阅读理解
(2017·日照中考)
四、阅读理解(共15小题，计30分)
阅读下列材料，然后从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A
Artist Tries to Solve the Smog Problem Beijing is a city often covered with smog. Many people are looking for ways to solve it. A Dutch artist has made a tower that takes in smog and gives off clean air. This tower is 7 meters tall and is the biggest air cleaner in the world, according to chinanews. com. It can clean the air in an area the size of a soccer field in 36 hours. Beijing has been testing the tower since January. But some experts don't think this tower can truly work. It's more of an art piece to raise people's awareness(意识) of air protection, they said. People will know if the tower works when the results come out. Teens
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The World's Worst Traffic If we travel in big cities, it's very likely that we will come across traffic jams, which often make us complain(抱怨). But people in Bangkok, Thailand, have more to complain about. This is because Bangkok has the worst evening rush hour traffic in the world, according to a GPS company in Europe. Each year, the company will work out a list of the world's most congested(拥堵的) cities. The results are based on statistics(数据) of 390 cities across the world. This year, Chinese cities Chongqing and Zhuhai are also on the list. The list aims to help drivers and cities understand the traffic trends(趋势) and take actions to improve the bad traffic. Teens 2
46．Who comes up with the idea of building the tower？( )
A．An artist. B．A scientist. C．An expert. D．chinanews. com. 47．Some experts think the tower ． A．really works well B．needs more tests
C．is like a soccer field D．is more of an art piece
48．According to Passage 2, is the city with the worst traffic this year. A．Bangkok B．Chongqing C．Zhuhai D．Beijing 49．The list in Passage 2 mainly aims to ． A．offer statistics
B．describe the traffic in Thailand C．help cities better their traffic
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D．call on people to ride bikes 50．The passages above are ． A．posters B．ads
C．news D．notices
B
Many kids help parents to do chores in the house. They may take out the trash, walk the dog or sweep the floor. In return, some kids get money or other rewards from their parents, such as 20 minutes to play computer games.
But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. One of them is Jane Smith, a parenting educator and family coach. She believes if kids get rewards, they may think that work isn't worth doing
unless you get something in return. For example, kids won't sweep the floor if they see it is dirty. But they will do it if their parents reward them for it.
“Every house is a team effort，” Jane said. “A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have a responsibility to keep our home clean. ”
Other people hold different opinions. They believe that money or other rewards encourage kids to do more chores. It also teaches them real world lessons. They can learn about how we need to work to make money.
Now, there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores. The apps give kids points and digital(电子的) gifts that can be used either online or in life. With the app ChoreMonster, kids earn digital points after doing chores. Kids can exchange their points for real rewards, such as time to play video games or a trip to the mall. “Our goal is to encourage kids so they can earn rewards，” says Joe Black, founder of ChoreMonster. “Kids need positive(积极的) power to make them do chores. ”
51．Jane Smith thinks that ． A．housework isn't worth doing
B．kids are not willing to do chores C．kids should get something in return
D．kids shouldn't get rewards for doing chores 52．ChoreMonster is a(n) ．
A．educator B．coach C．app D．app founder 53．If rewarded for doing chores, kids can learn to ． A．take responsibilities B．use apps well
C．make money through work D．understand team effort
54．What's the purpose of the apps mentioned in the passage？( ) A．To give kids points and gifts. B．To encourage kids to do chores.
C．To exchange points for real rewards. D．To give kids advice on doing chores. 55．The passage mainly talks about ． A．how to encourage kids to do chores B．what kind of chores kids should do C．if kids should do chores at home
D．whether kids should be rewarded for doing chores
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C
Thinking is something you choose to do, just as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to be always thinking. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your own ideas, or you might be controlled by others' ideas. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
The word “critical” here has a special meaning. It doesn't mean taking one opinion against another, as when someone criticizes(批评) another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond(超出) what you easily see—beyond the pictures on TV or reports in newspapers.
What are critical thinkers like? If you want to know about life and hope to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
Critical thinking is a deep and careful thinking. It takes time, and doesn't go with the fast speed in today's world. If you are among people who believe speed is a measure of intelligence(智力测量), you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Hoffman, a well-known scientist, talked with Einstein about his work, he was too nervous to speak. But Einstein got him relaxed right away by saying, “Please go slowly. I don't understand things quickly. ”
56．According to the passage, if we don't think critically, ． A．it will be hard for us to think fast B．we will make mistakes easily
C．we might be fooled by other people
D．we might be controlled by others' ideas
57．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2？( ) A．Don't believe in others. B．Criticizing others is wrong.
C．What the word “critical” means.
D．The word “critical” is quite special.
58．If you are a critical thinker, you will ． A．think deeply about different ideas B．believe the reports in newspapers C．take one opinion against another
D．criticize other people for their mistakes
59．The story of Einstein mentioned in the passage shows . A．Einstein thinks quickly B．Hoffman thinks slowly
C．speed can improve intelligence
D．intelligence is not decided by speed
60．What can be the best title of the passage？( ) A．Critical Thinkers B．Critical Thinking C．Thinking Naturally D．Thinking Fast
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参考答案
46．A 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．C
细节理解题。由选文一第一段的第三句话可知是一位艺术家提出了此想法。
细节理解题。由选文一第二段的第二、三句话可知有些专家认为这座塔更像是一件艺术品。 细节理解题。由选文二第二段的第一句话可知曼谷的交通情况最糟糕。
主旨大意题。由选文二的最后一句话可知这个名单意在帮助城市改善交通情况。 推理判断题。由文章内容可推断选文类型应为新闻。
B
51．D 细节理解题。由第二段前两句话可知Jane Smith认为不应该给做家务的孩子奖励。 52．C 细节理解题。由最后一段第三句可知这是一个app。
53．C 细节理解题。由第四段最后一句话可知奖励可以告诉孩子工作挣钱的道理。 54．B 细节理解题。由最后两句话可知这款app的主要目的是鼓励孩子做家务。 55．D 主旨大意题。通读文章可知，文章讨论了孩子做家务应不应该受到奖励。
C
56．D 细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句话可知，如果我们不具有批判性思维，我们很可能会被别人的思维控制。
57．C 段落大意题。由第二段第一句话和段落大意可知本段主要讨论了“critical”的含义。
58．A 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话可知，一个具有批判性思维的人会对不同观点进行深入思考。 59．D 细节理解题。由最后一段第三句可知智力的高低不取决于思考的速度。 60．B 主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了什么是批判性思维，故选B项。
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