谓语动词时态语态
谓语动词的时态&语态
时态：动作发生的时间及其当时的状态的对应叫时态。动作发生的时间不同，其状态形式就不同。 时态 1.一般现在时 构成（以do为例） do/ does 基本用法 常见的时间搭配 表示经常发生或反复发sometimes, often, always, 生的动作；客观事实或at…, on Sunday, every +… 普遍真理；现在或现阶段的情况或状态等。 The bus leaves at 5 o’clock. 表示过去的动作或状态、过去习惯性的动作；在时间或条件状语从句中表过去等。 He usually went to school by bike when he was a student. 表示将来发生的动作或状态。 I will ask him for help. yesterday (morning/ afternoon/ evening), last week/ year/ week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now… 2.一般过去时 did 3.一般将来时 will do tomorrow(morning/ afternoon/ evening), Friday, in two weeks… next 4.过去将来时 would do 常用于宾语从句或间接多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓引语中；从过去的观点语动作以后的动作 看将要发生的动作或存在的状态等。 They asked the boss if they would carry out the plan soon. 5.现在进行时 is/ am/ are + 表示现在或现阶段正在now doing 进行的动作或发生的事等。 I am doing my homework now. was/ were + doing 表示过去某一时刻或某At 8 o’clock yesterday, from 9 阶段正在发生的动作；to 10 last evening, be 按计划过去某时刻要发doing…when… 生的动作等。 I was shopping with my family. has/ have done 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状1
6.过去进行时 7.现在完成时 For, since, so far, ever, never, yet, up to now, in the past years, recently…
谓语动词时态语态
态。 I have made much progress in math in the last three months. 8.过去完成时 had done 表示在过去某个动作或before/ by+过去的时间/动作 时间前就已经发生或完成的动作，即指“过去的过去”。 I had finished the task before you called me. 【注】
1.动词第三人称单数的构成规则：①一般直接加-s，例want---wants；② s,x,ch,sh,o结尾，加-es，例teach---teaches；③辅音字母+y结尾，改y为i再加-es，例study---studies。
2.现在分词的构成规则：①一般直接加-ing，例study---studying；②以不发音字母e结尾，去e加-ing，例live---living；③辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾，且为重读音节时，需双写最后的辅音字母再加-ing，例begin---beginning；④以-ie结尾的词，变ie为y，再加-ing，例die---dying。
3.动词的过去式和过去分词的构成规则：①一般直接加-ed，例want---wanted；②以e结尾只加-d，例live---lived；③辅音字母+y结尾，改y为i再加-ed，例study---studied；④辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾，且为重读音节时，需双写最后的辅音字母再加-ed，例stop---stopped；⑤不规则动词另记。
语态：在表示主动关系时（即主语为动作的执行者时），谓语的形式称为主动语态；不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，或者需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，就用被动语态。
时态 1.一般现在时 2.一般过去时 3.一般将来时 4.过去将来时 5.现在进行时 6.过去进行时 7.现在完成时 8.过去完成时 谓语动词的形式（以do为例） 主动 do/ does did will do would do 被动 is/ am/ are + done was/ were + done will be + done would be done is/ am/ are + is/ am/ are + being done doing was/ were + doing was/ were + being done has/ have done had done has/ have been done had been done
【做题方法】 1）辨明主动被动； 2）找时间状语；
3）找已有谓语动词时态；
4）注意一些特定句式的时态要求。
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谓语动词时态语态
【基础练】
1. Light (travel) faster than sound.
2. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he (be) too busy.
3. The work (finish) in ten days.
4. He told me he (arrive) on Monday morning, but he never appeared.
5. Look! They (play) basketball on the playground. 6. I first met Tom ten years ago. He (work) in a TV factory at that time.
7. Many bridges (build) over the river since 1949. 8. When I got there, I was told that he (go) to Shanghai.
By the end of last year, we (learn) at least 3,000 English words.
【提升练】
2018~2012年高考题（改编）
单句语法填空/单句改错
1. （2018 全国一，64）While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the
review says it ________(be) more effective at lengthening life…
2. （2018全国一卷，短文改错）During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside
with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there.
3. （2018全国二卷, 61）Since 2011, the country ______________ （grow）more
corn than rice.
4. （2018全国二卷, 68）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between
2005---when the government _________________ (start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers--- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
5. （2018全国二卷, 短文改错）I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I
entered high school.
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谓语动词时态语态
6. （2018全国三卷，69）when the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just
glad to find them alive. True to gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____________(mean) me no real harm.
7. （2018全国三卷, 短文改错）It was Monday morning, and the writing class had
just begin.
8. （2018全国三卷, 短文改错）At that moment, I remembered that my father once
said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.”
9. （2017全国一卷，64）When fat and salt _________________(remove) from food,
the food tastes as if it is missing something.
10. （2017全国一卷，67）Fast food ____________ (be) full of fat and salt. 11. （2017全国一卷, 短文改错）Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned
the instructor’s orders, but once I started the car, my goes blank.
12. （2017全国二卷，65）Steam engines ___________________(use) to pull the
carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success… 13. （2017全国二卷，68）Later, engineers ________________(manage) to construct
railways in a system of deep tunnels, which became known as the Tube. 14. （2017全国二卷, 短文改错）When the summer came, they will invite their
students to pick the fresh vegetables!
15. （2017全国三卷，63）Sarah _______________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s
new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.
16. （2017全国三卷，69）But at the moment, school __________________(come)
first.
17. （2017全国三卷, 短文改错）I had grown not only physically, but also mentally
in the past few years.
18. （2017全国三卷, 短文改错）（改两处错误）About one month after this photo
was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.
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谓语动词时态语态
19. (2016·全国Ⅰ，62)I________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the
600－acre centre.
20. (2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high
quality oil are using for cooking.
21. (2016·全国Ⅱ，43)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow
________(be) often acceptable.
22. (2016·全国Ⅲ，42)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant
chopsticks might ________(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 23. (2016·全国Ⅲ，49)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and
________(be) too violent for use at the table.
24. (2015·全国Ⅰ，61)It was raining lightly when I________(arrive) in Yangshuo just
before dawn.
25. (2015·全国Ⅰ，67)Yangshuo________(be) really beautiful. 26. (2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)I think I would be happy there.
27. (2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming
has already become a very serious problem.
28. (2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)We must found ways to protect our environment. 29. (2015·全国Ⅱ，68)This cycle________(go) day after day. 30. (2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)Tony was scared and begun to cry.
31. (2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait
outside a shop.
32. (2014·全国大纲，22)Unless extra money________(find), the theatre will close. 33. (2014·全国大纲，32)The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ________(see)
them since.
34. (2014·全国大纲，短文改错)The understanding between two friends mean both of
them have similar ideas and trust each other.
35. (2014·全国Ⅰ，61)It________(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 36. (2014·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Since then—for all these years—we had been allowing
tomatoes to self－seed where they please.
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