Unit One
abandon vt. go away from( a person or thing or place) not intending to return; desert 放弃，抛弃 词组 abandon one‘s home 离弃家园
abandon one‘s wife 遗弃妻子 an abandoned baby 被抛弃的孩子 abandon one‘s research for lack of funds 由于缺乏资金放弃 abandon oneself to 沉溺于
ability n. capacity or power to do something physical or mental 能力 词组 to the best of one‘s ability 尽自己最大努力 例句 I believe your ability to bring out the best in others.
我相信你有充分发挥别人潜力的能力
able adj. having knowledge or skill; capable 有能力的， 能干的 反义词：unable 词组 be able to do sth
be capable of 有能力做某事
辨析 able capable 两个都指“有才能的”， able所指的意义，高过capable 一级,
如 an able man 能应付各种事情的人（指非常的），而a capable man 能应付自如的人（指寻常的）；capable也可以用于贬义，表示此人什么事都干得出来。
aboard adv. prep. on or into a ship, an aircraft, a train or a bus 在船（或飞机，车）上；
上船，登机, 在船（或飞机，车）上
词组 go aboard 上船（飞机） welcome aboard 请上船（飞机）
about prep. on the subject of (sb/sth); concerning or regarding关于；
around在周围；在各处；大约
adv. (indicating position, state, etc) here and there in (a place) 各处，周围 词组 be about to 刚要；正准备
例句 He was about to leave when it began to rain. 他刚要离开，这时开始下雨了。 How about…? What about…? 关于…怎么样？ How about going to watch a football game? 去看足球赛怎么样？ 辨析 be to do be going to do be about to do
be to do 表示计划或安排要做的事；
be going to do表示打算要做但还没有安排好何时做的事；
be about to do表示某时突然想要做某事或表示过去刚要做某事时另一件事发生了,
这时常与when词组连用。
例句 We are going to visit our former English teacher this winter holiday. 这个寒假我们打算去看看我们以前的英语老师。 We are to visit our English teacher on Feb 5th. 二月五日我们去看看我们的英语老师。
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I was about to leave home when the doorbell rang. 我刚要出门，这时门铃响了。
above prep. higher than something 在…上面；高于；超过 反义词：below adv. 在上面 词组 above all 最重要的是 above average 超过平均水平 as indicated above 如上所示 above-mentioned 上述的
absent adj. not present 缺席,心不在焉 反义词 present v. fml to keep oneself away （正式）缺席，不在 词组 be absent from 缺席 be present at 出席 absent-minded 心不在焉的 absent expression 茫然的表情 in the absence of = in one‘s absence 有谁不在场 in the presence of = in one‘s presence 有谁在场 展开 absence n. 反义词 presence
absolute adj. complete, total 十足的，道地的；绝对的，完全的 词组 an absolute idiot 十足的傻瓜 absolute power 绝对的权利 展开 absolutely adv. 完全地；极其
absorb vt. take sth in; include sth/sb as part of itself
吸收；接受；把…并入；吸引（注意力，精力等）
词组 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 （同）be lost in;
concentrate one‘s attention/ mind on focus one‘s mind/ attention on
abstract adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence
抽象的 反义词：concrete
an abstract noun抽象名词 n. 摘要，梗概 词组 in the abstract 抽象地说，一般地说
accept v. take (sth offered) willingly 接受，认可 adj. acceptable 可以接受的 辨析 receive 表示“收到”，而accept 表示“接受”，其反义词为refuse I received his invitation yesterday but I did not accept it. 昨天我受到了他的邀请，但是没有接受。 admit 表示“接纳”，“吸收”某人加入某一组织，团体等 Soon he was admitted to British citizenship. 不久之后他便被接受为英国公民。
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access
n. means of approaching or entering( a place) 通道；
opportunity or right to use sth or approach sth 接近；接近的机会；享用权
词组 a man of easy access 容易接近的人 have access to 可以到达（进入）；能够使用（接近） 例句 The only access to that building is along the muddy track. 进入那幢大楼的唯一通道就是这条泥泞的轨道。
Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case. 只有几个人可以获取这个案例的全部事实。 展开 accessible adj. 容易接近，得到或使用
accident n. event that happens unexpectedly and causes damages, injury, etc.意外事件，事故 词组 a traffic accident 交通事故 by accident 偶然 （同）by chance accidentally (反)on purpose
例句 He owes his success to a mere accident 他的成功出于偶然。 展开 accidental adj. 偶然的
accompany vt. to go with, as on a journey陪伴，陪同；
to happen or exist at the same time伴随，和…一起发生； to make supporting music for为…伴奏（或伴唱）
例句 I was accompanied to the airport by my wife. 妻子陪我到机场。 Suffering accompanied war. 灾难总是伴随着战争一起。 He sang a folk song, accompanied by his wife at the piano.
他唱了一首民歌，他妻子钢琴伴奏
展开 company n. 陪伴 keep sb. company 陪伴
accomplish v. to succeed in doing; finish successfully; perform 实行，完成 词组 accomplish one‘s purpose 达到目的 accomplish nothing 一事无成 accomplish wonders 创造奇迹 an accomplished young lady 多才多艺的少女 展开 accomplished adj. 熟练的，已完成的，有教养的 辨析 accomplish complete finish achieve fulfil accomplish—指通过努力完成（某一任务，使命），取得（成就），达到（目的）等 complete— 较accomplish更具体，指把建筑，工程，书籍等完成
finish— 指完成日常琐事，接动名词作“结束”讲，而complete则不能如此。
另外，finish指消极性的“完成”
辨析： I have finished the book. 我已读完这本书了。
I have completed the book. 我已写完这本书了。
fulfil— 完成（计划，任务），达到（目的），强调的是对预期的或保证过的事
情圆满完成，达到预想的目的和要求。 I had fulfilled many of my youthful ambitions.
我已实现了我年轻时的许多抱负。
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展开 achieve—指排除困难，完成伟大功业，取得成就。
according adv. 按照；根据 词组 according to 根据
accordingly adv. 相应地
account n. a written or spoken report; description记述，描述，报告
n. a record or statement of money received and paid out, as by a bank or business, esp. for a particular period or at a particular date账，帐户
n. 解释，说明 vi. account for 说明…的原因，是…的原因 vi. account for （在数量，比例方面）占 词组 give an account of 叙述；报告 pay one‘s account 付帐 keep accounts 记账 on account of 由于；因为 on no account 决不 take…into account = take account of = take into consideration 考虑 of no account 不重要的 on account 以赊帐方式 展开 accountant n. 会计人员
accuse v. to charge(someone)with doing wrong or breaking the law; blame 指责 词组 accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb.with sth. 控告某人 the accused 被告 the accuser 原告 展开 accusation n. 指责，控告
accustomed adj. being in the habit of; used to习惯于；
regular, usual 通常的，惯常的
词组 表示“习惯于” be (get, become, grow) accustomed to be (get, become, grow) used to （变得）习惯于 adapt oneself to adjust oneself to 使自己习惯于 accustom oneself to
例句 This is her accustomed hour to get up. 这是她惯常的起床时间
ache n. a continuous pain疼痛 vi. to have or suffer a continuous dull pain 疼痛，酸痛
合成词 toothache 牙疼
headache 头疼 stomachache 胃疼 辨析 ache pain hurt
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ache 指一种辨析持久的疼痛，或因小病或失调引起的感觉 I have an ache in my stomach. 我胃疼。 He is aching all over. 他浑身痛。 pain 指人体感到不舒服，是一般用语，可指身体或精神方面的痛 I have a sharp pain in the neck.. 我的颈部痛得很。 hurt 指身体或精神的伤害，指“疼痛”时，为不及物动词 What you have said hurt her. 你说的伤到她了。 My fingers still hurt now. 我的手指还在痛。
achieve vt. to finish successfully(esp. something, anything, nothing) 完成，实现，达到 vi. 成功 词组 achieve one‘s aim 达成目标 achieve nothing 一事无成 achieve success 成功 achieve a general increase in production 实现逐步增长 辨析 （见accomplish词条） 展开 achievement n. 成就，成绩
acquire vt. to get for oneself by one‘s own work, skill, action, etc.取得，获得；学到 词组 acquire a property 得到一笔财产 acquire a large vocabulary 学到大量词汇 acquire confidence 获得信心 辨析 acquire get obtain gain acquire 指（经过一个过程或通过自己的努力才）“获得”，“习得” get 为一般用语，表示“得”，“取得”等，常用在口语中 obtain 比get文雅些，指凭着努力，要求等而“得到” Further information can be obtained from our head office.
可以从我们总部获得更多信息
gain “取得”“赚得（利益等）”，含优势和成就等意味。 Nothing can be gained without an effort . 不劳则无获。
across prep. from one side to the other of穿过…， 横过…， 在…的对面 adv. 从 边到另一边；宽，横 词组 come across = run across 碰到某人或遭遇某事 get across 惹（某人）不高兴 put across 哄骗（使相信或接受） get sth. across 使人理解,领会 put sth. across 讲清楚，使人听懂 The stream is 6 feet across. 这条小溪六尺宽。 He was unable to get across to the group what he meant.他无法让人了解他什么意思。 We must learn how to put our ideas across. 我们必须学会讲清楚我们的观点。 辨析 across through across 指平面的穿过; through 指空间或内部的穿过
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