初中英语300组常用词语辨析前一百个(2)

2019-08-29 00:16

② All the other comrades were killed in the battle. He was the only man alive. 所有的同志都

还活着亡了,他是唯一的幸存者。

Ⅱ.living adj,“活着的”主要用着定语,常置于名词前,有时也可置于名词后。也可作表语。如: ① Every living person has a name. 每个活着的人都有一个名字。 ② No man living could do better. 当代人没有一个能做得比这更好。 Ⅲ. the living “活着的人”如:

The living are more important to us than the dead.对我们来说活着的人比死了的人更重要。 Ⅳ. live adj. “活着的”读着[laiv],反义词为 dead, 可作定语,放在所修饰的名词之前,一般不用来修饰人。 还可以作动词,读着[liv], 意为“生活”、“生存”如: ① The cat was playing with a live mouse. 这只猫在玩弄一只活老鼠。 ② Pandas usually live in the south and the southeast of China. 熊猫通常生活在中国的南部和东

南部。

Ⅴ. lively adj. [?laivli](livelier, liveliest) “生动的”;“活泼的”;“充满生气的”用作表语或定语,可用来修饰人或物。如:

The sports ground is lively with all sorts of ball games. 运动场上进行着各种球类比赛,呈现出一派生气勃勃的景象。

§20. all/ every

Ⅰ. all 和 every 意思十分相近,二者都可用来泛指人或物。但all可与算数的名词连用,而every 只能与单数的名词连用。如: ① All Mondays are horrible. 星期一总是可怕的。 ② Every Monday is horrible. 每个星期一都是可怕的。 Ⅱ. all 和 every 也可用来指某一类东西中的个体。但all 后跟the 或其它“限定词”,而every后却不能。它往往强调无一例外的意思。

--She is eaten all the biscuits[?biskit]. –What, every one? –Every single one! 她把饼干都吃光了。怎么,把每一块都吃光了吗?每一块全都吃了!

Ⅲ. all 还可和单数名词连用,表示every past of 而every却不能有此义。如: She was here all day. 她在这呆了一整天。

§21. all/ whole

Ⅰ. 二者意义(“全部、都、整个”)相同,然而词序不同。 Ⅱ. all用于冠词,所有格或其它“限定词”之前。 whole 则用于冠词之后。如: ① all the time. ────→the whole time.全部时间 ② all my life ────→the whole life.我的一生 ③ all this confusion ─→ this whole confusion.整个混乱状况。

Ⅲ. 如果没有冠词,或其它限定词,whole不能与单数名词连用。可以说: ① The whole city was burning.但不能说: ② Whole London was burning. Ⅳ.whole 和 all 与复数名词连用时意思不同。Whole 的意思为“全部”,而all的意思则近乎“每一个”如: ① All Indian tribes([traib]部首 ) suffered from white settlement in America. 所有印第安人部

首都因白人移民美洲而遭殃。 ② Whole Indian tribes were killed off. 有些印第安人部落整个被杀光了。 Ⅴ. whole 一般不用来修饰不可数名词(包括物质名词) ① 可以说:all the money 或all the wine ② 不可以说:the whole money 或the whole wine. ③ The whole of = whole 与单数名词连用。它用于冠词、所有格之前。

the whole of the time.

the whole of my life

the whole of this confusion

§22 allow/ permit/ let/ promise

Ⅰ. allow“允许、许可”,一般指听任,或默许某人去做什么,含有消极地不反对的意味。如: ① We allowed him to depart.我们允许他离去。 ② Who allowed you to leave the camp?谁允许你离开营地的? ③ I can?t allow you to do that.我不能允许你做那件事。

allow 也可表客气的请求。如 ① Will you allow me to use your pen?我可以用你的钢笔吗?

