2018届高考涨分 英语专题专攻 语法填空(含有解析)
请圈中“题眼”
比如41空the age of,42空1970s,43空and,44空remember,45空even递进 Exercise One
I was born in a town called Blackburn, in the northwest of England, and lived there till I left home 41 the age of eighteen. My parents had moved to England from India during 42 1970s.
As a child, I went to my local school and, of course 43 (speak) English with a local accent. But home was very different: we lived in a kind of “little India”, with a huge extended family of uncles and aunts. I remember 44 (feel) part of this big thing called “family”, and an even 45 (big) thing called “India”. I suppose my family 46 (real) influenced me while I was growing up. They used to talk about India as “home” — even 47 at that time I had never been there! To me, it doesn’t seem at all strange to grow up as part of two cultures. I am always thinking that growing up with two cultures is a gift, not a 48 (advantage). Now as a mother, I want my child 49 (get) in contact(接触) with her Indian roots too, so we are planning to visit there later this year. All her Indian 50 (cousin) are expecting to meet her!
Exercise Two
Researchers find that___41___large amount of African dust can blow all the way across the Atlantic Ocean and fall on North and South Americas.
African dust storms can harm air quality_____42_____the ocean. But a new research by scientists from other countries_____43_____ (show) the storms also can do some good.____44____is found that an average of 28 million metric tons of Saharan dust falls in South America’s Amazon River basin each year. Scientists say the
dust
is
an
important____45____(provide)
of
fertilizer.
“Yes,
it’s_____46_____(surprise) because of the huge amount of dust and phosphorous(磷),___47___ is a nutrient that plants need_____48_____(grow),” one of them says.
In fact, the phosphorous_____49_____(fall) from the sky is about the same as the amount that rivers carry out each year. The thick rainforest and the desert dust____50____(join) together on one small planet.
Exercise Three
You may feel short of money even if you have a good salary. The following are
some tips on 41 to save your money. First, set goals to save money and form money-saving 42 (habit) while staying away from those who waste money. Think twice before using money on expensive skin care products.
Second, cut down your daily expenses. When going to a supermarket, write down what you want to buy to avoid 43 (buy) unnecessary stuff. Girls, 44 always spend money on clothes, should keep 45 eye open for discounts --- you’re likely to buy good summer dress in winter at a 46 (reason) price. Third, economize your social life. When it’s your turn to buy a meal, invite your friends to your home and cook the dinner 47 (you). If you separate from your boyfriend, you 48 (suppose) to donate the gifts he sent to you to some charities instead 49 throwing them away.
50 (eventual), you need to find other ways to earn extra money.
Exercise One
61. at 62. the 63. spoke 64. feeling 65. bigger
66. really 67. though/if 68. disadvantage 69. to get 70. cousins
Exercise Two
41. a 42. across 43. shows 44. It 45. provider
46. surprising 47. which 48. to grow 49. falling 50. are joined
Exercise Three
41 how 42 habits 43 buying 44 who 45 an
46 reasonable 47 yourself 48 are supposed 49 of 50 Eventually
【一】
The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship __1__ Sydney in the State of New South Wales and Guangzhou in the province of Guangdong, China (sister cities of sister states), to mark Australia’s bicentenary in 1988.
The garden __2__ (design) and built by Chinese landscape architects and gardeners __3__ (follow) the Taoist principles of “Yin-Yang” and the five opposite elements — earth, fire, water, metal and wood. These principles also stress the __4__ (important) of Qi, the central force of life and energy.
Yin-Yang __5__ (play) such a vital role that just one missing element would disrupt (扰乱) the garden’s harmony and balance. However when __6__ (combine) perfectly, the five elements form a fluid and nurturing environment. Everything you encounter in the garden has been
hand-picked and very carefully placed to capture the five elements and the energy of Qi.
Unlike western-style gardens, there are no planted flowerbeds __7__ neatly-cut lawns. Instead, wild __8__ (aspect) of nature are recreated in landscapes __9__ feature waterfalls, mountains, lakes and forests.
