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Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of the fear faced and mastered.
There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, twoheaded dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their cases were sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girlfriend.
No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child has ever believed that it was.
11.The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ______. A. repeated without variation C. adapted by the parent
B. treated with reverence D. set in the present
12.Some people dislike fairy stories because they feel that they _____. A. tempt people to be cruel to children B. show the primitive cruelty in children
C. lend themselves to undesirable experiments with children D. increase a tendency to sadism in children
13.Fairy stories are a means by which children’s impulses may be ______. A. beneficially channeled
B. given a destructive tendency D. effectively suppressed
C. held back until maturity
14.The advantage claimed for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it ______. A. makes them come to terms with their fears B. develops their power of memory
C. convinces them there is nothing to be afraid of D. encourages them not to have ridiculous beliefs
15.The author’s mention of broomsticks and telephones is meant to suggest that ______. A. fairy stories are still being made up
B. there is confusion about different kinds of truth C. people try to modernise old fairy stories
D. there is more concern for children’s fears nowadays
Reading Passage 4
By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle along, doing a bit of this subject or that, as the mood takes them, or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment.
Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did construct a timetable for
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themselves they would not keep to it,or would have to alter it constantly, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.
No doubt some temperaments take much more kindly to a regular routine than others. There are many who shy away from the selfregimentation of a weekly timetable, and dislike being tied down to a definite programme of work. Many able students claim that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic they work on it intensively for three or four days at a time. On other days they avoid work completely. It has to be confessed that we do not fully understand the complexities of the motivation to work. Most people over 25 years of age have become conditioned to a work routine, and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important aspects of their work. The ‘toughminded’ school of workers is usually very contemptuous of the idea that good work can only be done spontaneously, under the influence of inspiraton.
Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of ‘freedom’.Freedom from restraint and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to ‘selfexpression’ or ‘personality development’.Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality, and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society we have to comply with its demands. 16.The most widespread problem in applying oneself to study is that of ______. A. the failure to keep to a routine of methodical and intensive work B. changing from one subject to another C. unwillingness to follow a systematic plan
D. applying oneself to a subject only when one feels inclined 17.According to the selection, there are many students who ______. A. do not like being commanded to study according to a weekly timetable B. are too timid to accustom themselves to a weekly timetable
C. refuse to exert themselves the whole week as if under military discipline D. shrink from the selfdiscipline required for working to a weekly plan 18.Those workers with strict views on work ______.
A. are very critical of the belief that good work can be a natural product of instinct B. reject the idea that good work is second nature to man
C. do not regard as serious the opinion that good work can be done at any time regardless of inspiration
D. are deeply scornful of the idea that good work can only be done when free from external influence and prompted by internal stimulus
19.In Paragraph 4 “as the fit takes them” means ______. A. when they have the energy
B. when they are in the mood D. when they feel fit
C. when they find conditions suitable
20.A suitable title for the passage might be ______.
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A. Attitudes to Study Ⅳ.Questions:(10%)
B. Study Plans
D. Study and Selfdiscipline
C. The Difficulties of Studying
All the questions are based on Reading Passage 5. Answer the questions with the fewest words possible.
Reading Passage 5
Research that went into developing the highly specialized technology for space travel has resulted in many unexpected practical applications back on earth. Out of the engineering that produced rocket motors, liquid propellants, space suits, and other necessities of space flight came by-products that no one had anticipated. Equipment and procedures designed for astronauts and space flights have been successfully adapted for use in medicine, industry, and the home. These valuable products of space research, called spin-offs, have improved the quality of life on earth in many ways.
Some of the best-known examples of spin-offs from space research are found in hospitals and doctors’ offices. One such example is the sight switch, which was originally developed to allow astronauts to control their spacecraft without using their hands. The sight switch is now used by handicapped people to operate devices using eye movements. Another spin-off is the voice command device, which was designed to enable astronauts to steer their spacecraft by voice command. This device is now being used to help deaf people learn to speak.
Doctors have also benefited from the technology required to make miniature electronic instruments small enough and durable enough for trips into space. From this technology have come hearing aids the size of an aspirin and television cameras small enough to be attached to a surgeon’s head to give medical students a close-up view of an operation.
Biotelemetry, which was developed to monitor the physical signs of astronauts by checking their temperature, brain-wave activity, breathing rate, and heartbeat, offers doctors a new means of monitoring hospital patients. Biosensors attached to the body send data by wire or radio. This information is displayed on terminals for doctors to analyze.
Aerospace scientists in England developed a special bed for astronauts that is now used for burn patients. It enables them to float on a cushion of air. The burns can heal more quickly because they do not rub against the bed.
1.What does the technical term “spin-offs” refer to?
2.According to the author, the deveopment of the highly specialized technology has not only made space travel possible but also ______.
3.Using word-part and contextual clues, we may infer that “biotelemetry” means the monitoring and measuring of a living organism’s ______ by the use of telemetry techniques. 4.What is the author primarily concerned with in this passage?
5.What would be the most logical topic for the author to address in succeeding paragraphs? Ⅴ.Translate the following short passage into Chinese.(20%)
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On an evening in the latter part of May, a middle-aged man was walking homeward from Shaston to the village of Marlott, in the adjoining Vale of Blakemore or Blackmoor. The pair of legs that carried him were shaky, and there was a leaning to the left in his walking manner. He occasionally gave a smart nod, as if to make sure some opinion, though he was not thinking of anything in particular. An empty egg-basket was hung upon his arm, the top of his hat was wrinkled, a patch being quite worn away at its brim where his thumb came in taking it off. Presently he was met by an elderly parson riding on a gray mare, who, as he rode, hummed a wandering tune.
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