Ⅱ. permit “允许、许可”但是正式地许可,含有比较积极地同意某人去做什么的意味。如: ① I will permit him to do so. 我准备同意他这样做。 ② The sentinel permitted the strangers to pass when they had given the countersign.当这群陌生

人说出口令后,哨兵就允许他们通过了。

[注]:allow 与 permit 的涵义虽有差别,但在语言实践中,它们常常被通用着。如: ① Smoking is not allowed here.此处禁止吸烟。

② Smoking is not permitted in this theatre. 本戏院里禁止吸烟

Ⅲ. let.“允许、让”它可以指积极地允许,但更多的是着重指不予反对和阻止其后所跟的宾语要接不带to 的不定式用以表示客气的请求时,可与allow通用。且更具有口语色彩。如: ① Her father will not let her go.她父亲不会让她去。 ② Don?t let this happen again. 不要让这种事发生了。 ③ Please let me know what happens.请告诉我发生些什么事。 Ⅳ. promise “答应” “允诺”。与以上三个词的意义不同,用于主体答应自己要作什么的场合。如: ① He promised to begin at once.他答应立刻开始。 ② I promised (him) to attend to the matter promptly. 我答应(他)立即处理这件事。 ③ They promised an immediate reply.他们答应立即答复。

§23 almost/ nearly

Ⅰ. almost“差不多、几乎”有very, nearly 的意思。如: ① He has almost finished his work. 他差不多完成了他的工作。 ② Almost no one took any rest. 几乎没有一个人休息一下。

Ⅱ. nearly “差不多、几乎、将近”指一差距一般比almost 大。如: ① It?s nearly five o?clock.差不多五点钟了。 ② Nearly everyone knows it. 几乎每个人都知道这个。 ③ He?s nearly ready. 他快准备好了。 [注]:almost有时可与nearly通用,但当其与no, none, nothing, never连用时,不用nearly。如以上almost的例①可以互换,但例②则不能。

§24 alone/ lonely

Ⅰ. alone adj. “单独的”只能作表语。如: ① I?m alone but I don?t fell lonely. 我单身一人但我从不觉得孤独。 ② 此外alone 还可作副词。相当于by oneself,“单独地”“独自” ③ I?ll go there alone.我将独自去那儿。 Ⅱ. lonely adj. “孤独的”“寂寞的”有时还可表示“荒凉的”“无人烟的”意思,与deserted意思相同。含有较浓的情感色彩。既可作定语也可作表语。如: ① We?re together most of the time, so we never feel lonely. ② a lonely / deserted island

§25 aloud/ loud/ loudly

Ⅰ. aloud adv. “出声地”有使能听得到的意味。如:

① Please read the story aloud. 请朗读这个故事。 ② They were shouting aloud.他们在高声地呼喊。

Ⅱ. loud. adv “高声地、大声地、响亮地”常指在说笑等方面。如: ① Don?t talk so loud. 不要如此高声地谈话。 ② Speak louder. 说得大声点。

Ⅲ. loudly adv. “高声地”有时与loud 通用,但含有喧闹的意味。如: ① Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声敲门。 ② Don?t talk so loudly(loud). 不要如此高声地谈话。

§26 already/ yet /still

Ⅰ. already. adv. “已经”多用于肯定句中,通常与动词的完成时或进行时连用。也可用于疑问句,但不表真心的疑问,而表“惊奇”。它多置于句中。有时为了强调而置于句末。如: ① I?ve seen the film already. ② The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。 ③ Have you already had breakfast? 难道你已经吃过早餐了?

Ⅱ. yet adv “已经、仍然、还”一般只用于否定句或疑问句,且常常置于句末。如: ① He hasn?t found his bike yet他还没有找到他的自行车。

Ⅲ. still adv “仍然、还”可用于各种句中,且一般只用于句中。如: ① Do you still teach in that school? 你还在那所学校教书? [注]:still在句中的位置不同,其意义也不同。如: ① He is still(还)standing there. ② He is standing there still(adj.不动的、静止的)他站在那儿一动也不动。

§27 also/ as well/ too/ either “也”

Ⅰ. also较正式,位置通常靠近动词,用于句中;且用于肯定句中。如: ① He also plays football. 他也踢足球。 ② I was also there.我也在那儿。

