本科毕业设计说明书
乙炔反应器出料冷却器设计
ACETYLENE REACTOR DISCHARGING
COOLER DESIGN
学院（部）： 专业班级： 学生姓名： 指导教师：
2012年 06 月 05
安徽理工大学毕业设计
乙炔反应器出料冷却器设计
摘要
合成乙炔工业中，对出料进行冷却是工艺中的一个重要环节，因而冷却器是该工业中的必备设备。本设计从生产实际出发，根据生产环境及生产能力的需求，选择合适的换热器类型，然后根据具体生产工况，按相关设计规范，进行基于整体结构的工艺设计，再对相关辅助部件进行机械设计，最终设计出一台满足要求的换热器。浮头式换热器是管壳式换热器系列中的一种，它的特点是两端管板只有一端与外壳固定死，另一端可相对壳体滑移，称为浮头。浮头式换热器由于管束的膨胀不受壳体的约束，因此不会因管束之间的差胀而产生温差热应力，另外浮头式换热器的优点还在于拆卸方便，易清洗。设计的前半部分是工艺计算部分，主要设根据设计传热系数.压强校核.壳程压降.管程压降的计算。设计的后半部分则是关于结构和强度的设计，主要是根据已经选定的换热器型式进行设备内各零部件（如壳体. 折流板.分程隔板.拉杆.进出口管.浮头箱.浮头.支座.法兰.）的设计
关键词:工艺设计，机械设计，开孔补强
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安徽理工大学毕业设计
ACETYLENE REACTOR DISCHARGING
COOLER DESIGN
ABSTRACT
Synthesis of ethylene industry, the discharge of cooling is an important link in the process which makes cooler be the necessary equipment in this industry. The design comes from the actual production. we will choose the proper type of heat exchanger according to the production environment and production needs. Then complete the process design and related auxiliary parts of machinery design, according to the relevant specifications and design according to the design specification. Finally, to complete the task of designing the heat exchanger, Floating head type heat exchanger is a shell and tube heat exchanger in the series, it is characterized by both ends of the tube plate and shell is fixed only at one end, the other end can be relative to the casing slip, known as the floating head. Floating head type heat exchanger tube bundle from the shell due to expansion of the constraints, thus not due to differential expansion between tube bundles arising from thermal stress, The first is the process design calculation section, established according to the design of the heat transfer coefficient. Shell-side pressure drop calculation of pressure drop of tube. The latter part of the design is the design of the structure and strength, are mainly based on the heat exchanger type has been selected for equipment parts (such as a casing. Pipe box fixed tube plate. Pass partition. Pull rod. The floating head flange.)
KEYWARDS：Process design, mechanical design, opening reinforcement
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安徽理工大学毕业设计
目录
摘要................................................................ I ABSTRACT........................................................... II 1绪论 .............................................................. 1 1.1 换热器概述...................................................... 1 1.2 浮头式换热器.................................................... 2 2 换热器设计........................................................ 3 2.1 换热器计算方法依据.............................................. 3 2.2 换热器工艺设计计算.............................................. 3 2.2.1 确定设计方案................................................ 3 2.2.2定性温度和物性参数计算 ...................................... 3 2.3初选结构 ........................................................ 4 2.3.1管排列方式 .................................................. 4 2.3.2管子外径 .................................................... 5 2.3.3折流板的选择 ................................................ 7 2.3.4校核总换热系数 .............................................. 7 3、换热器的机械设计计算............................................ 10 3.1换热流程设计 ................................................... 10 3.1.1管子和传热面积 ............................................. 10 3.1.2壳体 ....................................................... 10 3.2.前端管箱筒体计算............................................... 11 3.2.2前端管箱封头的设计计算 ..................................... 13 3.2.3外头盖筒体计算 ............................................. 14 3.2.4外头盖封头计算 ............................................. 15 3.2.5浮头设计计算 ............................................... 16 3.2.6壳程外压作用下浮头盖的计算 ................................. 18 3.2.7管板的设计计算 ............................................. 19 3.2.8接管及开孔补强计算 ......................................... 25 4其他结构选择 ..................................................... 27 4.1.1换热器支座选择和设计 ......................................... 27
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安徽理工大学毕业设计
4.1.2法兰选择 ..................................................... 30 4.1.3拉杆的选取 ................................................... 31 4.1.4防冲与导流 ................................................... 32 4.1.5安装与拆卸 ................................................... 33 总结............................................................... 34 主要参考文献....................................................... 35 致谢............................................................... 40
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