The art of Chinese Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang dynasty 3,000 years ago. Darling Harbour’s Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small-scale version of a __10__ (type) private garden from this time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了象征友谊的中国园林的设计原理和风格，以及园林里的一些特色风景。
1．between between ... and ...意为“在……和……之间”，此处指作为两座城市之间友谊的象征，符合语境。故填between。
2．was designed 根据语境可知，这座花园是由中国的景观设计师和园艺家设计修建的。主语“The garden”与design之间构成被动关系，且此处是陈述过去发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was designed。
3．following 此处指景观设计师和园林师遵循道家的阴阳法则。根据语境可知，“architects and gardeners”与动词follow之间构成主动关系，故应用follow的现在分词形式作状语。故填following。
4．importance 句意：阴阳和五行强调“气”的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量。根据词法知识可知，此处应用important的名词形式作动词“stress”的宾语，且用定冠词“the”修饰。故填importance。
5．plays 句意：阴阳起着如此关键的作用，以至于一个要素的缺失都会扰乱花园的和谐与平衡。根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时；主语“Yin-Yang”是抽象名词，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
6．combined 句意：当五个要素完美结合时，就形成了一个流动的培养环境。此处when引导的是时间状语从句，主句主语“the five elements”与动词combine之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，其中主语和be动词可省略。故填combined。
7．or 句意：与西式风格的花园不同，这个花园里没有种植花圃和修剪整齐的草坪。在否定句中表示“和……”用连词or。故填or。
8．aspects 根据下文中的“are recreated”可知，主语是复数。故填aspects。
9．that/which 根据语境可知，这些风景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林为特色。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“landscapes”，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。故填that/which。
10．typical 根据空格前的“a”和空格后的“private garden”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，typical意为“典型的”。故填typical。
【二】
My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn’t far __1__ Chinatown, where I found some very good Chinese restaurants.
The first time I ever ate Chinese food, I loved it. I __2__ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables. When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why __3__ has this special feature.
Many years ago, China had __4__ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor __5__ (manage) of its forests. This loss was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their __6__ (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren’t any substitutes so people found ways to economize.
In order to economize in __7__ (cook), they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables into small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked __8__ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food __9__ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavor — and it’s this flavor __10__ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者对中国食物的热爱和中国烹饪的由来。 1．from 句意：我们的办公室离唐人街不远…… be far from意为“离……远”，符合句意。故填from。
2．noticed 根据上下文的时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填noticed。
3．it 句意：当我对这种食物了解得更多时，我开始明白为什么这种食物会如此特别。空格处与前一分句中的“the food”为同一事物，为了避免重复，故用代词“it”指代“the food”。故填it。
4．an 句意：多年以前，中国发生了一次能源危机……空格处修饰“energy crisis”，表示泛指，crisis在该句中为可数名词单数，且“energy”的读音以元音音素开头，因此填不定冠词an。
5．management 根据空格前的形容词poor及空格后的介词of可知，空格处应为名词。故填management。
6．valuable 空格后是名词wood，因此应用所给词的形容词形式修饰wood。故填valuable。
7．cooking 介词in后用名词、代词或动名词。cook作名词时意为“厨师”，不合句意，因此要用其动名词形式cooking，意为“烹饪”。
8．faster “the food cooked ________”与and后的“they saved more fuel”是并列关系，故此处也应用副词fast的比较级faster。
9．prepared 分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是kept，故prepare是非谓语动词。prepare与主语the food之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用其过去分词形式。故填prepared。
10．that 去掉it’s和空格后，句子剩余部分结构和意义都完整。由此可知，本句是一个强调句。故填that。
【三】
At my workplace there aren’t enough __1__(opportunity) to be different. We give care to others but sometimes we forget to care for __2__(we) and each other.
So, I print __3__(inspire) messages, happy pictures, etc, and post them on a blank space __4__ I’ve found in one of our rooms. I believe they add to our “emotional education”．
One person asked me, “Why do you try to help these people? They are not very nice？” My answer __5__(be), “If it affects one person then it’s a good thing.” It doesn’t matter whether it has an impact __6__ anyone else. What matters is that I’m the __7__(good) person I can be.
I know those __8__(print) stories and articles are read because they keep getting moved about. So, __9__(eventual), like sandpaper against a rough surface, __10__ surface will become smooth and the messages will get through. How long it takes really doesn’t matter.
语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们关爱别人的同时，也不要忘记关爱自己。
1．opportunities 根据空前的“there aren’t”可知，there be句型中的主语应用复数形式。 2．ourselves 但有时我们忘记了关心自己和互相关心。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，且主语和宾语表达相同的意思，故此处使用反身代词。
3．inspiring 根据语境可知，所填词作定语，修饰messages，故用形容词inspiring“令人鼓舞的”。
4．that/which 分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词a blank space，且在从句中作宾语，故用that/which。
5．was 根据上文中的“One person asked me”可知，此处也应用一般过去时态。 6．on 此处是固定搭配have an impact on ...“对……有影响”。 7．best 根据空前的“the”可知，此处应用最高级，故填best。
8．printed 分析句子结构可知，空处在此作前置定语修饰stories and articles，且print与stories and articles之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故此处使用过去分词作定语。
9．eventually 根据语境可知，此处应使用副词eventually作状语修饰整个句子。 10．the 此处surface为特指，空处应使用the。
【四】
Do you have sleeping problems? If so, then these tips may help you fall asleep fast.