8;F 137. (4) The dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood waters, so that the river(27 138. N 139. had burst its banks and flooded the houses by the river.@l \\\\g 140. 0} 141. (5) Her success was largely due to her efforts. Also her parents’ words were af!a)K 142. /\ 143. great encouragement to her.\\ 144. Q@V 145. (6) Through participating in the process of planning our field trip, my groupt; 146. *.'R 147. members and I had to identify our intended learning goals for the students.Bi9k% 148. C`ym 149. (7) I did in the spirit of revenge by sending an e?mail to everyone in the office}- 150. Hf\\B 151. which began as follow:“We regret to inform you that you have missed this3@g^>D 152. / 153. opportanity, ...”*M 154. hBl]:R 155. (8) Even though this IC (integrated circuit) is supposed to work as a latchi 156. w1CU 157. circuit, it can also be made to function as RS (recommended standard) flip?flop.0m$ 158. je[\ 159. Text B Don’t Police Plagiarism: Just Teach!Xo-Z,# 160. %tW~ 161. Key to the exercisesJMBx 162. qP:L 163. 1. C2. C3. D4. B5. A6. B'm1Ui2 164. [H!51N 165. 0000000000000 166. 第六单元练习答案}r%sxV 167. kY{A^ 168. Key to the exercises4S 169. [ 170. 1. Reading comprehensiont 171. ] 172. (1) Nationalism is a strong belief in national purity. According to nationalism, a0iWI,P 173. Y$vod% 174. functioning state must rely upon pure ethnicity and a set of cultural and]fI\175. *0?]EH 176. religious beliefs widely and deeply shared by those within its boundaries.e 177. G_ 178. (2) Hypernationalism is the root cause of terrorism. People who arek ;! 179. @FHU 180. hyper?nationalist are apt to turn a hostile eye toward “intruders.” When someD9^cQ 181. wnBuVy 182. visitors engage in an act of criminal violence against the mainstream culture,zn: 183. ]? 184. many people just take a “find?and?expel” attitude, which is easy to initiate]:TGb 185. )4m:> 186. ethnic and racist hatred. Violence and terror thus arise.dP%[n 187. +^5 188. (3) The word “dichotomy” is used here to describe the embarrassing situation of2 189. ?[^Mfz 190. workers from other countries. They work cheap and without complaints for theKe\191. Ld# 192. construction of the country they are living in. In this respect, they are needed.3. 193. [91 194. But at the same time, they can never be accepted by the mainstream culture. They}PYG 195. yEFy79 196. are still deemed as potentially dangerous. dhdub 197. q3 198. (4) Because most terrorists inhabit or have inhabited states which claim thatOT 199. Hn/# 200. political society can be held together only by a common ethnicity, religiousJHycn 201. bP|21 202. belief, and cultural practice. And they don’t criticize the nationalist ideal buthI; 203. kEuGNg 204. attempt to become the new center of power and belief by annihilating those who*i_D=z 205. P>G 206. once discriminated against or subjugated them.z J 207. ^b|8l 208. (5) In the Middle East, geopolitical and economic considerations make US supportQiR 209. -@Q&Vw 210. both Israeli democracy and the moderate state of Saudi Arabia. This kind of$Kn46w 211. 5P 212. support intensifies destructive nationalism instead of guaranteeing economic and3< 213. ^# 214. military security. Therefore, although the US didn’t initiate crude forms ofX#K 215. r$~[# 216. ethnic and racial hatred, it still in some way fuels terrorism.DL 217. S]G*Y 218. (6) According to the author, to avoid terrorist action between different races and: 219. H 220. ethnic groups, it might be better for us to nurture cultural and democratic(obI 221. //qR: 222. pluralism, in which people with different cultural and national heritage can live~x 223. 8WAz 224. together peacefully and prosper together. _]!k 225. bC4bq0 226. 2. Vocabulary]cih 227. @8%,S 228. (1) nuance(2) dichotomy(3) provision(4) entrenched(5) mandate(6) discrimination(7)G>\229. d 230. Paradoxically(8) annihilate(9) explicit(10) solvent 3. ParaphraseW% 231. , 232. (1) Although the war against terrorism is different from World War II, it hasE|/@F 233. |p? 234. similarities in many present and past conflicts.+C)Fo 235. IKN1 236. (2) To point out that terrorism’s organizations often originate from theQ 237. j D 238. scattered settlements of terrorists is considered to be an argument in support ofnwYh 239. q%6qR 240. terrorism.Lbq 241. GL?% 242. (3) Contradictorily, the most serious sin of terrorism may be that it imitates orfw8 243. XE 244. is even worse than the worst aspects of the cruel and unjust regime from which the6;f 245. `AUl=, 246. terrorists appear.m 247. H 248. (4) The United States didn’t start the basic form of hatred between differentpHJpL1 249. J0*u> 250. ethnic groups which is the cause of terrorism, but it is not free from blame.*r2 251. L{eV 252. (5) In both countries, more and more people who try to establish a pure nationHNG 253. 7qKJN 254. excluding other ethnic and religious groups control politics.HY(Q4 255. x#;].^ 256. (6) Inside the country, U S leaders avoid offending religion that they dislike orrW 257. V 258. disagree with. 3 259. = 260. (7) The Saudi regime still exists partly because it encourages the fundamentalistsUBdX\261. ah 262. who are not satisfied with it to take the United States and Israel as an outlet to,.HgG 263. BoH.@X 264. show political dissatisfaction.u 265. OlE3 266. (8) Without the reconstruction of a democratic view like this, I am afraid that>c 267. QY6 268. civil wars within many states which pursue nationalism will last forever. F:8 272. (1) disclose(2) strike(3) high(4) probe(5) standpoint(6) entails(7) absence(8)V'K&2w 273. jdXB.# 274. resort(9) stimulate(10) grievances(11) alternatives(12) establishment(13)Q=S 275. lb 276. conceive(14) internal(15) born(16) Accordingly(17) predominantly(18)6^nftj 277. Zx0@ 278. injustices(19) strives(20) eliminate 5. TranslationJ 279. f]*ovO 280. A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.WNSo%: 281. Ak:Z3 282. (1) 美国并未激起产生恐怖主义根源的原始的民族和种族仇恨，然而，美国也并不能完 全脱离Lof 283. Cq 284. 干系。在中东地区，基于地域和经济上的考虑使得美国不得不既支持以色列的民主形式， 又支I[pGkc 285. :o 286. 持沙特阿拉伯的温和立场。然而，这种支持更多地支持和加剧了灾难性的民族主义，而 并没有Y 288. 使经济和军事上的安全得到保证。以色列对占领区的控制使得阿拉伯人越来越多地采取 暴力手{H: 289. `Ee:=\\ 290. 段。沙特政权之所以能够幸存下来部分上是由于政府总在默默地鼓励基督教原教旨主义 者把他2O1c 291. VE3g2- 292. 们对国内政治的不满发泄在美国和以色列身上。XuE 293. arw 294. (2) 帕蒂西?赫威特轻声地说着，她措辞相当谨慎。当她激动的时候，她的声音有些颤L 295. n 296. 抖，“在911事件之后，我们开始在全球范围内建立一个强有力的反恐联盟。但是如果 我们要qh 297. >'_ 298. 建立一个持久的、真正强有力的国际反恐联盟来确保安全，那么我们就得建立一个同样 强有力/ 299. >Fg 300. 的经济联盟。因为倘若我们不去解决整个发展中国家所面临的饥饿、苦难、挫败等问题， 我们Zga 301. tmE% 302. 就永远解决不了恐怖主义以及其它危及世界和平的问题。”B 303. \\\ 304. B. Translate the following sentences into English.rcG8C 305. x 306. (1) The increasing reliance of the third industry in big cities on guest workersx 307. N 308. is entrenched. Without legions of them to participate in the cities’r3P9T 309. V 310. construction, the development of many cities would grind to a halt. @ycaM 311. mlDa+ 312. (2) The development of economy mainly hinges on social stability. Therefore, the[3x'{h 313. dq 314. overwhelming issue at present is to maintain stability. ~{ 315. gQzMe{ 316. (3) An open international metropolis should be one with cultural pluralism, where'm 317. 04] 318. people with different cultural backgrounds coexist peacefully and developG*l~* 319. '^[Z@ 320. together. lJd} 321. \\+b 322. (4) Due to drug abuse, he was detached from the people around him. Gradually, hepk 323. l:9[I 324. embraced a moral revulsion towards drug abuse and was determined to give it up. yf 325. qvm 326. (5) He has a big car, a country house, and all the other trappings of success. But\327. U6xQYM 328. he was not in the least happy. b 329. eb_ 330. (6) Some people turn a hostile eye toward those who dissent from their view, whichI& !*0 331. yoX 332. doesn’t agree with what an open?minded person should do. ( 333. } 334. (7) Contrary to what he expected, he failed to be promoted this time. After| 335. j]T 336. returning to his home, he vented his anger on his wife. Wo6yP 337. %#''z 338. (8) The American way of life is characterized by reverence for material abundance.k1P 339. 0D 340. ` 341. ag 342. 8F 343. Text BIs Terrorism’s Threat Overblown?4 344. SEI\\: 345. q>x 346. Key to the exercisesRnR@ 347. jCS7 348. 1. F2. T3. T4. T5. F6. F7. F8. F9. T10. F7k 349. 第九单元 350. 1. Reading comprehension 351. 352. 353. (1) From the previous paragraphs, we have seen people have began to be weary of the space program. But we still continue to launch satellites and establish space stations which the general public now are not so happy with. So when we carry out space programs, we have to deceive our true feeling and put up with these things which we are not happy with great patience. 354. 