Ⅱ. too 多用于口语,通常置于句末,前边须用逗号隔开,也可用于句中,且前后均须用逗号隔开,;用于肯定句中。如: ① He is a worker, too. ② The two cows, too, are white.那两头奶牛也全都是白的。 Ⅲ. as well 是副词短语,多用于口语,只用于句末。如: ① She not only taught us English but taught us maths as well.她不但教过我们英语,还教过我们数学。 ② He is a teacher and a writer as well.他是位教师,也是一位作家。

Ⅳ. either 用于否定句中,常置于句末。在肯定句变否定句时,其中的also, too, as well都要改为either. ① Yesterday I didn?t watch TV and I didn?t see the film, either .昨天我没有看电视,也没有

看电影。

§28 for / from / since

Ⅰ. 三者都能用来表示时间,但用法不同。 since “自从”,所表示的是一个时间点。可用作介词,也可用作连词,后接时间名词或短语,或引导时间状语从句;要求前面的谓语动词或主句的谓语动词必须用完成时态,要用延续性动词。而since引导的从句中的谓语动词通常应是短暂性的动词。若接时间,则应为点时间。如: ① He has worked there since1989. ② She has lived here since she moved here.

Ⅱ. from “自从” 只用作介词,表一个事情的开始点,可用于过去、现在或将来的时态。如: ① They worked from 7:00 to 12:00 this morning.

② We have been good friends from childhood.

Ⅲ. for 作为介词,后面接段时间,用于完成时、现在时、过去时和将来时,句中要用延续性动词。如: ① We?ll stay here for ten minutes.我们将在这儿呆10分钟。 ② They have studied English for three yeas.

§29 although/ though

Ⅰ. although conj. “尽管、虽然”引导让步状语从句,相当于 though. 只是比though稍微正式些。多用于句首。though 用于非正式文体中,较普遍,但以下几种用法,不能用although. 如: ① 表强调时,要用even though,如:

Even though I didn?t understand a word, I kept smiling.尽管我一字不识,我还是一直微笑着。 ②. Though可用在倒装句中,如:

Young though he is, he is quite experienced. 他虽然年轻,但很有经验。 ③ though 可作副词,表示“然而”放在句末或其它位置。如:He said he would come, he didn?t though.他说他要来,结果他却没来。

[此外],although不用着副词。在英语中如果用了although 或 though, 就不能再有but,但可以用yet 或still; 反之,如果用了but , 就不能用although 和 though. 如:

① Although he is in poor health, (yet) he works hard. = He is in poor health, but he works hard.

虽然他身体不好,但他工作仍努力。

②Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.虽然天气很冷,他未穿外衣就出去了。 ③ He is quite strong, although very old. 他虽然很老了,但还是十分健壮。 Ⅱ. though 常用作连词,“虽然”。在口语中还用着副词,一般放在句末,意为“可是、然而”等。如: ① He didn?t light the fire, though it was cold. 天气虽很冷,他却还没生火。 ② Though it was very late, he went on working. 虽然很晚了,他还是继续工作。 ③ He said he would come, he didn?t, though. 他说他来,可是结果他没有来。

§30 always / yet

Ⅰ. always “总是;一直”常与一般现在时连用。有时也与进行时连用, 但并不强调动作正在进行,而是表示“赞叹、厌烦、不满”等情绪。常用于肯定句中,放在“三类词”(情态动词、助动词、系动词本书称为“三类词”)之后,行为动词之前。如: ① We always get up before six o?clock. 我们总是六点前起床。 ② He is always thinking of others. 他总是想着别人。

Ⅱ. yet. “仍然;还”常与not连用。用于否定结构中。如: ①He hasn?t finished the work yet. 他还没完成这项工作。

§31 always/ often/ frequently/ often/

usually/ sometimes/ never

Ⅰ. 这几个词都是表频度的副词,它们之间的区别可用百分比来区分: (0%)→(20%)→ 70%)→(75%)→(100%)

