河北工程大学
理学学士学位论文
论文题目:北方城市广场光环境研究 论文作者:王伟
学 号:060470206 专 业:应用物理 指导老师:熊红彦(教授)
河北工程大学学士学位论文
摘 要
随着我国城市经济建设的高速发展,城市环境的日益改善,作为城市环境建设的重要环节城市光环境也越来越受到城市建设者和管理者的高度重视。广场作为城市空间的重要节点,它不仅是展现和宣传城市文化、民俗、风貌等的主要窗口也是人们室外活动空间的重要组成部分,但由于目前国内在这一领域的研究尚未比较系统、完整地论述,没有形成统一结论,缺乏有力的理论指导广场照明实践导致城市广场灯光环境整体感不强,亮度失调造成光污染以及能源的浪费,照明设计缺乏地域文化特点,城市文化品位及内涵缺失等工程实践问题。
因此,为了进步提高人们夜间的公共休闲生活质量,景观照明进行理论研究具有十分重要的现意义。本文首先引入城市广场的发展历史及现状问题。其次,研究分析城市广场景观照明理论,力求从理论上构建一个科学、系统、合理的景观照明设计原则与方法。最后,通过论述北方城市广场夜景设计原则及各种功能广场的设计方法,对论文提出的景观照明光构成设计原则和方法进行研究。
关键词:城市广场;光构成;生理因素;心理因素;文化表现
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河北工程大学学士学位论文
Abstract
With the rapid development of urban economic development, improve the urban environment, urban environment as an important part of building the city of light environment more and more builders and city managers are highly valued. Piazza Di important node urban space, not only of demonstrating and advocacy urban culture, folklore, style, etc. The main window also indications that people outside an important part of space, but owing to the current research in this area has not yet Systematically and complete manner discourse, there is no unified conclusion, the lack of a strong theoretical guidance to square lighting practice leading to the city square lighting environment as a whole feeling is not strong, bright disorders caused by light pollution and energy waste, lighting design lack of geographical and cultural characteristics, Urban Culture, and content loss and other engineering practice problem.
Therefore, in order to progress in improving people's quality of life at night in public recreation, landscape lighting theoretical studies are very important significance. This paper introduces the history of the City Square and status issues. Secondly, the study of theory of city square landscape lighting, and strive to build a scientific theory, systems, and rational design principles and methods of landscape lighting. Finally, discusses the design pR)lciples of the North Night and the City Square Plaza, the desicn features of the landscape lighting light paper presents the design principles of form and metèods of research.
Keywords: Town Square; light form; physiological factors; Psychological factors; Cultural expressions
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河北工程大学学士学位论文
摘 要 ....................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. II 前言............................................................................................................................. IV 第一章 城市广场的历史,现状及问题 ..................................................................... 1 1.城市广场的历史 .................................................................................................. 1 2.城市广场夜景发展 .............................................................................................. 1 3.广场光环境的现状及问题 .................................................................................. 2 3.1. 缺乏整体规划 ................................................................................................. 2 3.2.缺乏特色 ........................................................................................................... 3 3.3.缺乏统一的标准和规范 ................................................................................... 5 3.4.缺乏对照明设备的维修管理 ........................................................................... 5 3.5.缺乏节能措施 ................................................................................................... 5 第二章 广场照明理论 ................................................................................................. 7 1.光源 ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.色温 ................................................................................................................... 7 1.2显色性 ............................................................................................................... 7 1.3光照度 ............................................................................................................... 8 2.照明生理因素 ......................................................................................................... 8 2.1视觉系统的明暗适应 ....................................................................................... 9 2.2视觉系统的眩光 ............................................................................................. 10 3视觉心理因素与照度水平、色温的关系 ........................................................... 10 第三章 北方城市广场夜景设计原则 ....................................................................... 12 第四章 北方城市广场景观各组成要素的照明 ....................................................... 14 1.广场的围合 ........................................................................................................ 14 2.广场的形态 ........................................................................................................ 16 3.广场的设施 ........................................................................................................ 16 4.广场的质地 ........................................................................................................... 18 5.广场的尺度 ........................................................................................................... 22 第五章 根据广场的功能营造夜景观 ....................................................................... 23 1市政广场 ............................................................................................................... 23 2交通广场 ............................................................................................................... 23 3文化广场 ............................................................................................................... 24 4纪念广场 ............................................................................................................... 24 5商业广场 ............................................................................................................... 25 6娱乐休闲广场 ....................................................................................................... 25 7综合性广场 ........................................................................................................... 25 第六章 结语 ............................................................................................................... 26 参考文献: ................................................................................................................. 27 致 谢............................................................................................................................ 28 图附录: ........................................................................................................................ 29
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河北工程大学学士学位论文
前言
城市广场集中反映了城市的历史、文化和魅力,是展现城市地域文化特色最重要的载体。近几年,我国掀起了城市广场建设的热潮,并且卓有成效。但是,经济、通讯与技术的全球化,在丰富着我们的物质世界、创造新的时代精神的同时,也产生着一些负面效应,全球化的浪潮、西方文化强烈的冲击,使每个城市的地域文化特征正在慢慢消失,城市与城市之间也越来越相似了,由此产生的问题日益严重。所以,我们或许应该从一个新的角度去理解和认识城市的地域文化,植根于地域文化不是或不仅仅是形成某种风格,而应该更多地表现为一种创造地域特色的思路和方法。因此,我们在学习、吸收世界先进文化科技的同时,也要追求地域文化的保护、再生和创造。
实际上,保护文化的多样性,就像今天全球高度关注保护生物多样性一样,是人类自身发展的需要。因此,我们应该使一个城市的地域文化特色在城市广场的设计中得以寻求和表达,恢复广场本来的意义,恢复广场与所在城市、地域内在的逻辑关系,使城市广场成为城市地域文化特色最集中的地方,真正成为“城市的标志”。
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