4. larger vocabulary: influenced by other languages; rich in synonyms
5. grammatical matter: words of same meaning used with certain other words 6. many students: no purpose than read 7. students: no overall view, forget soon
8. poor comprehension because no notes, no questions
9. 25 pages a test: no fatigue or loss of efficiency up to 6 hours 10. increase speed, no loss of comprehension: more efficient reader Task 2: Dictation Credit Cards
Many businesses, such as department stores, restaurants, hotels and airline companies, use a credit system for selling their products and services. In a credit system, the seller agrees to sell something to the buyer without immediately receiving cash. The buyer receives the goods or services immediately and promises to pay for them later. This ―buy- now- pay- later‖ credit system is quite old. People have been buying things on credit for centuries. But nowadays people use credit cards. There are two types of credit cards. One type is issued directly by a Store to a customer. Many large department stores issue credit cards to their customers. The store credit card can be used to make purchases only at a particular store. The other kind of credit card is issued by a credit company. Credit cards from credit companies can be used to buy things almost anywhere. If you have a major credit card, you can buy airplane tickets, stay at hotels, and eat at restaurants with it. Most large credit companies are connected to large banks. So if you want a credit card from a credit company, you generally have to make an application at a bank. After an applicant receives a credit card, he or she can make purchases, using the card. Lesson 8 Section I Task 1: Twins
A. Multiple Choice. 1—6: acbcab B. Blank-filling.
Name: Laura and Sarah Sex: female
Similarities: 1. blonde 2. brown eyes 3. same height 4. same weight 5. same size 6. same shoes
Differences: 1. Laura is single, but Sarah has a well-fed happy husband and 4 healthy children. 2. When Laura was learning to type, Sarah was washing up.
3. When Laura was writing articles for the school newspaper, Sarah was knitting.
4. When Laura was in Panama, doing her first job for Lessoned Information Services, Sarah was having her second child.
C. True or False Questions. 1—2: TF Task 2: Genetic Make-up
A. Give brief answers to the following questions. 1. Alan and Barbara.
2. At lunch time.
3. An article about twins and coincidences.
4. because it suggests criminals are born and not made.
5. Somebody was born with the potential to become a criminal.
6. The ones that regard crime as a way of life and see the police as enemy.
7. Similar qualities are necessary to become a successful criminal or a first-class policeman. 8. Men who might easily be in jail.
B. Fill in the blanks with information about the twins. 1. bound to act in a particular way.
2. a particular set of genes, potential criminal, brought up in a particular way 3. get bored with, want action, pretty strong characters Section II
Task 1: Can I Take a Message? A. Multiple Choice. 1—2: ac B. Blank-filling. 1. Message 1:
Caller‘s name: Mary Roberts Caller‘s number: 772-1852
Message: Call back at that number till 12:30 or between 2 and 5 this afternoon. 2. Message 2:
Caller‘s name: Mr. Brown Caller‘s number: 743-9821
Message: Cancel the lunch appointment for tomorrow noon, because he is out of town for a while. Please call and reschedule. 3. Message 3:
Caller‘s name: Mrs. Turner
Message: She won‘t be home until 8 o‘clock. She‘s working late. 4. Message 4:
Caller‘s name: Wendy
Message: Ticket for Puerto Rico is booked. That‘s Pan Am Flight 226, leaving Tuesday the 12th at 8 am. Tickets will be sent over later this afternoon. 5. Message 5:
Caller‘s name: Juan Salvade
Message: He‘ll call back about the meeting next Wednesday. C. Blank-filling.
1. May I take a message?
2. out of town, offer my apologies to, have him call me 3. just a minute, can I hold you for a second? 4. holding
Task 2: Night Flight
A. True or False Questions. 1—6: FTTFTF B. Multiple Choice. 1—8: bacba cbc C. Blank-filling.
1. dramatically, moaning and groaning, doubled up, unconscious
2. at the controls, shaking slightly
3. on the horizon, the lights of the runway, beyond the city 4. thump, hit the tarmac, raced along, to a halt D. Answer the following questions.
1. She discovered that two passengers had been sick.
2. Because the captain was lying behind the door unconscious. 3. Because she was afraid that would cause a general panic.
4. When the plane had circled over Brisbane Airport for over half an hour. Section III
Task 1: Learning to Rephrase
1. thousands die/year; heart disease --- epidemic 2. people with heart disease: 1 or more traits 3. personality determines this illness
4. set unrealistic goals, meet impossible deadlines
5. responses less creative, activities performed under stress
6. past: more Type A men; now: more women work, this change 7. stress: caused by highly technical, rushed modern life 8. 60 or 50 or 40, heart attack, common
9. too preoccupied with own schedule, can't concentrate, unless about work 10. work again, leisure time- - a creative solution to work problems Task 2: Dictation
The Boy Who Cried Wolf
Once upon a time there was a very naughty shepherd-boy. He often fell asleep while he was watching his sheep. And he told lies. The villagers shook their heads and said, ?That boy will come to a bad end.‘
One day, when he was feeling very bored, the boy decided to play a practical joke on the villagers. He ran down the hill. ?Wolf, wolf!‘ he cried. ?Help, come quickly. Wolf!‘ All the villagers seized their spears and ran to help him. But there was no wolf. ‘He heard you,‘ the naughty boy lied, ?and ran away.‘ When everyone had gone, he started to laugh.
