small，cannot be overemphasized and watchkeepers shall also be guided by Rule 5 on Look-out of the COLREGs. Smaller ships should consider warning larger ships of any developing collision risk by using all available means including light signals，sound signals and radio communication. Larger ships must remember that provision of proper radar lookout does not obviate the need for effective visual lookout and vessels with operational radar shall be guided by Rule 6 (b) of the COLREGs. All ships including small craft，shall avoid anchoring in a known shipping lane. 233.What happened in the story?
A. A pleasure craft grounded in the channel B. A pleasure craft was struck by a passing ship C. A bulk carrier grounded in the channel
D. A bulk carrier was struck by a pleasure craft
234.Which of the following was NOT the cause for the incident? A. poor radar target of the bulk carrier B. poor lookout of the pleasure craft
C. weak anchor light on the pleasure craft D. reflection of the moonlight
235.What is emphasized in the passage? A. the importance of proper radar use B. the importance of proper lookout C. the proper fitting of anchor light
D. the proper assessment of the risk of collision
236.Which of the following actions is NOT right according to the author? A. To observe the COLREGS
B. To use radar properly in addition to lookout C. To use radar all the time instead of lookout D. To avoid anchoring in the shipping lane
Passage 60
Reballasting at sea，as recommended by the IMO guidelines，currently provides the best-available measure to reduce the risk of transfer of harmful aquatic organisms(水生物)，but is subject to serious ship-safety limits. Even when it can be fully implemented，this technique is less than 100% effective in removing organisms from ballast water. Some parties even suggest that reballasting at sea may itself contribute to the wider dispersal of harmful species，and that island states located 'down-stream' of mid-ocean reballasting areas may be at particular risk from this practice.
It is therefore extremely important that alternative，effective ballast water management and/or treatment methods are developed as soon as possible，to replace reballasting at sea. Options being considered include: Mechanical treatment methods such as filtration and separation; Physical treatment methods such as electric currents and heat treatment; Chemical treatment methods such adding biocides(杀生物剂)to ballast water to kill organisms，and various combinations of the above.
All of these possibilities currently require significant further research effort. Major barriers still exist in scaling these various technologies up to deal effectively with the huge quantities of ballast water carried by large ships. Treatment options must not interfere unduly with the safe and economical operation of the ship and must consider ship design limitations，and any control measure that is developed must meet a number of criteria. 237.What does the passage imply?
A. Reballasting at sea is not always advisable
B. Some alternatives may affect safety operations of the ship
C. It is difficult to develop a more effective way other than reballasting for large ships currently D. All of the above
238.The main risk of ballast water according to the passage is that ______.
A. it may kill all other species in the oceans other than the organisms themselves B. the disposal of ballast water may kill all other species in the oceans C. The quantity of ballast water to be disposed of is huge D. it may endanger other species in the oceans
239.According to your knowledge，which could be the best alternative to handle ballast water with least environmental effects upon the oceans?
A. filtrating and separating B. using biocides
C. reballasting D. all of A，B and C
240.What does the author suggest as the best alternative to handle ballast water? A. Mechanical treatment methods B. Physical treatment method C. Chemical treatment methods D. Not mentioned
Chapter 1 参考答案
Passage 1 A B D A Passage 2 A D A A Passage 3 B D D D Passage 4 A B A A Passage 5 C C B D Passage 6 D A D C Passage 7 C D C B Passage 8 C A C A Passage 9 B A D A Passage 10 B A C A Passage 11 A B D A Passage 12 D A C D Passage 13 B D B A Passage 14 B C A D Passage 15 D A A D Passage 16 D B D D Passage 17 D D C A Passage 18 A B D D Passage 19 B C A A Passage 20 D D D D
Passage 21 D A A B
Passage 22 C C A B Passage 23 B A B D Passage 24 B B C D Passage 25 A D D A Passage 26 A A A C Passage 27 C A C A Passage 28 B A B D Passage 29 A D D B Passage 30 D A C D Passage 31 C D A C Passage 32 A D C D Passage 33 C A B A Passage 34 D C A D Passage 35 A B D D Passage 36 C B A A Passage 37 A A B D Passage 38 B D D A Passage 39 C D A C Passage 40 D A D B
Passage 41 D A D A Passage 42 D A A D Passage 43 A D A C Passage 44 D B A D Passage 45 A D A A Passage 46 C C D A Passage 47 A D A D Passage 48 D D C B Passage 49 A D A B Passage 50 B D B C Passage 51 B C A D Passage 52 C C A D Passage 53 B D D B Passage 54 C B D C Passage 55 D B D D Passage 56 B C B D Passage 57 A D C C Passage 58 D D A A Passage 59 B D C B Passage 60 D D D A
Chapter 2
航海英语阅读理解32篇
Passage 1-1
An aircraft lift on board RFA Argus was loaded beyond its safe working load of 18.4 tonnes. There were no injuries to any personnel, or material damage to the ship or its equipment.
