虽然2004年美国重症医学会强烈推荐重度脓毒症患者(APACHEII评分﹥25分)使用活性蛋白C,但重组活性蛋白C价格昂贵,恐怕使多数患者难以接受;肝素可激活AT?Ⅲ而发挥抗凝、抗炎作用,同时易获取、价廉而且最广泛应用于抗凝治疗,一些非随机对照的临床观察中也显示出肝素可部分抑制脓毒症导致的凝血系统活化,但是还缺乏随机对照、前瞻性的临床研究[17],值得进一步研究开发。
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