辨析
同样用法的词：
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 permit doing 允许做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing 禁止做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing 建议做某事 allow permit allow 强调主观
The nurse allowed the visitors to remain beyond the hospital visiting hours, though it was not permitted.
尽管医院不允许，但护士还是同意探视者逗留超过探视时间。
permit 强调客观 If time permits, we‘ll go for an outing. 如果时间允许的话，我们就去郊游。 词组 allow for 考虑到，顾及，为…留出余地 allow of 容许，容许有…的可能 展开 allowance n. 津贴，补贴
almost adv. nearly, not quite 几乎，差不多 辨析 almost nearly mostly almost 与no, none, nothing, never 连用 Almost no one believes her. 几乎每人相信她。 nearly 不可与上述词连用，而用not nearly 根本不是 It‘s not nearly so easy as you think. 远没有你想象的那么简单。 mostly则等于 almost all The audience are mostly students. 观众大多是学生。
alone adj. only, exclusively 仅仅（用于名词或代词后）；
without any companions 单独的
adv. 单独地 辨析 lonely alone
lonely 是形容词有“寂寞的”“孤单的”之意，既可做定语，也可做表语；还表示“荒凉的，人迹稀少的”
Come over and see me. I‘m feeling a bit lonely.过来看我吧，我有点寂寞。 a lonely mountain village 荒凉的山村
alone 往往和心情无关，指独自一人，可做形容词也可做副词，做形容词表示仅仅 She lives on tea and cakes when she is alone.她一个人时就以茶饼当饭。 Man alone has the gift of speech. 只有人类有说话的天赋。 词组 leave alone 不打扰，不惊动 let alone 不打扰，不惊动；更别提，更不用说
along prep. from one end to or towards the other end of (sth) 沿着，循着 adv. onward, forward 向前地
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词组 all along 始终，一直 along with 和…一道，和…一起 get along 进行，进展；相处
alternative adj. available in place of sth else; other 两者择一的，供选择的；
n. choice of two or more possibilities 两者（或在两者以上间）择一，抉择；
供选择的东西，供替代的抉择
词组 alternative road 另一条路 alternative fuel 可替代燃料 have no alternative but to do = have no choice but to do 别无选择除了做。。。
although conj. n spite of the fact that; even if 虽然，尽管 辨析 although though
1. though 可用做副词，做修饰性状语，（一般放在句末），表示“但是”，although
则不能。
He said he would do it; he didn‘t, though. 他说他要做这件事，可是他没有做。
2．as though, even though 结构中不能用although
注 although和though不能与but同用,可用yet, still, nevertheless替代
Though he lives alone, yet he is happy. 他虽然独自生活，却很愉快。
amaze vt. fill (sb) with great surprise or wonder 使惊异，使大为惊奇 展开 同义词：surprise astonish
注: 此三词都是及物动词，但这三个词一般以事物或他人做主语，以人做宾语。
如果以人做主语时用 be + V+ed形式 I was amazed to find her there. 见到她在那儿，我很惊讶。
amazing adj. = surprising = astonishing 令人吃惊的
amazing news 令人吃惊的消息
amazingly adv. 惊人地
amazement n. = surprise = astonishment 惊讶
to one‘s amazement/ surprise /astonishment 使感到惊讶的是
among prep. amongst 在…中间；在…之中 辨析 among between among 指三者或三者以上 between指两者之间或两两之间 New York is among the largest cities in the world.纽约是世界上最大城市之一。 drinks between meals 餐间饮料
amount n. total sum or value 数量，总数 vi. 合计 词组 amount to 总计达（见词条add） a large amount of 大量的（修饰不可数名词）
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=large amounts of the amount of …的数量（不可数名词） 展开 “大量，许多的”词组 a large number of 大量的（修饰可数名词） the number of …的数量（可数名词） a large quantity of = 大量的（修饰可数，不可数名词） large quantities of the quantity of …的数量（可数或不可数名词） a lot of = 大量的（修饰可数，不可数名词）
lots of
plenty of 大量的（修饰可数，不可数名词） a good / great many 大量的（修饰可数名词）
注：这些词组修饰可数名词做主语，谓语动词用复数，修饰不可数名词，谓语动词
用单数。
但large quantities of 和large amounts of修饰不可数名词，谓语动词和amounts, quantities保持一致，用复数。
Large amounts of waste water have been poured into the river without being cleaned.
and conj. also, in addition和 词组 and so on = and so forth 等等 and vice versa 反过来也一样 and yet 但是…
angry adj. filled with anger 生气，发怒 词组 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 be angry at sth. 为某事生气 be angry to do 生气地… quiver with anger 因生气而发抖
anger n. 怒，愤怒 vt.使发怒，激怒 angrily adv.生气地
announce vt. make sth known publicly 宣布，通告 辨析 announce declare
announce “宣布”，含有“预告”之意。如书籍的出版，物品的发售，人的生
死，婚姻，暴风雨和危险的来临等。
declare 公开“宣布”，“宣称”，如战争，和平，戒严等。 declare war upon 向…宣战 the declaration of independence 独立宣言 展开 announcement n.宣布，通告
announcer n. 广播员，解说员
annoy vt. cause slight anger to sb; irritate 使烦恼，打扰
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辨析
annoy bother disturb
annoy “烦恼”，指干扰，不顺利或受不了某种外界情况而感到“烦” He was annoyed with his naughty son. 他淘气的儿子令他生气。 bother 指不停的“扰乱”，“麻烦”，是人不能安宁。它强调动作，不强调由此产生
的心理。
I‘m sorry to have bothered you. 对不起打扰你了。
disturb “干扰”，妨碍”，指由于外界的干扰，使本来安宁或正常的秩序被打乱，
而使人一时不能全神贯注地做某事
That thing disturbs my serenity. 那件事扰乱了我的宁静。 展开 annoyance n. 烦恼，讨厌的人或事
annoying adj. 讨厌的
another pron./ adj. an additional (person, thing) 再一个，另一的 词组 one after another 一个接一个；相继 one another 互相（三者以上） each other 互相（两者间）
answer vt./ n. thing said, written or done as a response or reaction 回答，答复 同义词：reply 词组 in answer to 作为对…的回答 answer for 对…付有责任 answer the need of 满足…的需要 answer to 符合，适合；对…有反应
anxious adj. feeling anxiety; worried; uneasy 焦虑的，急切的，渴望的 辨析 anxious eager anxious 指因焦虑而担心，因此渴望… eager 仅指渴望…无担心之意 词组 be anxious to do 很想做某事 be anxious for/ about 渴望…，为…而担心 例句 We are anxious to know the result of the Entrance Examination. 我们急着要知道高考的结果。 He is eager for success. 他渴望成功。
anything pron. any one thing, everything 任何事，任何东西 词组 anything but 绝对不（辨析nothing but表示“仅仅” for anything （否定句中）无论如何 例句 The novel is anything but vivid. 这部小说一点也不生动。 Alone at home, I felt nothing but lonely. 一个人在家，我就是感到孤单。 I wouldn‘t miss the party for anything. 我无论如何都不会错过那个晚会。
apart to or at a distance adv. 分开，分隔开 辨析 apart from 除…之外（别无），除…之外（还有） fall apart 崩溃，破碎
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set apart 留出 tell/ know apart 区分开
apologize v. make an apology 道歉 词组 apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. （同上） 展开 apology n. 道歉
appeal vi. make an earnest request 呼吁；控诉；
be attractive or interesting (to sb) 有吸引力
n. earnest reply 呼吁；吸引力 词组 appeal to 呼吁，请求；对…吸引力，投…所好 例句 The police are appealing to the public for information about this crime. 警察呼吁公众提供这件罪案的线索。 This picture doesn‘t appeal to the youth. 这张画对年轻人没有什么吸引力。
appear vi. come into view; become visible 出现，显得；好像 辨析 appear look seem appear 强调外表上给人某种印象，有时含有实质上并非如此之意。 He appears to know more than he really does. 他看起来好像懂很多，其实不然。 look 暗示有一定根据的判断。 The problem seems very complicated. 问题仿佛很复杂。 seem 着重由视觉而得出的印象。 He looked as if he was worried. 他看上去仿佛很着急。 展开 appearance n. 出现；外观，外貌
appetite n. physical desire, esp. for food or pleasure 食欲, 后常跟 for 词组 have a poor appetite 胃口不好 an appetite for power/ knowledge 权势（求知）欲 lose one‘s appetite 食欲减退 to one‘s appetite 投其所好
appliance n. instrument or device for a specific purpose 器具，用具，器械 词组 medical appliance 医疗器具 electrical appliance 电器 household appliance 家用器具 辨析 appliance instrument equipment facility appliance 强调器械，用具 instrument 尤指精密仪器，乐器， 如： musical instrument 用具乐器
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