人大在职研究生专业外语试题(2013年版)全,带答案。
而言，经济全球化既是机遇，又是挑战。发展中国家应当调整发展战略，加快改革开放进程，以实现经济的快速增长与发展。
Since the 1990s, economic globalization is developing rapidly and has become the new trend of the world economic development. While economic globalization promotes the production, trade and investment in the world, but the economic gap between developing and developed countries has not been reduced, on the contrary, further expansion. Therefore, for developing countries, economic globalization is not only an opportunity, but also a challenge. Developing countries should adjust development strategy, speed up the process of Reform and Opening-up , in order to achieve rapid economic growth and development.
Ⅲ. Writing ( 500 ~ 550 words ) ( 40 marks )
Explain how to realize the transformation of China's economic development mode in the near future.
After developing rapidly for over 30 years, China’s economy find itself difficult to support its future growth with the original extensive growth mode marked by substantial input of production factors and export-driven growth pattern. To realize the transformation of China's economic development mode in the near future, China should focus on the following 3 aspects:
To solve the dislocation problem of governments at all levels in economic activities
China is still in the stage of economic transition, in which many government departments have huge resource allocation rights. With the current tax system and official assessment index system and promotion system, local government officials have strong intentions to intervene the economy, which gives rise to local government officials to pursue short-term economic growth performance and despise long-term development potential, to pursue local interests and ignore overall interests, to pursue GDP growth and ignore environmental quality and other social development indicators, and to pursue model project and despise the livelihood of the people. Therefore, China should carry out reform in tax system and official performance assessment system to overcome the distorted phenomenon of local government’s behaviors and to make local governments the maker of systems and regulations to overcome the problem of incomplete market system, the server of micro-economic main bodies, the provider of public goods, the pusher of education, innovation and environment protection, and the regulator of social distribution.
2．To improve the science and technology innovation system and to promote the reform of education and scientific research departments
The key to transform the mode of economic development is to depend on scientific and technological developments for economic growth. Because science and technology is long-lasting and highly risky with strong economic externalities, Chinese government should both consider the effective results of economic externalities and protect the interests of innovators to construct the institutional environment for innovation encouragement. Meanwhile, it should make