Three weeks later, when he was feeling very bored indeed, he decided to play the same trick again. ?Wolf, wolf!‘ he shouted. ?Help, come quickly. Wolf!‘ Most of the villagers hurried to help him. This time the boy laughed at them. ?Ha, ha… There wasn‘t a wolf,‘ he said. ?What a good joke!‘ The villagers were very angry. ?Lies are not jokes,‘ they said.
Two days later the boy woke up suddenly. He had fallen asleep in the afternoon sun. What was that big dark animal coming towards his flock? Suddenly it seized a lamb. ?Wolf!‘ screamed the boy. ?Wolf. Help, come quickly. Wolf!‘ But none of the villagers came to help him. He screamed again. The wolf heard him and licked its lips. ?I like lamb,‘ it thought, ?but shepherd-boy tastes much nicer.‘
When the shepherd-boy didn‘t come home that night, some of the villagers went to look for him. They found a few bones. Lesson 9 Section I
Willing to Train
A. True or False Questions. 1—4: TTFT
B. Fill in the blanks with information about Catherine based on her own statement. Name: Catherine Hunt
Qualifications: 1. qualifications from school, very good results 2. certificates for ballet and for playing the piano Interests: 1. tennis 2. swimming 3. travelling
4. talking to people
Intelligence: reasonably intelligent
C. Give brief answers to the following questions 1. Dancing and music
2. A good girl. A bit lazy and disorganized sometimes, but very bright. 3. Be a teacher or a vet.
4. Because she believes that Cathy likes working with young children and looking after sick animals.
5. She wants to talk to Cathy, not her mother.
6. No. she is bright enough to be a vet and wants to find something different from school work. 7. Yes, if it is for something useful.
8. Nursing, because she has good qualifications in English and Maths. 9. Very hard work, not very pleasant sometimes.
10. At first she is afraid she is not good enough. Later she thinks she should enjoy that. D. Complete the following sentences.
1. a little girl, very keen on, a music teacher or something, to train for, the right job 2. to lessons, six, I suppose, for the rest of, music, lonely 3. France, the school choir, talking to people, real interests
4. being a hairdresser, people, do something properly, very worthwhile 5. do look after, looked after, run over by a car, mind, too worried Section II
Task 1: How Do Others Think of My Job? A. Fill in the following chart. Sex Job Stereotype of the Job Speaker 1 male work in Civil service or Tax Office grey Speaker 2 female Manager of a department It‘s a man‘s job Speaker 3 male Nursing officer in a hospital He should be a doctor, for nursing is a woman‘s job Speaker 4 male Bank manager stuffy, bourgeois, funny Speaker 5 male Sales representative not dependable, wife in every port Speaker 6 female Apprentice hairdresser for dim girls B. Give brief answers to the following questions. 1. Clever, artistic, very noisy. 2. To Mr. S. Andrews.
3. The company does put Mr. or Ms. In front of the names on its departmental list
4. Nursing. Being a male nurse, he has more contact with the patients and a long term
responsibility for their welfare.
5. They travel and have wife at every port. 6. No.
7. She is learning a lot about hair and how to get along with people and is gaining confidence. 8. She will be able to start her own business and earn five times as much as the teachers. Task 2: Job Stereotypes
A. True or False Questions. 1—6: TFTFTF B. Multiple Choice. 1—8: abaab cbb
C. Re-list the professions in the survey, beginning with the one that the children took as the most favorite. 1. lawyer 6. civil engineer 2. accountant 7. electrical engineer 3. physicist 8. mechanical engineer 4. biologist 9. Sales representative 5. economist 10. estate agent D. Blank-filling.
1. ―dirty job‖, ―low status‖, ―subordinate‖, take orders, give orders 2. interesting, well paid Section III
Task 1: Learning to Rephrase
1. barter = trading goods for goods
2. past: seashells spices -- no value money-- stated value 3. because economic developments, trade done in barter 4. more valuable currency-- hard c. less valuable - - soft c. 5. seller demand hard c., esp. from nation with hard c. 6. inflation = abnormally rapid price increase
7. due to scarcity of hard c. in some nations & world-wide inflation, payments in hard c. be supplemented by other types, e.g. bartering
8. the following: example of bartering, consumer preferences in beverages in USSR & USA 9. Pepsi - Cola: 1st introduction unhappy of cola to USSR, Coca- Cola 10. Bartering presents serious difficult problems Task 2: Dictation
Passage 1: How to Make Wine
This is how wine is made in our winery. After the grapes are picked in late summer, they are pressed so that all the juice runs out. Then the juice is separated from the skins and pips and it is put into large containers and left to ferment. Later, it is put into smaller containers. Then it is left for about a year when it is put into bottles. If it is a good wine, the bottles are kept for several years but the cheaper wines are sold immediately. Passage 2: Alan Simpson
The mystery of the man found wandering in the city centre has now been solved. The man, whose name is now known to be Alan Simpson, is a medical student. Mr. Simpson was taking part in an experiment conducted by the university department of psychology, when he walked away, unnoticed by the staff supervising the experiment. He has now regained his memory, and has left hospital. Several people, including his sister, April Simpson, telephoned the police to identify Mr.