间）。答案为popular 。
5.被动语态，这里缺少动词。specially design指特别为……设计的。答案为designed。
Many people want to buy small cars because they save 6 . That means saving money on petrol being able to find 7 more easily in crowded cities. [答疑编号506494030327：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】6. fuel 7. parking spaces
【答案解析】6.动词save后需要填入名词作宾语。下句的that means saving money on petrol…给出了提示， fuel 和petrol 对应。答案为fuel。
7.动词find后需要填入名词作宾语。本句可理解为，这意味着在拥挤的城市里，（小型车）在燃料方面更经济，在停车方面更便利。答案为parking spaces。
Carmakers are also spending money 8 research to make alternative-fuel cars. Maybe one day, of us will drive biodiesel（生物柴油）,hydrogen（氢）or solar-powered cars. [答疑编号506494030328：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】8. on
【答案解析】8. 介词on表示关于……。这里指关于……的研究。答案为on。
Hybrids are cars that are already on the market today. Toyota and GM already produce hybridcars, trucks and SUVs that run on petrol and 9 . Other companies, like BMW have made cars that hydrogen and electricity. 10 such cars are still too expensive to produce in large numbers, carmakers are continuing to improve them and make them cheaper. [答疑编号506494030329：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】9. electricity 10. Although
【答案解析】9. and连接两个意义相近的名词。run on petrol and electricity指以汽油和电为动力／燃料。可以和下句的hydrogen and electricity相对应。答案为
electricity。
10. 根据句意，这里有“尽管”、“即使”的意思。用although 引导让步状语从句。答案为Although。
【短文大意】
全世界的汽车制造商都计划把汽车造的更小、更节省燃料而且不危害环境。在全球各地的汽车展览会上，生产者呈现出他们心中的设计。
美国通用汽车公司GM展示了他们一款原型车，称之为P.U.M.A.（Personal Urban Mobility and
Accessibility），它的意思就是“城市个人出行交通工具” 。它看起来像一辆轻便车（马车），有两块电池个座位。
尽管通用公司可能从未生产出微型汽车，但是你可以在市场上购买到其他汽车制造商的小型车。梅赛德斯Smart已经在欧洲流行了一段时间。克莱斯勒公司的GEM Peapod 和丰田公司的IQ就是特别为城市交通设计的小型车。
很多人都想要买小型汽车，因为小车节省燃料。这就意味着节约了花费在汽油上的金钱，加之在拥挤的城小车更加容易找到停车位。
汽车生产者也把资金花费在关于替代燃油汽车的研究上。有可能有一天我们大多数人都将驾驶生物柴油、力或太阳能的汽车。
今天市场上已经有混合动力的汽车。丰田和通用已经生产以汽油和电为燃料的小轿车、卡车和SUV。其他像宝马公司已经生产了以氢和电混合动力汽车。尽管混合动力的汽车价格昂贵，还不能大批量生产，但是汽车者正在继续改进设计，并使价格更便宜一些。 Ⅳ. Translation Section A
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in tbrackets.
1.I'd love to go on holiday but _______（抽不出时间）. （afford） [答疑编号506494030330：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】can't afford to spare time 我想要去度假，但抽不出时间。
【答案解析】I'd like to do我想要做某事。afford, v.负担得起、买得起。答案为。can't afford to spare time。
2.____________________（老两口很少争吵） since they were married 40 years ago. （rarely） [答疑编号506494030331：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】The old couple have rarely quarreled 老两口结婚40年以来很少争吵。
【答案解析】rarely, adv.很少地、极少地。注意本句时态应该用现在完成时。答案为The old couple have rarely quarreled 。
3.Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are ___________________（在杂货店到） .（available）
[答疑编号506494030332：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】available at groceries
为烹饪已经准备好的方便食品在杂货店买得到。
【答案解析】available, adj.可获得的、可得到的。答案为available at groceries。
4.It has caused a heated debate on_________________（电视对孩子的影响）.（impact） [答疑编号506494030333：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】impact of TV on children
关于电视对孩子的影响已经引起激烈的争论（热议）。
【答案解析】impact on sb.固定搭配，对某人的影响。答案为the impact of TV on
children。
5.They should ________________（意识到潜在的风险） in the market. （ be aware of ） [答疑编号506494030334：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】be aware of the potential risk/danger 他们应当意识到在市场上潜在的风险。
【答案解析】be aware of固定搭配，意识到、察觉到。答案为be aware of the potential risks/danger。
Section B
Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
One of the most common images of advanced Western-style culture is that of a busy traffic-fcity. Since their first appearance on American roads，cars have become a symbol of progress, a source of thousands of jobs and almost an inalienable right for citizens wishing to exercise thfreedom of movement. In recent decades, the love affair with the car is being exported directlythe developing world and it is increasingly apparent that this transfer is leading to disaster. [答疑编号506494030335：针对该题提问]
【参考译文】先进的西方文化的最常见的景象之一就是繁忙的交通拥堵的大城市。自从美国道路上第一次汽车开始，汽车就成为进步的象征，数以千计的工作的来源，而且几乎是市民希望来实践他们自由运动的不可的权利。最近几十年以来，对于小汽车的疯狂喜爱使得小汽车向发展中国家直接出口，而且日益明显的是这种正逐渐导致灾难。
Ⅴ Organizing Your Ideas
Directions：Put the following sentences in the proper order, so that they make a complete paragraph.
