7) locked 8) coming 9) to wash 10) open 11).fixed 12) done 13) to do
总结状语从句的做题方法：1.___________________________________________________ 2.___________________________________________________ 3.____________________________________________________ 4._____________________________________________________
(四)独立主格
非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该和句子主语保持一致。但是有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中做状语，我们称之为独立主格。它的结构特点是：
① 独立主格中的状语有自己独立的主语，与主句的主语不同，前后主语不一致；②在独立主格中的状语中，不定式表示还未作，过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示主动 ③ 独立主格结构一般都有逗号与主句分开。
独立主格的结构为：(with)主语+V+ing/v+ed/ to do sth/ adj/ 介词结构/ 副词 1). 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。如： The girl staring at him (= as the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. = With the girl staring at him, he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。
Time permitting (= if time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. = _______________________________________________________ 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。
2). 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。如： The problems solved (= as the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
= With the problem solved, the quality has been improved.随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。 Her glasses broken (= because her glasses were broken), she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard. =__________________________________________________________________. 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。
3). 名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。如：
He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
= He is going to make a model plane, with some old parts to help. 借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。 4). 名词/主格代词+形容词。如：
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 = An air accident happened to the plane, with nobody alive.
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. =_____________________________ 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 5). 名词/主格代词+副词。如：
He put on his sweater ,wrong side out.
= He put on his sweater , with wrong side out.他把毛衣穿反了。
The meeting over, they all went home.=____________________________________________.
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会议一结束，他们就都回家了。 6). 名词/主格代词+介词短语。如：
The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand.
= The boy goes to the classroom, with a book in his hand.那男孩手里拿着书去教室。 Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door. 玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。 7). There being +名词（代词），being不可省。如：
There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。
There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。 8). It being +名词（代词），being不可省。如：
It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。 It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。 经典试题练练看
1. The party will be held in the garden, weather ________(permit).
2. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _______ (lay) for a meal to be cooked. 3. The lecture ______(give), a lively question and answer session followed. 4. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
Sorry. With so much work ______(fill) my mind, I almost break down.
5. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _____(finish), he gladly accepted it. 6. With nothing _______(do), we went to the cinema.
7. With their son _______(attend) a foreign college now, the parents have some financial problems now and then.
8. Her money ________(run out), the lazy middle aged woman began to steal others’money at crowded places, such as bus stops, stations, airports and ports. 触类旁通改改错
1. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog followed them. 2. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some have a life span of around 20 years.
3. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons were finished for the day.
4. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent was launched at the end of last March.
5. The street was quiet with no buses were running. 6. In came a man with his hand being tied back. 7. With Mr Smith away, we’ve got more room.
8. With the car broken down halfway on the road, we had great difficulty walking home in the snow. 答案：
1. permitting 2.laid 3.(having been) given 4.filling 5.finished 6.to do 7.attending 8.having run out
1. following改为following 2. have改为having 3. 去掉were 4. 去掉was 5. 去掉were 6. 去掉being 7. 正确 8. broken改为 breaking 六．作宾补时
1).tell/ order/ persuade/ invite/ force /warn / encourage/ get/ ask/ advise/ allow/beg/
cause/expect/forbid/ intend/ prefer/ remind/ require/request/command/direct/ want/wish/call on/ demand of/depend on+ sb to do
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You are not allowed to do smoke here. The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat. He asked me to finish it in time. The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. 2)感官动词feel; hear/listen to; see/watch/observe/look at/ notice的宾补结构有四种形式，以see为例 do sth 看见某人做了某事 主动 doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 sb being done 看见某人正在被… See done 看见某人被…. 被动 sth done 看见某物被… I saw him go downstairs just now. I saw him playing on the playground now. I saw him being beaten by a man when I passed by. I saw the girl well taken care of. I’d like to see the plan carried out. 3) 使役动词 make/ let/ have/ get后跟宾补的情况 do sth 让某人做某事 主动 doing sth 让某人持续做某事 sb done 使某人被…. have 被动 sth done 让别人作某事；不幸的遭遇 He had me write a letter to him. She had him waiting outside for a long time. I had my daughter taken care of by my mother. I had my hair cut yesterday. Tom had his leg broken while playing football. 注意： 1. have 表示“有 ” have sth to do (主动) have sth to be done (被动) I have a lot of clothes to wash today. I am going to do some washing today. Do you have any clothes to be washed. 2. can’t/won’t have sb doing sth 不能让某人做某事 I can’t have Yonghui getting way with telling people lies. I won’t have you speaking to you dad like that. get sb to do sth= let/ make/ have sb do sth get sth done= have sth done get sb/ sth doing 使某人/某物开始行动起来 have sb doing sth 使某人不停地做某事 get done 被..... The teacher gets us to read the text aloud.
