校企合作论文：职教中校企合作的现状与发展对策研究
【中文摘要】发展职业教育，是我国进行产业结构调整，发展经济的迫切需要。但是目前职业教育却存在很多问题：办学机制不够灵活、教育观念落后、管理体制陈旧、人才培养的数量和质量与市场需求还有较大差距，使许多职业学校的毕业生就业率高但就业质量却很低。现阶段职业教育不仅是规模性的发展，更是结构性优化和质量的提升，而“校企合作”正是实现这一目标的唯一途径。随着职业教育改革的不断深入，实施校企合作的职业学校与企业的数量正逐渐增加，但是合作质量依旧很低，原因是对校企合作没有较为系统和完整的研究，社会各界对校企合作有着不同的理解，面临着工作组织不落实，缺乏相关政策和制度等诸多问题,校企合作还不够深入，合作还只是浅层次的合作，没有达到理想的效果。因此，要使校企合作深入开展，提高人才培养质量和数量，满足企业及社会的需要，不仅需要加强理论研究，完善政策法规健全机制，对各地好的经验加以总结借鉴，还应结合我国国情及各地经济发展状况和各专业特点进行适宜的合作。为此本文分为四部分：第一部分在绪论中提出所要研究的问题，写作的思路和方法，并对校企合作的概念进行界定。第二部分以山东省为例，对山东省中职学校校企合作的现状进行论述。着重探讨了合作所取得的成绩；校企合作的主要方式和途径；推动校企合作采取的措施和校企合作存在的问题。第三部分对山东和全国校企合作的制约性因素进行分析。影响合作的主要因素包括：校企合作的法规政策不
具体，缺乏操作性；多数中职学校自身实力过于弱小；缺乏校企合作机制；学校与企业存在文化差异。第四部分论述了中职校企合作未来发展面临的新形势和新任务。其面临的新形势是产业转型升级、战略性新兴产业的发展和中职继续深化改革。校企合作未来发展的新任务是促进企业的升级、新兴产业的发展及促进中职的改革。第五部分推进我国中职校企合作办学持续发展对策。这些对策包括校企合作应完善法规并加强考核与评价；加强校企合作机制建设；加强校企合作的工业文化对接；采取转变合作观念，促进合作的多元化；理清合作思路，选择适宜的合作模式；加强中职基础能力建设；营造有利于技能人才发展的环境和条件七个方面。本研究是以中等职业教育校企合作为研究对象，围绕现阶段校企合作的实际发展来论述。笔者认为中职校企合作是一项复杂的工程，合作要深入持续开展，需要社会方方面面的努力，包括完善法律法规、加强机制建设、校企文化对接等方面。只有全社会共同努力校企合作才能深入开展并保证质量。
【英文摘要】The development of vocational education, China’s industrial restructuring, and theurgent need of economic development. Vocational education, there are many problems:educational mechanism is not flexible enough, the concept behind the educationmanagement system is old, the number and quality of personnel training and marketdemand, there is a large gap, so that the high employment rate of graduates of vocationalschools, but the quality of employment
is very low. Vocational education at this stage, notonly is the scale of the development, structural optimization and upgrading the quality ofschool-enterprise cooperation is the only way to achieve this goal. With the deepening ofthe reform of vocational education, the implementation of school gradual increase in thenumber of vocational schools and enterprises in the enterprise cooperation, but the qualityof cooperation is still very low, because there is no systematic and complete study ofschool-enterprise cooperation, the community had a different understanding, faced withthe organization of work are not implemented, the lack of relevant policies and systemsand many other issues, school-enterprise cooperation is not deep enough, cooperation isonly shallow cooperation, did not achieve the desired results, therefore, to
makeschool-enterprise cooperation to carry out in-depth, improve personnel training quality andquantity to meet the needs of business and society not only the need to strengthen thetheoretical research, and improve policies and regulations, a sound mechanism tosummarize draw around good experience, but also combined with China’s nationalconditions and local economic development and the professional characteristics of theestablishment of appropriate school-enterprise cooperation
mode.This paper is divided into four parts:The first part of the research in the introduction, the ideas and methods of writing, andschool-enterprise cooperation concept to define.The second part of Shandong Province, for example, to analyze the current state ofschool-enterprise cooperation of Shandong Province, vocational schools, focused on theachievements of cooperation; ways and means of school-enterprise cooperation; takevarious measures to promote school-enterprise cooperation and the problems ofschool-enterprise cooperation.The third part of Shandong and the school-enterprise cooperation in the common factoranalysis. Common factors affecting cooperation include:
school-enterprise cooperation is not specific regulations and policies, lack of interoperability; most vocational schools intheir own strength is too weak; the lack of school-enterprise cooperation mechanisms;schools and cultural differences.The fourth part to promote the sustainable development of countermeasures vocationalenterprises in China’s cooperation in running schools. First of all, the
school-enterprisecooperation should improve regulations and strengthen the examination and evaluation;second, to strengthen the school-enterprise cooperation mechanisms;
Third, strengthen theindustrial culture of the
school-enterprise cooperation and docking; to take to change theconcept of cooperation to promote the diversification of the cooperation; Fifth, sort out theideas of cooperation, the appropriate choice of cooperation mode; sixth,
strengtheningcapacity-building of post basis; seventh, and create the environment and conditions of theappropriate skills and talent development. The community should change the concept ofthe talent and the existing personnel system reform, promote the development of skilledpersonnel to provide personnel conditions for school-enterprise cooperation.This study is based on secondary vocational education school-enterprise cooperation forthe study, discourse surrounding the actual development of the current school-enterprisecooperation. I believe that in the vocational school-enterprise cooperation is a complexproject, co-operation to be ongoing in-depth needs the efforts of the social aspects,including the perfect laws and regulations, strengthen institutional building, school andenterprise culture docking and so on. In addition, secondary vocational schools should sortout the thoughts of running to strengthen basic capacity building, to provide a
realisticfoundation for the school-enterprise cooperation.