【摘要】 目的 观察螺旋CT检查在术前预测进展期直肠癌环周切缘受累的准确性。方法 39例病理证实直肠癌病人,以空气作为肠腔内对比剂进行螺旋CT扫描,按全直肠系膜切除术原则进行手术,将CT扫描与病理组织学检查结果进行比较。结果 螺旋CT准确判断出肿瘤在直肠系膜间隙内侵犯的深度。8例环周切缘阳性的病人均可见直肠系膜内明显的肿瘤浸润,7例病人通过螺旋CT准确判断出环周切缘受累。预测环周切缘受累灵敏度为87.5%(7/8),特异度为93.3%(29/31),准确度为92.3%(36/39),阳性预测值为77.8%(7/9),阴性预测值为96.7%(29/30)。结论 术前螺旋CT检查可准确预测肿瘤环周切缘状态。
【关键词】 直肠肿瘤 体层摄影 螺旋计算机 环周切缘
[ABSTRACT]ObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (SCT) imaging in preoperative prediction of circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement in advanced rectal cancer. MethodsPreoperative SCT was performed with air as contrast medium in 39 patients with rectal cancer confirmed pathologically, and the operation carried out based on total mesorectal resection (TME) principle. CT images were compared with histopathologic sections.ResultsThe depth intruded by the tumor in mesorectal space was well judged. In eight patients with CRM involvement, the invasion of mesentery could be seen, in which seven were accurately identified. The sensitivity of CRM of SCT was 87.5%; specificity, 93.3%; accuracy, 92.3%; PPV, 77.8%; and NPV, 96.7%.ConclusionPreoperative SCT accurately indicates the status of CRM.
[KEY WORDS]Rectal neoplasms; Tomography, spiral computed; Circumferential resection margin
直肠癌病人的预后与肿瘤在肠壁、直肠系膜内侵犯的程度及其周围组织结构有无受累密切相关[1~3]。手术前能否对直肠癌进行准确的分期,对制定合理化的治疗方案具有重要临床意义[4]。本研究通过术前螺旋CT(SCT)扫描,结合病理组织学检查,评价SCT在直肠癌术前预测环周切缘受累中的价值。
1 资料和方法
1.1 一般资料
2003年4~10月,经纤维结肠镜和病理检查确诊的直肠癌病人39例,其中男24例,女15例;年龄为27~82岁,平均(56.9±12.3)岁。肿瘤距齿状线距离为2~14 cm,平均(6.4±2.6)cm。行低位前切除术(LAR)25例,经腹会阴联合切除术(APR)11例,姑息性直肠癌切除术2例,经直肠局部切除术1例。
1.2 SCT检查方法
病人检查前清洁肠道。采用GE Light Speed 16 SCT,俯卧位与仰卧位结合进行扫描。向直肠内注入1 000~1 500 mL气体以充分扩张肠腔。扫描范围自骶髂关节上方至坐骨结节下缘,平扫层厚为5 mm,矩阵512×512,电压120 kV,电流250 mA,螺距1.35∶1。静脉增强扫描采用碘普罗胺(300 g/L),剂量100 mL,以3 mL/s团注法注射,延迟40~50 s后扫描。
1.3 CT图像的分析和诊断
重点对直肠系膜和环周切缘浸润情况进行观察。取肿瘤相对应直肠系膜最薄的平面,根据肿瘤在直肠系膜内浸润的深度和系膜的厚度进行观察比较,将肿瘤在直肠系膜内侵犯的程度分为四度。Ⅰ度:肿瘤侵犯<25%;Ⅱ度:肿瘤侵犯25%~50%;Ⅲ度:肿瘤侵犯51%~75%;Ⅳ度:肿瘤侵犯>75%。对于影像中显示相应肠壁明显增厚,浆膜面或固有肌层外缘模糊毛糙,直肠周围系膜间隙内出现条索状或毛刺状、结节状改变,表示肿瘤已侵透肠壁全层,与周围邻近器官组织尚有间隙存在,系膜内侵犯不超过Ⅲ度,预测环周切缘未受累。而肿瘤与受侵器官相延续,正常的组织间隙消失,系膜内侵犯达到Ⅳ度或以上者,判定环周切缘明显受累。
螺旋CT在术前预测直肠癌环周切缘受累的价值
2012-08-26 22:52
螺旋CT在术前预测直肠癌环周切缘受累的价值.doc
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