1. It saves money, time and effort. 2. What is carpooling?
3. I do it, my friends do it and, at times, we do it together.
4. Most of all, it reduces effects of pollution on the environment.
5. It is a car sharing practice, by which more than one person travels in a car. [答疑编号506494030336：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】排列句子顺序： 2 — 5 — 1— 4 — 3
【答案解析】本段向我们介绍了carpooling——拼车。第2句以提问的方式引出下文，应放在段首。第5句是对上句提问的直接回答，“它就是拼车”。接着，第1句进一步讲拼
车的好处。第4句开头的most of all，“（拼车带来的好处中）最重要的是”我们可以判断出此句应放在第1句的后面。第3句说的是结果——所以我这样做了……，应放在最后。
Ⅵ. Reflecting on the Text
With the increase in the general standard of living, many ordinary Chinese families are ablafford a car. However, opinions about whether the purchase of private cars should be encouragedvary. On the one hand, the car industry is an important factor in China's economic growth, and owning a car gives individuals a much greater degree of comfort and mobility. On the other handincreased car use is a major cause of pollution and congestion. What's your opinion on whether purchase of private cars should be encouraged in China? Give reasons and examples to support yo
viewpoint.
【参考译文】随着生活标准的逐渐提高，许多普通的中国家庭能够买得起汽车。然而，关于是否应该鼓励私家车存在各种各样的观点。一方面，汽车工业在中国经济增长中是一个重要因素，并且拥有一辆汽车给个人和舒适程度较大提升。另一方面，增加使用汽车会造成污染和交通阻塞。关于在中国是否应该鼓励购买私家车阐述你的观点，给出原因和例子来支持你的观点。 [答疑编号506494030337：针对该题提问]
【解题思路】本题要求就“是否应提倡买私家车”写出自己的观点。下面以“不同意”这种提倡为中心列作提纲。
1.根据目前私家车数量增加的现象列出自己的观点（disagree）。 2.重点写出不鼓励购买私家车的原因。
（1）环境方面（environment）：大量的私家车容易造成环境污染，目前的污染情况较严重。
（2）家庭支出方面（cost）：城市生活成本较高，应尽量节俭开支。汽车属于消耗品，维护和燃料费用高。
（3）公共交通的便利（public transportation）：近几年公共交通（公交、地铁、铁路等）发展迅猛，们的出行提供了很大的便利，而且费用经济实惠。
3.再次重申自己的观点，鼓励人们绿出行（green travel）。
Text B New Words
1、principle n. a law, a rule or a theory that something is based on 法则；原则；原理
2、convenience n. the quality of being useful, easy or suitable for somebody 方便；适宜：便 3、stumbling block n. something that causes problems and prevents you from achieving your a碍物；绊脚石
4、intention n. what you intend or plan to do; your aim 打算；计划；意图；目的
5、reputed adj. generally thought to be something or to have done something, although this not certain 普遍认为；号称
6、footprint n. a mark left on a surface by a person's foot or shoe or by an animal's foot 印；足迹
7、abstract adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical reality 抽象的具体经验相对）
8、small-scale adj. not large in size or extent; limited in what it does 小型的；小范围的；模的
9、mundane adj. not interesting or exciting 单调的；平凡的
10、individual adj. connected with one person; designed for one person 一个人的；供一人用的 11、entrench v. to establish something very firmly so that it is very difficult to change 使牢固地位；牢固确立
12、sceptic （skeptic） n. a person who usually doubts that claims or statements are true, especially those that other people believe in 惯持怀疑态度的人；怀疑论者
13、concede v. to admit that something is true, logical, etc. 承认（某事属实、合乎逻辑等） 14、generate v. to produce or create something 产生；引起
15、belch v. to send out large amounts of smoke, flames, etc.; to come out of something in amounts （大量）喷出，吐出
16、toxic adj. containing poison; poisonous 有毒的；引起中毒的
17、fumes n. [pl.] smoke, gas, or something similar that smells strongly or is dangerous tobreathe in （浓烈的或有害的）烟，气，汽
18、springboard n. something that helps you start an activity, especially by giving you ide（有助于开展某事的）基础，出发点
19、reap v. to obtain something, especially something good, as a direct result of somethingyou have done 取得（成果）；收获
20、dividend n. an amount of the profits that a company pays to people who own shares in thcompany 红利；股息；股利
21、currently adv. at the present time 目前；当前；时下
22、petrol n. a liquid obtained from petroleum, used as fuel in car engines, etc. 汽油
23、prohibitively adv. used when costs are so high that they prevent people from buying or something （费用等）过高地，过分地
24、pump n. a machine that is used to force liquid or gas into or out of something 泵 25、expend v. to use or spend a lot of time, money, energy, etc. 花费；消费；耗费
26、odd adj. happening or appearing occasionally; not very regular or frequent 偶尔发生的 27、purchase v. to buy something 买；购买；采购
28、kit n. a set of tools or equipment that you use for a particular purpose 成套工具；成套 29、extremely adv. to a very high degree 极其；极端；非常
30、regular adj. following a pattern, especially with the same time and space in between eathing and the next 规则的；有规律的
31、average adj. ordinary; not special 普通的；平常的；一般的
32、offset v. to use one cost, payment or situation in order to cancel or reduce the effectanother 抵消；弥补；补偿
33、incentive n. something that encourages you to do something 激励；刺激；鼓励
34、scheme n. a plan or system for doing or organizing something 计划；方案；体系；体制 35、lease v. to use or let somebody use something, especially property or equipment, in excfor rent or a regular 租用，租借，出租（尤指房地产或设备）
36、subsidize v. to give money to somebody or an organization to help pay for something; toa subsidy 资助；补助；给……发津贴
37、deduct v. to take away money, points, etc. from a total amount （总量中）扣除，减去 38、efficient adj. doing something well and thoroughly with no waste of time, money, or ene效率高的；有能力的
39、basically adv. used when you are giving your opinion or stating what is important aboutsituation 总的说来，从根本上说
40、well-being n. general health and happiness 健康；安乐；康乐
41、aerobic adj. especially designed to improve the function of the heart and lungs 有氧的；心肺功能的
42、boost v. to make something increase, or become better or more successful 使增长；使兴旺 43、fitness n. the state of being physically healthy and strong 健壮；健康 44、brisk adj. quick; busy 快的；敏捷的；忙碌的
45、concentration n. the ability to direct all your effort and attention on one thing, withthinking of other things 专心；专注
46、alertness n. the state of being watchful 警戒，机敏
47、underestimate v. to think or guess that the amount, cost or size of something is smallethan it really is 低估；对…估计不足
48、acuity n. the ability to think, see or hear clearly （思维、视力、听力的）敏度，敏锐 49、edge n. a slight advantage over somebody/ something （微弱的）优势
50、decisive adj. very important for the final result of a particular situation 决定性的；关 51、promotion n. a move to a more important job or rank in a company or an organization 提升拔：晋升
Phrases and Expressions
1、in principle in general but not in detail 大体上：基本上
2、when it comes to… when it is a question of something 当涉及某事（或做某事）时 3、add up to to lead to a particular result; to show something 结果是；表示 4、（all） on your own without any help 独立地 5、in general as a whole 总的说来；从总体上看
6、bear/keep in mind that to remember or consider that 记住 7、depending on according to 视乎；决定于
8、end up to find yourself in a place or situation that you did not intend or expect to be 终成为；最后处于