media data.
The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.
“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.
It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller.
Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.
Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.
Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.
The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them. 73. What does the phrase “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to? A. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to. B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites. C. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly. D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.
74. It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______. A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark scheme B. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think C. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scale
D. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models
75. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______. A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years old
B. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understand
C. the information they collected could become more valuable in future D. it remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantage of 76. The writer advises users of social media to _______.
A. think carefully before posting anything onto such websites
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B. read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemark C. take no further action if they can find a kitemark D. avoid providing too much personal information
77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Say no to social media?
B. New security rules in operation? C. Accept without reading? D. Administration matters!
【答案】73. A 74. B 75. D 76. B 77. C 【解析】
试题分析：当我们在社交媒体上注册登记的时候，总会签署一些无意义的法律合同，文章就此现象展开了讨论，并列举了多人的不同观点。
73.A 词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句“...... has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts....”可知很多社交媒体公司和用户签订了没有意义的法律合同。而这些合同是没有意义的废话，也起不到任何作用，很多用户根本没有仔细阅读合同的具体内容。故A正确。 74.B 推理判断题。根据第五段前二句“Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data.”可知Nigel Shadbolt认为如果我们去做相关调查，人们会认为他们会很注意这些认证标记的。故B项正确。
75.D 推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.可知我们现在还不知道所签署的这些长期的无意义的合同未来会给他们带来什么样的影响。也不知道未来人们会怎么利用这样的信息。故D项正确。
【名师点睛】
本文属于主旨大意题。主旨大意题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。根据多年的备考及高考实践，这类题目考察的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。选择“标题”则是让考生给所读的文章选择一个合适的标题。通常标题由一个名词或名词短语充当，用词简短、精练。 文章标题的选择或拟定
1. 要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系； 2. 再看它对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何； 3. 要注意题目是过大还是过小；
4. 要避免下列三种错误：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；②过度
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概括（多表现为人为扩大范围）；③以事实、细节替代抽象概括的大意。
要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方式。一般来说，标题的拟定方式是：以话题为核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句句意或中心思想的词组。 比如某一文章的中心句子为：
Coffee is a universal drink that is served in different ways around the world.
话题：Coffee
控制性概念：is a universal drink that is served in different ways around the world 标题：Coffee Around the World
以为例, 现在的网站中或者社交媒体软件中，我们在注册用户名或安装的时候，总会有一些合同或条约让我们签署。很多人从来都没有详细阅读这些合同条款就签名了。作者提出我们应该仔细阅读条款内容，然后再签名。C项“Accept without reading?未阅读就接受?”符合文章中心思想。
考点：考查社会现象类阅读
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion(拥堵) at some of the country’s busiest stations.
In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour. A six-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times . it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years. According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.
A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: “It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.”
Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.
The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500 people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.
In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three “up” escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.
(Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN
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TEN WORDS.)
78. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left? 79. What did last year’s three-week trial at Holborn station prove?
80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least _________ in height.
81. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other “up” escalators will be used for_________________. 【答案】
78. The capacity of escalators hasn't been made full use of. 79. Passengers can go quicker by standing still. 80. 18.5m
81. standing only and a mix of walking and standing
【解析】 试题分析：本文属于议论文，禁止人们在电子扶梯上走动，并让所有的乘客站在扶梯的两边，这种做法增加了电子扶梯的容量，文章就此内容展开讨论。 78. The capacity of escalators hasn't been made full use of.
推理判断题。根据第二段In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.所有的游客将被迫站在电子扶梯的两边，以增加电子扶梯的载客量，减轻高峰期的交通压力。也就是说原来的方法并没有充分利用好电子扶梯的容量。 79. Passengers can go quicker by standing still.
也可以在上面步行。 考点：考查任务型阅读
第II卷(共47分)
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。（hope） 2.二十世纪末中国经济迅速发展。（witness）
3.为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗？（point） 4.虽然当时我年幼，不理解这部电影的含义，但我记得我的家人都感动得落泪了。（too…to…） 5.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。（The moment…） 【答案】
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1. I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday.
2. The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China’s economy.
3. What is the point of/in lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes? / Is there any point (in) lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes?
4. Although I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film, I remember my family were moved to tears.
5. The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy. 【解析】 试题分析：
1. I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday.
动词hope“希望”本身就含有未来的语义，后面所接从句通常表示将来的事情。本句中副词someday意为“有朝一日”通常和一般将来时连用。
2. The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China’s economy.
动词witness目睹，见证；本句属于拟人化的修辞，使用无生命的事物做主语。同时注意时态，二十世纪属于过去的时间，所以使用一般过去时的时态。
3. What is the point of/in lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes? / Is there any point (in) lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes?
本句可以使用固定句型：There is a point in doing sth做某事有意义；
4. Although I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film, I remember my family were moved to tears.
本句中although引导让步状语从句，表示上下文的转折关系。同时固定结构“too...to...太....而不能.....”表示否定含义。
5. The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy. 本句中名词短语the moment转换成连词短语，意为“一...就....”，引导时间状语从句。 考点：考查完成句子
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”。通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异（数据如图所示）。根据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你必须：
1. 描述调研数据；
2. 分析可能导致这一结果的原因。
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【答案】 （略）
并适当使用串联词。 考点：考查图表作文
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