However, first of all , do not panic. 然而，首先我们不要恐慌。
Even an elusive can be cracked if you read carefully. 即使是一个难以捉摸的问题只要你仔细阅读就可以理解的。 4. Skimming
Skim the headings, authors, abstract, figures, and the quickly to get an overview of the paper. although it may take several minutes , for an experienced researcher, it might be adequate enough to determine whether it worthwhile to read the article.
译文：浏览文献的标题、作者、摘要、数据和简介。对于一个经验丰富的研究员来说，虽然它可能需要花费研究员几分钟来浏览文献，但是已经足以让研究员决定这篇文献是否值得阅读。 全文翻译：对于一位经验丰富的研究员来说，虽然浏览文献的标题、作者、摘要、数字和简介可能需要几分钟, 但是它已经足以让研究员决定这篇文献是否值得阅读。
5. Go through the paper word by word, underlining or highlighting new words and phrases. use a professional dictionary frequently for finding their correct definitions. A relevant textbook may give more complete explanation. The ordinary shelf dictionary may not give you precise or may not reflect how scientists use a word . For instance,
“discharge” has a common definition of releasing from service or duty, but its definition in chemistry is much more restricted to releasing electrical energy from a battery. Another well known example, “base”means the fundamental part of something in common English ,but in chemistry its meaning is a compound that in solution has a PH greater than 7 翻译
一个单词一个单词的浏览文章，在新单词和短语下划线或用彩笔做标记。用一本专业词典可快速的找出它们的正确定义。一本相关的教材也会给出更合理的解释。但书架上普通的词典不能给你明确解释或者不能反映出怎样科学的运用一个单词。比如说，discharge在表达服务或责任上共同的定义就是释放，但在化学中的定义多局限于从电池中释放电能。另一个总所周知的例子，base在平常的英语表达中指一些东西的基本部分，但在化学中指的是化合物的溶液PH值超过7.
6. 大多数情况下，你从课本中学到的知识和逻辑学有助于新单词与短语之间的理解。但存在着误解或者表面理解，这种风险是明显存在的。因此，你最好在它被用的上下文中理解它的意思。经常用以描述一个实验的程序可以理解的形式的情况下，可对特定的论文。标记这样的短语属于本文的一个主要概念。例如，一篇关
于键级和电荷分布的论文适用于反应，这你需要更深入的在上下文中理解它。
7. Make notes in the paper 在该文章上做笔记
It is a good habit to make notes in the margins of copies of papers.
在文章副本页边的空白处做笔记是一个好的习惯
Use whatever style you prefer. Besides the new words and phrases, if you
运用你喜欢的不管怎样的风格。除了生单词和短语，如果你 have questions or criticisms, write them down so you do not forget them.
有问题或者评论，你就将它们记下来，以便你不会忘记它们 Flag the important points of the paper as well as the suspicious data or
（你）要标记文章中的重要的观点也要标记（其中）可疑数据和 key data. This kind of reading habit helps you save time when you have
关键数据。这种阅读习惯能帮助你节省时间当你再次
to go over the paper again, specially when you have to re-read it after
复习该文章时，尤其是过了几个月后你必须再次阅读它时。
several months.
8. Read each section of the paper scrupulously in order to cover the whole picture.
翻译：为了能够覆盖整个内容，应认真阅读文章的每个部分。 9. In introduction ,notice how the context is set. What background knowledge is this a part of? The author summarized and commented on previous researches . It is often necessary to distinguish between the actual current study and previous research. Recognize the hypothesis of the paper and the ways this will be tested.
翻译：在介绍中，注意上下文如何设置。这一部分是什么样的背景知识？作者在以往研究的总结和评论。经常区分当前的实际研究和以前的研究是有必要的。认识到本文的假设和方法将被测试。 10.
In Experimental(Methods), try to get a clear image of
what was done at each step. A good habit is to make an outline and/or sketch of the procedures and instruments. Write down your questions no matter how simple or technical, but some may point to more fundamental considerations that you will use for reflection and criticism below
在实验(方法)中，尝试在每一步（思考）要做些什么，以获得清晰的思路。一个良好的习惯是大纲和/或草图的程序和工具。不管多么简单或专业，但有些人可能指向更根本的考虑，您将使用的反思和批判
来写下您的问题 11.
in results,scrutinize the figures and tables, as they are
the heart of most papers and may imply whether it is worthwhile to read the rest of the article.if you can coarsely draw conclusions from a figure or table,it means you “understand” the paper, for example,in a table,”the conversions of reactants increase with the increase of a reaction time,but some samples are exception.” So,you decide to read the explanation of the exception
因此，细看这些数据和表,因为它们是最核心的论文和可能暗示是否值得阅读本文的其余部分，如果你可以粗俗地从一个图或表得出结论,它意味着你“理解”文章的内容，例如,在一个表中,“反应物转化率增加随反应时间的增加而增加,但一些样品例外。“所以,你决定看解释的异常 12.
In discussion（讨论）,the author would like to draw
conclusions（结论） from the data（资料）.Usually,this section consists of（由...组成）a lot of interpretation（解释）and is very important. It is where the author reflects on (体现) the work and its meaning in connection （结合） with other findings and to the field in general(通常).
全段翻译：在讨论中，作者想从数据中得出结论。通常，这部分由很多解释和它是非常重要。这是作者体现在工作和它的意义在