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（4）在陈述句中为了强调地点，也可将介词短语提至句首。如：
In the tree, there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。
（5）there be结构的句型转换
① 否定句：there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成。如果句中有some, 要变成any。如：
There are some children in the picture.→ There aren’t any children in the picture.
② 一般疑问句及其答语：把be提到there前，首字母大写，句末用问号即可。如果句中有some, 要变成any。其肯定答语是Yes，there is/are; 否定答语为No，there isn’t/aren’t。如：
There are some cats in the tree. → Are there any cats in the tree?
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
③特殊疑问句及其回答：（A）提问句子的主语（包括主语前的修饰语）时，句型一律用“What is +地点介词短语？”（无论主语是单数还是复数都用is）。如：
There are some birds in the tree. → What’s in the tree?
(B) 提问可数名词（主语）前的数量时，用how many, 句型结构为：“How many+复数名词+are there+其他？”（主语无论是单数还是复数，be通常要用are）。如： → How many cats are there under the bed?
注：同样表示“有”，“have”表示人拥有，而“there be”句型表示某地、某时存在什么事物或人。
2. some和any的用法
some用于肯定句（陈述句），any用于否定句或者一般疑问句。但当我们很客气地向别人提出邀请、建议,希望别人给予肯定回答时，用some。如：
Would you like some tea? 你想喝些茶吗？
3. can是情态动词，后面应用动词原形。如：Helen can sing.
4. 动词、介词后用代词宾格。如：follow me, listen to him。
5. a lot of=lots of=many 如：a lot of books=lots of books=many books
巩固练习
一、单项选择。
（ ）1. There ______ some bread and some pies in the fridge.
A. am B. is C. are
（ ）2. There _______ any books in the desk.
A. are B. aren’t C. isn’t
（ ）3. ---What ______ in your desk?---There are some books.
A. be B. are C. is
( ) 4. I can play ____ basketball. She can play_____ guitar.
A. the, the B. /, the C. the, /
( ) 5. Here ______ a box of cakes for you.
A. is B. are C. has
（ ） 6. Why don’t you have ______noodles?
A. some B. any C. a
二、按要求改写句子。
1. There are some children in the playground. (改为否定句)
There _________ _________ children in the playground.