355. 356. (2) By saying this, the author wants to convey that no matter how developed technology is and no matter how far we go into space, we are just primitive men, not physically suited to travel and live in space. We cannot change our body with technology to adapt to the conditions in space. 357. 358. 359. (3) In sentence 2, the author compares establishing the first base on the moon to chucking tin cans across the back yard. By making this comparison, the author wants to show that human’s effort and power are feeble compared with their grand dream of cosmic conquest. 360. 361. 362. (4) Ascension Island is an Island in the South Atlantic. But here in this paragraph, its meaning is more than that. The original meaning of “ascension” is “coming up.” So here, the author wants to say that people consider the moon as a midway station in their space journey, serving as a base for them to make further exploration. 363. 364. 365. (5) The author wants to show the excitement of the Apollo Astronauts. When they saw the earth in space, they were moved and marveled at the creation of nature and realized the preciousness of our home planet. 366. 367. 368. (6) Gradually, there will be more concentration on the things on this earth. 369. 370. 371. 2. Vocabulary 372. 373. 374. (1)foreshadowed (2)Tributes (3)transcendental (4)purveyor (5)coincide (6)entail (7)chuck (8)prefigure (9) permeated 375. 376. 377. 378. 379. 380. 3. Paraphrase 381. 382. 383. (1) This everyday lack of attention to the fate of the Columbia is worthwhile for us to make some comments, particularly because considering the general ignorance about the mission, the great deal of exaggerated statements seems unfit and incongruous. 384. 385. 386. (2) When confronted with disaster, it seems we were all made to have a sentimental longing for the space age, which actually disappeared long ago. 387. 388. 389. (3) The message contained in their books was that space exploration was natural to human beings just like it is natural for a child to run around on his own legs according to the expression of one space expert. 390. 391. 392. (4) People who tried to search for hidden meanings began to talk excitedly about the existence of one global soul. 393. 394. 395. (5) In addition to the fact that Apollo program was the first step of human’s landing on the moon, Apollo’s permanent influence is that it make traveling to the moon for the future generation a psychology-shifting moment which could offer us another perspective to understand that our homeland earth is so easy to be hurt and so important for our survival. 396. 397. 398. (6) The space age, expressed in a different way, took effect upon the earth, which nurtured the interest for space. That is to say, people’s interest in space was replaced by people’s rediscovery of earth. (1) haphazard(2) pawned(3) trim(4) benign(5) Constitution(6) vacancy(7) exhilarated(8) affectionate3. Paraphrase (See teacher’s notes) 4. Cloze (1) Shortly after(2) so(3) unlikely(4) full?time(5) workaholic(6) ballet(7) because of(8) circus(9) on(10) knocked(11) huddled(12) Once(13) cuddled(14) sick(15) drops(16) shares(17) pain(18) encourages(19) offers(20) follow5. Translation A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. 在我看来很有可能一方崇高地维护友谊，而另一方却没有任何相应的回应，这种可能性比我以前所了解得更大。为什么我要烦恼自己，抱怨对方不够宽容？太阳从不烦恼，它的一些光线未落中目标，白白地落在不知感激的太空，只有一小部分落在能反射的行星上。用你自己的伟大感化同伴的粗鄙和冷淡。如果他不配，就会很快消失；但你却因自己的光芒而更加伟大。而且，你将不再是蛙类和虫类的同伴，你会与天堂中的天使一起飞翔并发光。付出爱却没有回报一般被认为是不光彩的事。但高尚的人要确保真正的爱不会不得到回报。真正的爱超越一些不配得到它的物体，停留并盘旋于永恒之上，此时，插入其中的面具土崩瓦解。这并不可悲，只是让人更感到去掉了许多的尘土，更感到了独立。这些东西要说出来必定会一定程度上背叛友谊。友谊的本质是完全，是高尚和信任。友谊不容猜疑，不会懦弱。友谊将其对象视为神，友谊将把双方神圣化。 B. Translate the following sentences into English. (1) The characters in his later works are largely self?contradictory, while the characters in his early works are mainly of a piece. (2) We don’t know the first thing about some of our friends, though we have known each other for a long time. (3) Our company thinks no much of those who have only book knowledge but no working experience. (4) He has lost his family, his job and confidence. He is down and out. (5) They went all to pieces when they knew their son, who had been out of contact for three days, was captured as a hostage by terrorists. Text B Of Friendship Key to the exercises 1. T2. F3.F4.T5.T6. F7.T8. F9.T10.F