电动汽车光伏充电桩的研究与设计
5.结束语
通过前面章节的研究，从电动汽车的发展引出充电站对于电动汽车的发展是有极大的推广促进作用。着重研究应用于电动汽车充电站的各种已经被采用的能源优势，发现了如果使用传统电力的充电站就会破坏原本电动汽车产生使所带有的“节能环保”光环，那么这个时候我们就会反思：电动汽车的产生有意义吗？
试图解决传统电力的电动汽车充电站产生的环境污染难题，在研究中发现了几种清洁能源，能够完全做到零排放。比如太阳能、风能、氢能等等，从这几种能源的特性、开发利用的技术水平、优缺点多个方面进行研究对比，最后得到了利用太阳能能源来替代传统电网发电，建设太阳能电动汽车充电站被认为是最理想的充电站方案。
本论文的研究方向在利用太阳能为电动汽车充电的基础上进一步分析发展，为了在太阳能充电站这一产品生更加能体现出产品设计特性，使充电站能满足智能化、人性化的特点，做到以人为本的设计初衷，我们对充电站的设计方案作了深入的探讨。该充电站里的电源输出装置和快速充电桩从理论上分析就是太阳能电动汽车充电站的重点设计部分，有了这两个部分产品才能完成这个设计的理念，才能达到是一个完整的体系，于是这两个部分就成为了设计的重点也是该设计的光彩点，所有的无需人的行为方式都是通过它来实现的。随着研究的不断深入和智能化的不断发展，对于太阳能充电站本身来说，要被称之为 “好的设计”的产品，本身必然是人，环境，经济，技术等等多种因素有机的组合，并且能相互找到平衡点的产物。
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参考文献
1.王受之.世界现代设计史[M]北京:中国青年出版社,2002(3):43一48 2.刘志伟.日本、美国、欧盟新能源汽车产业政府扶持措施研究[D]河北大学,2010
3.崔容强,喜文华,魏一康等.太阳能光伏发电[J].太阳能,2004(4):72一76. 4.张金波,康云龙.可再生能源并网发电仿真[J].电工技术杂志,2004(11),58一60.
5.周志敏等. 充电器电路设计与应用. 北京：人民邮电出版社,2005. 6.孙兴中.电动汽车蓄电池混合能源充电技术的研究[D]广东工业大学,2011 7.沈丹.电动汽车电池组单体电池管理系统研究[D].上海：同济大学汽车学院，2008.
8.Brian Russell,Tristram Shepard.Product Design[M]Cheltenham,Nelson Thornes,2006
9.Tomohiko I.Charging operation with high energy ef-ficiency for electric vehicle valve regulated lead-acidbattery system[J]. J Power Sources, 2000,91(1):130-136.
10.徐曼珍. 新型蓄电池原理与应用[M]. 北京：人民邮电出版社,2005 11.徐晓丹，白志峰. 关于密封铅酸蓄电池充放电电路的研究[J]. 通信电源技术，2010,
12.钟静宏 , 张乘宁 , 张旺 . 电动汽车的铅酸蓄电池快速脉冲充电系统 [J]. 电源技术 ,2006,30(6):504-506.
13.汤秀芬 , 米晨 , 魏凤兰 .VRLA 蓄电池用慢脉冲快速充电器的设计 [J]. 电源技术 ,2008,32(1):56-58.
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电动汽车光伏充电桩的研究与设计
致谢词
随着论文的完成，我的大学学习生涯也即将结束。回首这四年，我学到许多知识，为我以后学习、研究和工作打下了基础。在论文的完成过程中，得到了很多人的热情帮助，在他们的帮助和鼓励下，我克服了许多困难，最终完成了课题的研究。
首先我要衷心地感谢我的指导老师贾敏副教授。在做论文的过程中，贾老师悉心指导、循循善诱，一步步地启发我的思路，而且不辞辛劳，帮助我解决了一些遇到的困难，每次都使我有很大的收获。论文定稿过程中，贾老师一次次在百忙之中抽出时间仔细审阅论文，从结构、布局到格式、用词，贾老师都提出了许多宝贵的建议并最终使我的论文得以顺利完成。贾老师严谨细致、一丝不苟的治学作风是我学习的楷模，同时我对贾老师诲人不倦的工作作风表示诚挚的敬意。
感谢我的老师，不仅教了我专业知识，而且还教了我怎样学习、做人做事，使我受益匪浅。同时他们为我提供了宽松的学习环境，使我有机会学习更多的知识。我还要感谢在学习和生活上帮助和支持过我的同学们，是他们使我的大学过得更有意义。
离开校园，并不意味着我学习生活的结束，这是一个新的起点。我要以新的成就来回报学校和老师对我的关爱。
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山东科技大学学士学位论文
附录
Solar Tracker
The Solar Tracker team was formed in the fall of 2005 from five students in an ME design team, and a Smart House liaison. We continued the work of a previous solar tracker group. The task was to design a prototype tracking device to align solar panels optimally to the sun as it moves over the course of the day. The implementation of such a system dramatically increases the efficiency of solar panels used to power the Smart House. This report examines the process of designing and constructing the prototype, the experiences and problems encountered, and suggestions for continuing the project.
1.Introduction
Solar tracking is the process of varying the angle of solar panels and collectors to take advantage of the full amount of the sun‘s energy. This is done by rotating panels to be perpendicular to the sun‘s angle of incidence. Initial tests in industry suggest that this process can increase the efficiency of a solar power system by up to 50%. Given those gains, it is an attractive way to enhance an existing solar power system. The goal is to build a rig that will accomplish the solar tracking and realize the maximum increase in efficiency. The ultimate goal is that the project will be cost effective – that is, the gains received by increased efficiency will more than offset the one time cost of developing the rig over time. In addition to the functional goals, the Smart House set forth the other following goals for our project: it must not draw external power (self-sustaining), it must be aesthetically pleasing, and it must
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电动汽车光伏充电桩的研究与设计
be weatherproof.
The design of our solar tracker consists of three components: the frame, the sensor, and the drive system. Each was carefully reviewed and tested, instituting changes and improvements along the design process. The frame for the tracker is an aluminum prismatic frame supplied by the previous solar tracking group. It utilizes an ?A-frame‘ design with the rotating axle in the middle. Attached to the bottom of this square channel axle is the platform which will house the main solar collecting panels. The frame itself is at an angle to direct the panels toward the sun (along with the inclination of the roof). Its rotation tracks the sun from east to west during the day.
The sensor design for the system uses two small solar panels that lie on the same plane as the collecting panels. These sensor panels have mirrors vertically attached between them so that, unless the mirror faces do not receive any sun, they are shading one of the panels, while the other is receiving full sunlight. Our sensor relies on this difference in light, which results in a large impedance difference across the panels, to drive the motor in the proper direction until again, the mirrors are not seeing any sunlight, at which point both solar panels on the sensor receive equal sunlight and no power difference is seen.
After evaluation of the previous direct drive system for the tracker, we designed a belt system that would be easier to maintain in the case of a failure. On one end of the frame is a motor that has the drive pulley attached to its output shaft. The motor rotates the drive belt which then rotates the pulley on the axle. This system is simple and easily disassembled. It is easy to interchange motors as needed for further testing and also allows for optimization of the final
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