从不 —→ 有时 —→ 时常 —→ 通常 —→ 总是

即:never(0%)→sometimes(20%)→often/frequently(70%)→usually(75%)→always(100%) Ⅱ always “永远、总是”。与进行时连用时,表“再三地、老是”等意思。有时还表“生气或不耐烦”等盛情色彩。如: ① The sun always rises in the east.太阳总是从东方升起。 ② I always get up at seven o?clock. 我总是在七点钟起身。 ③ The boy is always asking whys.这男孩老是问这问那没个完。 Ⅲ often “时常、常常”强调经常性。如:

① ② Ⅲ ① ② Ⅳ ① Ⅴ ① ② He often comes here to see me. 他时常到这儿来看我。

We have often been there.

frequently “时常、屡次”常与often 通用。但它强调次数频繁。如: Business frequently brings him to Shanghai.他时常因事到上海去。 He frequently comes here to see her.他时常到这儿来看她。

usually “经常”其动作频率仅次于always.常常与一般过时,一般现在时连用。 I usually get up at six in the morning.

never “从不”是否定副词。常常与完成时连用。 I have never been to the Great Wall. She said she had never gone there.

§32 edge / side

Ⅰ.edge侧重于指很窄的 “边缘”, 如刀刃或沿边的一部分.如:

Put some salt on the edge of your plate. 在你的盘子边上放些盐.

Ⅱ.side “边, 旁边” 有时与edge同义,有时指 “(东西的)侧面”, “(一个)方面”, “(身体的)侧边”,如:

§33 among/ between/ in the middle of

Ⅰ. among “在??之中/中间” 指三者或三者以上。通常表某个范围。如: ① Someone is wrong among us. 我们中间有人错了。 ② There is a small village among the mountains. 大山之间有座小村庄。 Ⅱ. between “在?之间”指在二者之间,有时与and 连用。如: ① There is a river between us. 在我们两人之间有一条河。 ② I?m standing between a house and a big tree. 我站在一座房子和一棵大树中间。 Ⅲ. in the middle of “在??中间”指在某事物中间,强调事物的两端的中间。如: There is a bus stop in the middle of the road. 在这条公路中间有个车站。

§34 animal/ beast

Ⅰ. animal “动物” 是区别于植物而言,是动物的总称,通常指兽、鸟、虫、鱼等。如: ① It?s an animal of monkey kind. 这是一种属于猴类的动物。 ② The animal is hungry. 这个动物饿了。

Ⅱ. beast “四足动物”通常指不包括爬行动物的较大的四足动物。如: ① The camel is a beast of burden. 骆驼是负重的动物。 ② The tiger is a beast of prey. 老虎是猛兽。

§35 another/ other/ more

Ⅰ. 名词前表示具有增加意义的“还、再”,一般用 more 和 another. more放在数词之后,而 another 放在数词之前;有时也可以用 other, 但other具有“不同”之意。保留它本意“别的”。如:

① one more thing, one other thing, another thing都表示“还有一件事”之意,如: ② I want three more / other books. = I want another three books.我还要三本书。 ③ I stayed there three more days. = I stayed there another three days. 我在那儿又呆了三天。

(这里不用other, 因day与day没有不同之意。 ④ We need three more / another three hands to do the job.我们还需要三个人做这项工作。 (这

里不用other , 因不强调人与人的不同。) ⑤ He works on the Great Green Wall with many other people. 他与别的许多人一块在绿色长

城上工作。( other 没有增加之意,表除自己以外的别的人。)

§36 another/ the other/ other/ others/ the others

Ⅰ. another 指不定数目中的“另一个、又一个” (三个以上)用来代替或修饰可数名词。


初中英语300组常用词语辨析前一百个(2).doc 将本文的Word文档下载到电脑 下载失败或者文档不完整,请联系客服人员解决!

下一篇:制约甘肃高等教育规模发展的因素分析

相关阅读
本类排行
× 注册会员免费下载(下载后可以自由复制和排版)

马上注册会员

注:下载文档有可能“只有目录或者内容不全”等情况,请下载之前注意辨别,如果您已付费且无法下载或内容有问题,请联系我们协助你处理。
微信: QQ: