?D. hadn’t expected
?答案：D (2009学位真题)
?It is necessary that we (should 可省略,下同）have a walk now.
?It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rule of school. ?It is natural that she should do so.
?It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible． ?It is vital that enough money be collected to fund the project． ?It is required that nobody (should) smoke here. ?It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening．
?It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad．我建议派他去国外进一步学习。 ?The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone． ?The advice is that we (should ) leave at once.
?My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. ?If I were a boy, I would join the army. ?If the had time, she should go with you
虚拟语气精选例题解析
?______ he English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday . ?A. In spite of B. But for ?C. Because of D. As for
?解析：假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如but for、but that、
without, 由连词but、副词otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试，我本可以去听音乐会，所以应选
?Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ your advice .
?A. follow B. would follow C. had
followed D. have followed
?解析：题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做但
事实上没有做的事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故If only条件句假设的是过去一种情况，因此应该用had +过去分词，所以正确答案是。
?There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ______ a sudden loud noise.
A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been
?解析：句意为：“要是有一声巨响，这些动物会受到惊吓，这是有现实可能性的。”should there
be表示虚拟条件句中将来时间的谓语形式, if省略,所以should与there倒装。因此
?When Edison died, it was proposed that the American people ______ all power in their homes,
streets, and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man.
?A. turn off B. turned off ?C. would turn off D. had turned off
?解析： propose后接的宾语从句或主语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气：should+动词原形或直接
用动词原形。选择
?I apologize if I ______ you, but I assure ( 保证, 担保) you it was unintentional(不是故意的,
无心的, 无意识的).
?A. offend B. had offended ?C. should have offended D. might have offended
?解析： 本题测试交错时间的虚拟条件句。was 暗示，事情发生在过去，所以虚拟条件句中
的谓语动词应该用表示过去时间的虚拟形式。
?The board deemed(认为, 相信)it urgent(急迫的, 紧急的)that these files ______ right away. ?A. had to be printed
?B. should have been printed ?C. must be printed ?D. should be printed
?解析：it是句子的形式宾语，urgent在句中作形式宾语it的补足语,所以宾语从句中的谓语
需用虚拟语气:(should)+动词原形(主动态或被动态)。
?The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ______ round the earth. ?A. were circling B. circles
?C. is circling D. be circling
?解析：if引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（be动词
用were）或would (could等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故
?He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______ a Chinese. ?A. were B. had been C. is D. has been ?解析：表示与现在相反的虚拟。
?
?As usual, he put on a show as though his trip ______ a great success. ?A. had been B. has been C. were D. was
?解析： as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
?Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology ______ .
?A. will not have been achieved ?B. have not been achieved
?C. would not have been achieved ?D. had not been achieved
?解析：这是一含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语without,表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中的情
况也早已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因此用would not have been achieved这一形式。
?It is time that the government ______ measures to protect the rare birds and animals.
?A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking
?解析：It is time that是一种要求从句用虚拟语气的常见句型。虚拟语气形式为动词的过去式。
?He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ______ to the meeting. ?A. would come B. came ?C. would have come D. had come ?解析：otherwise
用来表示一种含蓄的虚拟假设，因为是对过去(yesterday)的情况的假设，
所以应该用would have come形式。
?If I had seen the movie, I ______ you all about it now. ?A. would tell B. will tell
?C. have told D. would have told ?解析：这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子，if
条件句表示的是对过去情况的假设，而主句是对
现在（now）的情况的假设，故用would tell形式。
?We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we ______ him.
?A) would have telephoned ?B) must have telephoned
?C) would telephone ?D) had telephoned
?解析：本题是与过去时相反的虚拟句，从句中用过去完成式，主句中用would have done。
本句相当于if we had known his telephone number，we would have telephoned him。
?We are all for your proposal that discussion ______. ?a. be put off b. was put off ?c. should put off d. is to put off
?解析：全句意思是：我们都赞成你的建议，把讨论推迟。
?It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time ______ ? ?A. we are going home B. if she leaves ?C. we went home D. if she had left
?解析：“现在已经十六点钟了，难道你不认为该回家了吗？”句中的“it's about time …”引起
虚拟。
?I'd rather you ______ by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such
bad weather.
?A. would go B. should go C. went D. had gone
?解析：“我宁愿你乘火车去，因为我无法想像在如此恶劣的天气你呆在飞机里。”主语+would
rather后接宾语从句,从句中谓语须用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示希望现在或将来实现的行为或状态,用过去完成时表示希望过去实现的行为或状态。本题中原因状语从句用一般现在时,暗示希望现在或将来发生的行为动作,故选答案为
?In the past men generally preferred that their wives ______ in the home.
?A. worked B. would work ?C. work D. were working
?解析：“过去男子一般都愿意他们的妻子在家里工作。”因为prefer(宁愿)其后所接的宾语从
句中谓语需用(should)+动词原形。 强调句考点
以句型强调：感叹句、it强调句、倒装句 It 强调句：
It is/was +被强调的部分+that/who+原句其他部分。其中that 表事,who表人。
原句： Betty bought a book from the store last night.
强调主语：
It was Betty who bought a book from the store last night. 强调宾语：
It was the book that Betty bought from the store last night. 强调状语：
It was from the store that Betty bought a book last night. 强调状语：
It was last night that Betty bought a book from the store。
以短语强调
? at all, in the world, on earth 等
What on earth are you talking about?
She doesn’t care at all. 以词强调
?do, every, just, only, single, such, very等.
She does love to work alone.
I do believe her dream will come true.
This is the very picture on which I spent a lot of money. 形容词、副词、比较级、最高级重点点拨
形容词常用于修饰名词，说明该词的性质、特征等。它在句中主要用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，如：
?Groups of new, modern buildings have sprung up along the river.（定语） ?一群群新的现代建筑沿江拔地而起。 ?The football game was marvelous. ?（表语）足球赛精彩极了。
?I’m sorry that I’m late.
?（表语）对不起，我迟到了。 ?Don’t leave the door open, please. ?（宾补）请不要将门敞着。
?He spent three days in the snow, cold and hungry. ?（状语） 他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了两天。
1.有些形相似、义相别的词 如：
alone（独自地） lonely（孤独的） considerable（相当多的） considerate（体贴人的）
efficient（有效力的） sufficient（足够的） historic（历史性的） historical（历史上的） imaginative（富于想象力的） imaginable可想象到的）,
industrial（工业的） industrious（勤勉的）
later（较迟的） latter（后者的） respectful（有礼貌的） respective（各自的）
2. -ly结尾的形容词
?在英文里，有些形容词是以-ly结尾的，不要误认为是副词。这类词常见的有：