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Her son has been ill for days .She needs to get him examined in the hospital. The captain got the soldier moving towards the front after a short rest. He managed to get the horse running. we couldn’t get the car starting. He got run by the car. 注意：以上的感官动词和使役动词的被动结构要加不定式to Someone was heard to come up the stairs. 4). 动词leave，keep, set, find, catch 的宾补结构 sb/sth doing 让某人/某物一直处于某种状态 sth undone/untouched/ unfinished/ unsettled 留下某事未作 ① Leave sb to do sth 让某人去做某事 sth to be done 留下某事要做 It’s wrong to leave the machine running. The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious. He left, leaving me to do all the rest work. We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. ② keep sb/sth doing 使某人一直做某事 sb/sth done 使某人/某物被…. Keep the engine running. You should keep me informed of his whereabouts(行踪). sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 ③find sb/sth done 发现某人/某物已经…. sb/sth (to be)+adj/n 发现某人/某物 …. We found him (to be) dishonest. Often I found her quietly crying alone. I found him buried in the novel. 我发现他在埋头读一本小说。 ④catch sb doing sth 撞见某人正在做某事（往往是坏事） I caught Tom cheating in the exam. 5).常用不定式作主语补足语的句型 do sth/ to be done Sb /sth be said/believed/reported/ considered/ supposed to have done/ have been done He is said to be the best player in our school. He is said to have gone abroad. The book is said to have been translated into many languages. The bank is reported to have been robbed. You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday. He is believed to have invented the machine. 6) 当不定式用作介词except或but的宾语时，该不定式有时带 to，有时不带 to，情形比较复杂，
大致原则是：其前有do，不定式不带 to；其前没有 do，不定式通常带 to。如： He likes nothing except to watch TV. 除了看电视外，他什么都不喜欢。
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It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。 There’s little we can do except wait. 除了等待我们没有什么办法。 I could do nothing except agree. 我除了同意，没有别的办法
重点句型： have no choice/alternative but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
have nothing to do but do sth / can do nothing but do sth别无选择只能做某事 经典例题：
1. I looked up and noticed a snake ______(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 2. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _______(wash).
3. Having finished her project, she was invited _______(speak) by the school to the new students. 4. When we saw the road _______(block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. 5. Let those in need ______(understand) that we will go all out to help them.
6. He is thought ______(act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. 7. Alexander tried to get his work in the medical circles ______(recognize). 8. I was advised _______(take) more exercise and eat less sugar.
9. That eight-year-old boy was made _________(work) day and night by the cruel boss.
10. When he went back to his home village ten years later, he found it completely _____(change). 11. Passengers are permitted ______(carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. 12. Simon made a big bamboo box _____(keep) the little sick bird till it could fly. 13. Listen! Do you hear someone call for help? 14. I felt something hitting me on the back. 15. Let the children quiet, please. 16. He was heard leave the house.
17. I’ll have him to pay attention to his handwriting. 18. Don’t have the students study all day. 19. All that set me thinking.
20. He got his tooth pull out yesterday.
21. He was caught steal in the shop and was sent to prison.
22. I found my desk mate, Li Yang, play basketball on the playground.
23. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminding of his own dreams. 24. Even the best writers find themselves losing for words.
25. Claire had luggage _______ (check) an hour before her plane left.
26. I have a lot of readings ________ (complete) before the end of this term.
27. Every year, Tom remembers to have some flowers ________ (send) to her mother on her birthday. 28. The director had her assistant _______ (pick) up some hot dogs for the meeting. 29. The two men had their lights ________ (burn) all night long. 30. He had his house _______ (break) into last night.
31. With the world changing fast, we have something new deal with all by ourselves every day. 32. Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls join up.
33. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but meet an even great challenge. 34. He had all his students to stand up and sing the song together. 35. They had the machine run all day and all night.
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36. We won’t have such a thing happening again.
37. Something has gone wrong with my computer. I’ll get it _________ (repair) tomorrow. 38. It’s too noisy outside. I’ll have to get the children ___________ (stop) shouting. 39. The first thing he did every morning was to get his car ____________(start). 40. He was very humorous and often got us ________ (laugh).
41. Considering his illness, the doctor tried to get the patient stop smoking. 42. His sudden appearance got them surprising. 43. He got his ankle hurt in the game yesterday.
44. The boss got them worked as soon as they entered the workshop. 答案：
1. winding 2.washed 3. to speak 4. blocked 5. understand 6. to have acted 7.recognized 8. to take 9. to work 10. changed 11. to carry 12. to keep
13. call改为calling 14. hitting改为hit 15. quiet前加be 16. leave前加to 17.去掉pay前的to 18. study改为studying 19. 正确 20. pull改为pulled 21. steal改为stealing
22.play改为playing 23. reminding改为reminded 24. losing改为lost 25. checked
26.to complete 27. sent 28. pick 29. burning 30. broken 31. deal前加to 32. join改为joined 33. meet前加to 34. 去掉to 35. run改为running 36. 正确 37. repaired 38. to stop 39. started 40. laughing 41. stop 前加to 42. surprising改为surprised 43. 正确 44.worked改为working
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