I was in the train sitting opposite a middle-aged couple. They were ordinary in every respect, but ______ they did touched me deeply.
答案:what。解释:此处考查主语从句的引导词。从句中缺表示物的主语,所以使用what。
(4)定语从句:当确定为定语从句后,首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点,还是其他,然后判断引导词在从句中的成分,再根据定语从句的有关规则确定使用哪个引导词。如:
语法填空
However, Cheung, _______ graduated from Hong Kong Baptist University this summer, has found that now she needs putonghua more than ever.
答案:who。解释:此处考查非限制性定语从句的引导词的用法。由于先行词是人Cheung(张),引导词在从句中作主语,所以使用who。
4、根据固定搭配、典型句型确定动词、名词、介词等
固定搭配的短语及习惯用法是属于比较简单的考点,只要平时注意积累基本上就能答对。
如:
Volunteer work plays an important _______in America’s high school education.
答案:part。解释:此处考查短语play a part in的搭配用法。
但要有时命题者会在设计时增加一些难度,在短语之间插入其他一些成分,或将固定连用的短语分隔开来,这一点也需注意。
Some parents tried to pull him off the school’s ruins, saying, “It’s too late! They are all dead! There is nothing you can do!” ________each parent he responded with the same line: “Are you going to help me now?” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone.
答案:To。解释:此处考查短语respond to的固定搭配。由于宾语each parent放在了句首,短语被拆开,所以难度加大了许多。
二、提供单词原形的空格
1、括号内提供的是动词
当括号内提供的是动词时,主要要判断是谓语还是非谓语。
(1)当考查的是谓语时,首先要判断其时态和语态。如:
Since Hong Kong ________(rejoin) China in 1997, more student from the Chinese mainland have chosen to study there.
答案:rejoined。解释:此处考查作谓语的动词形式。根据主句的时态have chosen及从句的时间状语in 1997,此空动词应该是一般过去时态。
(2)如果考查非谓语,要判断非谓语在句中的成分,根据不同成分使用适当的形式,其中使用ing形式和ed形式居多,有时也考查to do, to be done, having done等形式或名词,如: Ten years ago, Jessica Cheung was only 13. _________(live) with her parents in Hong Kong, she knew little putonghua.
答案:Living。解释:此处考查作非谓语的动词形式。动词live(生活)作原因状语,与逻辑主语she是主动关系,所以使用现在分词living。
2、括号内提供的是形容词或副词
如果括号内提供的是形容词,一般是判断考查副词,即要变成副词形式;如果括号内提供的是副词,一般是判断考察形容词,即要变成形容词形式。如:
“Thirty-five cents,” she said___________(rude).
答案:rudely。解释:此处考查副词作状语的用法。括号内提供的是形容词,要用来修饰动词said,所以要使用副词形式。
但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。如:
At last, her courage and _________(wise) impressed both the CEO and Princeton University. 答案:wisdom。解释:括号内提供的是形容词,但此空与前面的名词courage是并列成分,一起充当主语,所以要使用名词形式wisdom。
3、括号内提供的是名词
当括号内提供的是名词时,一般判断考查形容词,如:
There, my voice sounds really__________(wonder) because there’s a slight echo to it.
语法填空
答案:wonderful。解释:括号内提供的是名词,但此空作系动词sounds的表语,所以要使用形容词形式。
但有时也可能考查副词、动词等。如:
A certain man planted a rose and watered it________( faith) and before it blossomed, he examined it.
答案:faithfully。解释:括号内提供的是名词,但此空是作状语,修饰动词water,所以要变成副词。注意:先将名词faith变成形容词faithful,然后再变成副词faithfully。
【实例分析】
实例1:2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)
(break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his garage.
I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess's courtyard and that night one of When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward .
短文解读:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在外旅行的一次经历。大意是:在一个穷乡僻壤的小山村附近,作者的车坏了。幸运的是,他受到了村民的热情款待,并在一老太太家里度过了一个愉快的晚上。
【答案与解析】
1、答案:broke。解析:此处考查一般过去式及动词不规则变化的用法。句子属于典型句型be doing …when…结构,在when引导的句子中谓语要使用一般过去时,空格处单词是谓语功能,所以使用break的过去式broken。
2、答案:who。解析:此处考查宾语从句的引导词who的用法。空格前是介词短语 as to(至于、关于),空格后是谓语及宾语,根据句子结构,空格处明显是主语,而且指人,所以使用who,其引导的从句作介词短语as to的宾语。
3、答案:as。解析:此处考查短语的固定搭配用法。Receive sb as…意为“把某人当作、、、、、、来接待”,句意为“当我在怨天尤人、想着该到哪过夜时,我意识到聚集在我周围的村民正在争论谁有幸在家里接待我这个贵宾”。
4、答案:settled。解析:此处考查过去分词作宾补的用法。根据句子结构,句子的主语是she ,谓语是was getting,宾语是me,空格处单词是补语作用,逻辑主语me与settle是被动关系,即“被安置下来”,所以要使用过去分词。