在复习动词短语时要做到：
（1)反复记忆：对于常用、高频动词短语要注意分类整理以帮助记忆，比如我们可以从下面几
条去总结和记忆动词短语。
①与副词或介词搭配活跃的6个常用动词：get,go,look,put,take,turn。如：go away,go back,go by,go
on,go out,look after,look for,look out,look up,look round,look into,look on等；
②through表示“穿过”，因此含有through的动词短语多表示此意，我们可以总结为“具有穿透力的through”，比如：break through突破；carry (sb/sth) through帮助某人度过难关；get through 完
成；通过；go through仔细检查；用完；look through温习；仔细查看；pull through (使)度过危机；put through使通过
③由“动词+out”构成的短语动词，如：set out、let out、turn out、bring out、work out、carry out、break out等。
（2)利用口诀帮助记忆。
有些动词短语，比如pick up的词义很多，我们就可以用口诀来记忆： pick up含义多，口诀巧记挺简单； 拿起捡起开车接，接收收听视野开； 好转改善又增强，学到东西属偶然； 若能买到便宜货，想必心情会很high。
说明：拾起，捡起，开车去接；接收，收听；康复，好转，改善，增强；(偶然)得到/学到；购买(便宜商品)；(车辆)加速
专题热点集训4 动词和动词词组(动词短语)
（45分钟）
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I. 单项填空
1.（2015·天津）If you have any doubts about your health，you'd better _____ your doctor at once.
A. convince
B. consult
C. avoid
D. affect
2.（2015·天津）Tom had to ____ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
A. turn in
B. turn down
C. turn over D. turn to
3.（2015·江苏）Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to ________ to their greatest potential.
A. accelerate
B. improve
C. perform
D. develop
4.（2015·江苏）The university started some new language programs to ________ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt.
A. apply to
B. cater for
C. appeal to D. hunt for
5.（2015·江苏）The whole team ________ Cristiano Ronaldo，and he seldom lets them down.
A. wait on
B. focus on
C. count on
D. call on
6.（2015·浙江）Studies have shown that the right and left ear ________ sound differently.
A. produce
B. pronounce C. process
D. download
7.（2015·浙江）Body language can ________ a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. A. take away B. throw away C. put away D. give away
8.（2015·浙江）We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or ________ our emotions than for straight facts.
A. block off
B. appeal to C. subscribe to D. come across
9.（2015·浙江）If steel is heavier than water，why are ships able to ________ on the sea?
A. float
B. drown
C. shrink
D. split
10.（2014·陕西）Ralph W. Emerson would always ______ new ideas that occurred to him.
A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down
II. 完形填空
（2014·新课标Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A， B， C和D）
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中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this ____11____at work in people of all _____12____. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about ___13____with their new toys. But their ___14_____soon wear off and by January those_____15____toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of_____16____stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s ____17_____interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child____18____bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the___19____of caring the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescent enter high school with great____20___but soon looking forward to_____21___. The same is true of the young adults going to the college. And then, how many____22_____, who complain about the long drives to work, ____23_____drove for hours at a time when they first_____24____ their driver’s licenses? Before people retire, they usually ___22____to do a lot of___26__things, which never had __27___while working. But ____28____after retirement, the golfing, the fishing , the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they ___29____. And, like the child in January, they go searching for new____30_____.
11.A.principle B.habit C.way D.power 12.A.parties B.races C.countries D.ages 13.A.working B.living C.playing D.going 14.A.confidence B.interest C.anxiety D.sorrow 15.A.same B.extra C.funny D.expensive 16.A.well-organized B.colorfully-printed C.newly-collected D.half-filled 17.A.broad B.passing C.different D.main 18.A.silently B.impatiently C.gladly D.worriedly 19.A.promise B.burden C.right D.game 20.A.courage B.calmness C.confusion D.excitement 21.A.graduation B.independence C.responsibility D.success 22.A.children B.students C.adults D.retirees 23.A.carefully B.eagerly C. nervously D.bravely 24.A.required B.obtained C.noticed D.discovered 25.A.need B.learn C.start D.plan
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26.A.great B.strange C.difficult D.correct 27.A.time B.money C.skills D.knowledge 28.A.only B.well C.even D.soon 29.A.lost B.chose C.left D.quit 30.A.pets B.toys C.friends D.colleagues
III. 阅读理解 （2015·浙江）
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ⅲ－designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—to which many forms of life，including ourselves，have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world，some aspect or life is affected.
In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars，leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth，is wholly beyond our experience，beyond memory almost.
We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country，when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force，and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night，birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal，throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint，including
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their nighttime breeding choruses. Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs. Like most other creatures，we do need darkness. Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare，to our internal clockwork，as light itself.
Living in a glare of our making，we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense，light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe，to forget the scale of our being，which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.
31. According to the passage，human being ________.
A. prefer to live in the darkness B. are used to living in the day light C. were curious about the midnight world
D. had to stay at home with the light of the moon 32. What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?
A. The night.
B. The moon. C. The sky. D. The planet.
33. The writer mentions birds and frogs to ________.
A. provide examples of animal protection B. show how light pollution affects animals
C. compare the living habits of both species
D. explain why the number of certain species has declined 34. It is implied in the last paragraph that ________.
A. light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animals B. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages C. human beings cannot go to the outer space
D. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe 35. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. The Magic Light.
B. The Orange Haze.
C. The Disappearing Night. D. The Rhythms of Nature.
IV. 微写作 （2015·广东）
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阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
On the first day of her work，Sally found that a class full of problems was waiting for her. Six teachers had quit before her. When she walked into the classroom，it was chaos：two boys were fighting in the far corner，yet the rest of the class，seemed not to notice them; some girls were chatting and some were running about; paper，food packages and other garbage were littered around.... Just when she was about to speak，a student rushed in and pushed her aside! He was twenty minutes late!
Sally walked onto the platform，picked up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard：“Rule 1：We are family！” All students stopped to look at her. And she continued with Rule 2，Rule 3.... In the following weeks，Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them on the walls of the classroom. She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.
Surprisingly，Sally was not driven out like the former teachers; instead，she won respect from the students. Over the year，she witnessed gradual changes in the class. At the graduation ceremony，just as she expected，she was very proud to stand with a class of care，manners and confidence. [写作内容]
1. 用约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 用约120个词就班规谈谈你的想法，内容包括： (1)你们班最突出的问题是什么？ (2)针对该问题你会设计一条什么班规？ (3)你认为班规会带来什么影响？ [写作要求]
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文的句子。
2. 作文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。 [评分标准]
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
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