第一讲 教材及课程介绍
A. 教材及课程介绍：
英语二教程实际上是《大学英语自学教程下册》，是非英语专业参加自学考试的学生本科阶段的公共课。本课程包括较系统的英语语法知识。该课程的目的是通过全面、系统的学习使学习者能比较熟练地掌握英语基础知识和语言技能，做到具有较好的阅读能力、一定的英译汉能力和初步的听、说、写以及翻译的技能，为获取专业所需要的信息及进一步提高英语水平打下扎实的基础。从它在所有科目中所占有14分的分值来看，这门课不容易，但不等于不可能过去。要想通过该门课程，关键在于持之以恒，首先要踏踏实实学好、学透教材（请一定要买一本教材！），其次才是量力而做一定数量的练习。应该说良好的正确的学习方法，是成功的关键。在这里我作为一名在自考战线的老教师希望，每一位学员不仅能从我的课上获益而且开心！
命题形式
B.命题形式：
试题包括客观性试题（大家俗称的选择题），和主观性试题，各占50%。其中具体试题类型有：词汇与结构（单选），完形填空，阅读理解，单词拼写，单词形式填空，中译英和英译中。如上七大题型要求考生在2小时30分钟内完成。
C.网校课程设置以及上课主要内容：英语二精讲班课程共54讲，前50讲我会按照历年考试的重要考点给大家串讲课文、讲解重要语法知识。今年该版本的课件我新增加了一个环节，即，历年本单元曾出现过的部分真题。增加该内容的目的是想通过对真题的讲解，让各位提早了解哪些单元容易出题，可以将更多的注意力放在这里！后两讲给大家两套模拟题，作为对所学知识的检测。
Read the text and new words
Unit one Text A: What Is a Decision?(***)
Ⅱ.Read the text and new words(先读课文和单词)
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Ⅲ.重点单词扩充讲解： 1. organizational: a 组织上的
由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织； organization: n 组织； organizer: n 组织者 请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：
1). Next week, our school ________ a spoken English competition(竞赛). 2). The task calls for the highest _________ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade __________. 4). He is the __________ of the speech contest.
Answers: will organize, organizational, Organization, organizer
objective
2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的
3. predict: v 预言、预示；
由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言； predictable: a 可预测的； predictor: n 预言家
4. simplify: v 简化
由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的； simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地； simplification: n 简化； simplified: a 被简化的。
Exercises for the above words:
1). The machine is _____ in operation （操作）but complex（复杂的） in structure.（结构） 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original（原版） is beyond our capacity while ____ edition（版本） is quite easy.
3). There is no point in arguing （争论）about it, because it is _______ a question of procedure.（手续、程序）
4). The ______ of working process freed （解放）the workers from heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification
第二讲 tendency
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5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于。。。， tend to do sth e.g. Old people have the tendency of getting fatter. 也可以说Old people tend to get fatter.
6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；
由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营； management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；
manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。
7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argue with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论； argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事； argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不要做某事。
e.g. 1>. The young couple always argue with each other over their child?s education. 2>. I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.
8. define: v 给…下定义； definition: n 定义
9. profitability: n 赚钱， 获利
由此我们可以联想到：profit: n 利润； profitable: a 有利可图的, 有好处的； profitless: a 没有利润的。
1). He has made a _____ from running (经营)a small restaurant. 2). The deal（买卖） was ______ to all of us.
3). They valued（估计） _______ differently, which led to disagreement （分歧）as to the correctness of decision.
Answer: profit, profitable; profitability.
10. correctness: n 正确性； 字根：correct: a 正确的； v 纠正， correction: n 纠正； incorrect: a 不正确的。
11. unintended: a 非计划中的，
由此我们可以联想到：intend: v 打算，计划；intention: n ； intended: a 计划中的
1). Her ______ to help was good, but she was only in our way.
2). The shot which was ____ for the president killed the Minister of Foreign Affairs（外交部长).
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3). Commercialization（商业化） is said to be the ____ consequence of advertising on TV.
Answers: intention; intended; unintended
课文难句讲解、分析
Ⅳ.文难句讲解、分析：
1. A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.(p1) 译：决策就是从几种可以选择的做法中作出选择。
分析：该句是主系表结构。made from among alternative courses of action that are available是过去分词短语做定语修饰a choice; 其中that are available是定语从句修饰courses of action.
像这样一环修饰一环的句子结构在英文中很普遍，因此为了看懂句子大家必须学会分析。这是整个英语学习过程中很重要的能力！
2. The reason for making a decision is that a problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in the way of accomplishing them. (p1)
译：做出决策的原因是因为存在问题，目标或目的有错误，或者有某种东西防碍着它们的实现。 分析：该句又是主系表结构。That引导三个并列的表语从句，①a problem exists，②goals or objectives are wrong；③something is standing in the way of accomplishing them。
短语：make a decision:做出决策；stand in the way: 阻挡、防碍
第3句
3. Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance, but since uncertainty is always there, risk accompanies decisions. (p2)
译：通常管理者必须对未来的情况做出最佳预测，从而使偶然性尽可能少地发生，但因为不确定性总是存在，所以决策常伴随着风险。
分析：前半句是主谓宾结构。what the future will be是at的宾语；as little as possible做leave的宾语；since引导原因状语从句，相当于because.
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4. If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made. (p3) 译：如果没有选择，就不会有决策。
分析：这是一句很简单的条件状语从句，但它有一个很重要的考点：to be made。这是动词不定式做定语修饰decision，有将来意味。比如：The last question to be discussed today is how to divide the work among ourselves.
5. For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like. (p3)
译：对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律以及惯例等因素制约。
分析：这句话的考点是based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like。同样是过去分词短语做定语修饰constraints。其中词组：base…on以。。。为基础。 如：The film is based on s short story by Jack London.
第6句
6. But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives. (p4) 译：但是这种简化的倾向使得他们看不到其他可供选择的方法。
分析：该句主语the tendency to simplify，谓语blinds; them是宾语。to simplify是定语，修饰the tendency；to other alternatives是宾补。其中短语：blind sb to sth:使。。。看不见。。。；
We shouldn?t let our prejudices blind us to the facts.
7. Because individuals (and organizations) frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals, the best choice may depend on who makes the decision. (p6 line 4--6)
译：因为个人（和组织）关于如何达到目的常有不同的观点，哪种是最优的选择可能要看是谁做出决策。
分析：这是一个由because引导的原因状语从句。其中how to attain the goals做介词about的宾语，who makes the decision做介词on的宾语。
8. Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary from person to person and from department to department. (p7 line 2--4)
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