During a planned stay in port, 500 compressed oxygen cylinders were required to be landed. These were normally stowed on a lower deck and needed to be transferred to the weather deck before being taken ashore. Before the vessel's arrival in port, the planned operation was discussed between various officers and senior ratings, one of whom was to supervise final discharge of the cylinders from the ship.
Once in port, a senior rating gave instructions to three juniors to transfer a number of cylinders to the weather deck. He then left them alone to load the cylinders onto the platform of an aircraft lift. The cylinders weighed 19.95 tonnes, which was greater than they had been instructed to load. In addition to this excess weight they added a fork lift truck weighing 5.5 tonnes. The lift was then raised.
When it reached the weather deck, the lift was unable to stow at the correct level. When investigated it was discovered that the load of both oxygen bottles and the fork lift truck was greater than its safe working load (SWL) and this had prevented the locking cleats at the flight deck (weather deck) engaging. The lift was taken out of service for testing and inspection.
001 The safe working load of the aircraft lift is ________ tonnes.
A. 18.4 B. 19.95 C. 5.5 D. 500
002 The aircraft lift was overloaded by a weight which is ________ more than its SWL A. 1.55 B. 3.95 C. 5.5 D. 7.05
003 It was the ________ that had prevented the locking cleats at the flight deck (weather deck) engaging. A. fork lift B. cylinders C. overloaded weight D. the three juniors 004 It is implied in the passage that ________.
A. the lift should be raised slowly to avoid the accident.
B. the aircraft lift on board RFA Argus should be driven by super power
C. the senior rating should give instructions in more detail to the three juniors to transfer a number of
cylinders to the weather deck.
D. if the unloading operation was supervised by an officer who has sufficient experience of the loads, lifting
equipment and the overall operation, the accident would had been avoided.
Passage 1-2
The Swedish dry cargo vessel Skagern, after partly discharging her cargo at Hull, sailed for her next port, Strood, with a draught of 5.95m. The master soon realised, however, that he would not make the tide for berthing if he proceeded to the Medway as planned, to pick up the pilot at the North East Spit. He therefore decided to change the passage plan by shortening the distance and embarking his pilot at the Sunk light vessel. The officer on watch, the 2/O, was told to make the necessary adjustments and lay off the new courses.
The 2/O made the original plan based on waypoints calculated and entered by another officer. These had been marked on the various charts and had already been entered into the GPS navigator. When he amended the passage plan he used the GPS to calculate a new course from a waypoint off Lowestoft direct to the Sunk pilot station. In doing so, he didn't realise he had missed out a pre-programmed waypoint in the GPS for a position to the east of the East Shipwash buoy.
He laid the new course off on the two smaller scale charts covering that part of the passage, but didn't notice that his course line intersected the 5m depth contour to the west of the East Shipwash buoy. The 2/O came on watch again four hours before the vessel was due to arrive at the pilot station. One hour before arrival at the Sunk, and now in the vicinity of the Shipwash Bank, the 2/O prepared to embark the pilot. It did not occur to him that
anything might be wrong. Shortly afterwards, Skagern ran aground at a full speed of 14 knots. Although two tugs were dispatched from Harwich to standby, the master was able to de-ballast his vessel and refloat her successfully with the aid of the main engine. There was no pollution and there appeared to be no damage.
005 To embark the pilot earlier Skagern ________.
A. speeded up B. shortened the distance by adjusting the planned passage C. made the tide D. engaged trade every two weeks 006 The grounding was caused by the reason of ________
A. the second officer missed a waypoint when steaming to the pilot station
B. the depth around the pilot station is 5.95m which is not sufficient to allow the vessel to keep always afloat C. the GPS had something wrong when calculating the course D. the vessel did not make the tide due to her late arrival 007 The vessel was refloated ________
A. with the aid of reverting her main engine B. herself by pumping out some of her ballast
C. with the aid of her main engine and the two tugs from Harwich D. with the aid of tide
008 The lessen of this accident is that ________
A. without proper planning of the ballasting and de-ballasting programme the vessel is likely to be involved
in such accident as grounding
B. a vessel should be well prepared for grounding when proceeding toward pilot station
C. when grounded, a vessel should try to contact the nearest coast station to apply for the aid of tugs D. in this age of the GPS and push-button navigation, it is all too easy to be lulled into a false sense of
security and assume the position indicated is correct Passage 1-3
The tug Vegesack was towing a barge engaged in \Harwich Channel. Tug and tow were part of a dredging programme. During the dredging contract, the practice was for the dredging craft, Vegesack, to nominate the passing side for vessels. The barge was difficult to control in tidal and traffic conditions, and the master needed to exercise considerable skill and anticipation, as well as having to liaise closely with VTS and passing vessels. The German master had been issued with a pilotage exemption certificate and had been operating in the channel for nearly two months before the incident.
The ferry Dana Anglia was outbound from Harwich in daylight and good visibility. When she was close to North Shelf buoy, VTS called Vegesack and agreed that Vegesack, who was in the middle of the channel, would move to the north side. This would enable both Dana Anglia and Bencomo, an inbound vessel currently passing No5 buoy, to pass to the south. VTS gave this passing information to the two vessels.
While passing Platters buoy, Bencomo called Vegesack, requesting her to move to the north. Vegesack said she was going to move to the Harwich (or south) side, and instructed Bencomo to pass to the north. VTS then intervened and confirmed with Vegesack that she wanted both vessels to pass to the north. At this time, Dana Anglia was approaching North West Beach buoy and could see Vegesack heading south, in contravention to what she had been asked to do and had agreed.
Vegesack then started turning to the north. Dana Anglia sounded her whistle and put her engines to full astern. Vegesack then passed close down the starboard side of Dana Anglia.
009 Vegesack and her tow ________
A. were laying stones into the channel to make the navigation more safer
B. were fishing in the channel
C. were passing vessels in the channel
D. were dredging in the channel by picking-up stones
010 It is the ________ that has, in accordance with the practice, the right to determine which side
to pass for both inbound and outbound vessels
A. Dana Anglia B. Bencomo C. VTS D. Vegesack 011 The situation was that ________
A. both Dana Anglia and Bencomo were inbound B. both Dana Anglia and Bencomo were outbound C. Dana Anglia was outbound, Bencomo, inbound D. Dana Anglia was inbound, Bencomo, outbound 012 The lesson from this accident is that ________. A. clarity of language is everything at sea
B. Dana Anglia should proceed in the middle of the channel
C. Vegesack should be away from any inbound and outbound vessel
D. it is not necessary for VTS to intervene with the communication between vessels in heavy traffic area
Passage 1-4
In the early hours of a November morning, the fully laden 42,259gt Panamanian registered container vessel Ambassador Bridge was inbound to the English Channel, and had closed the south Devon coast to embark a pilot off Brixham.
In preparing to embark the pilot at the port side pilot station situated some 4m above the waterline, a seaman was detailed off to rig the pilot ladder and stand by to receive him. He made a radio check with the bridge when he arrived, but when the bridge tried to contact him again as the pilot boat approached, there was no reply. An officer was sent down to investigate.
The chief officer found the pilot door wide open, the ladder unrigged, water sloshing around the station deck, but no sign of the seaman detailed off to prepare the ladder for embarkation.
The body of a man, later identified as the deceased seaman, was recovered from the sea some four hours later. He was not wearing a lifejacket.
013 Ambassador Bridge was not ________
A. an inbound vessel to the English channel B. a Panamanian registered container vessel C. in ballast D. near the Devon coast 014 Of the following, ________ is not correct.
A. the vessel was receiving her pilot who was to come down from the pilot station which was 4m above the
sea
B. the deceased did not rig the pilot ladder
C. the deceased reported to the bridge as soon as he arrived there D. the vessel was receiving her pilot at port side
015 The body of the deceased seaman was recovered by ________
A. the C/O B. the Pilot C. a salver D. someone not mentioned 016 It can be concluded that the deceased seaman ________
A. wore a lifejacket but lost it when overboard in the sea B. committed suicide C. dropped into the sea to catch the pilot ladder
D. was given instructions in detail before being sent to his station