第一部分：单词英译汉
1、cytokines （细胞因子 ）
2、polymerase chain reaction（聚合酶链反应（=PCR） 3、hormone（荷尔蒙）
4、loose connective tissue（疏松结缔组织）
5、highly pathogenic avian influenza virus（高致病性禽流感病毒） 6、general anesthesia （全身麻醉） 7、author index（作者索引） 8、morbidity（发病;发病率） 9、chick embryo（鸡胚）
10、monoclone antibody（单克隆抗体） 11、polyavitaminosis（多种维生素缺乏症） 12、pulmonary artery（肺动脉） 13、mortality（死亡数;死亡率[S1]） 14、cross-protection（交叉保护） 15、lymphocyte（淋巴球,淋巴细胞） 16、myocardium（心肌） 17、target cell（靶细胞） 18、serum （浆液;血清）
19、the infected blood （血液感染） 20、inflammation（炎症;发炎） 21、metabolism（新陈代谢）
22、sulfonamide antimicrobials（磺胺抗生素） 23、intravenous（静脉内的）
24、mastitis（乳腺炎） 25、interleukins（白细胞介素） 26、streptococcosis suis （猪链球菌病） 27、drug interactions（药物相互作用） 28、gentamicin（庆大霉素）
29、Science Citation Index( SCI)) （科学引文索引） 30、sandwich ELISA（夹心酶联免疫吸附试验）
第二部分：请将下列句子中下画线部分译成汉语
1、In this paper, we report the effect of plasma change in a ewe with this syndrome.（并发症状）
2、Co-infection and interaction of different immunosuppressive viruses （抑制免疫力的）
3、Co-infection and interaction of different immunosuppressive viruses （混合感染）
4、Twenty-one Merino sheep which had been drenched with anthelmintics were used in this study．（驱虫药）
5、Drug interactions may occur in vitro when incompatible drugs are mixed in the
same syringe or vial or when drugs are mixed in incompatible solvents. （在试管内）
6、Avian influenza virus is shed in high concentrations in the feces and survives for long periods, especially in water at low temperature. （浓度） 7、The featherless broiler is ready to go to market. （炙肉）
8、Paramyxovirus I and infectious bronchitis virus A-6 were used as control antigens. （抑制）
9、Frequently, concurrent administration of more than one drug is needed to achieve
therapeutic goals. （管理部门;行政机构,政府）
10、18 (46%) of the flocks gave positive tests. （确定的;确实的）
第三部分：句子英译汉
1、Detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the serum of fowls from non-vaccinated flocks. 抗体检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的酶联免疫测定血清中的禽未接种疫苗的羊群。
2、It was not until 1998 that the phenomenon of RNAi was discovered. 直到1998那个核糖核酸干扰的现象cai被发现
3、Cytokines that are produced by mononuclear phagocytes are sometimes called
monokines, and those produced by lymphocytes are commonly called lymphokines.
细胞因子是由单核吞噬细胞有时被称为单核因子，而产生的淋巴细胞通常被称为淋巴因子。
4、Avian influenza viruses have also been isolated in many countries from imported
caged birds.
禽流感病毒也被孤立在许多国家进口关在笼里的鸟儿
5、Influence of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Infection on Swine Immune Functions.
影响猪2型圆环病毒（PCV 2）感染对猪免疫功能。 6、Vitamin K is not absorbed from the upper intestine. 维生素不吸收从小肠上部。
第四部分：句子汉译英
1、 广西大学动物科学技术学院预防兽医学教研室
Guangxi University College of animal science and Technology Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
2、广西禽流感病毒的分离和鉴定
Guangxi avian influenza virus isolation and identification
第五部分：请按照译文翻译格式将下文翻译成汉语（20分）。
Aust Vet J. 2006 Jan-Feb;84(1-2):59-62. 奥斯特兽医荷兰J . 2006；84（1）：59 - 62
Newcastle Disease Antibody Test Kit
纽卡斯尔病抗体检测试剂盒
Chutinimitkul S, Payungporn S, Chieochansin T, Suwannakarn K, Theamboonlers A, Poovorawan Y.
Newcastle Disease is an economically important disease of domestic turkeys. Clinical signs associated with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection vary from mild, subclinical infection to fulminating disease with high mortality.The ProFLOK? NDV-T ELISA Kit is a rapid serologic test for the detection of NDV antibody in turkey serum samples. It was developed primarily to aid in the detection of pre and post – vaccination NDV antibody levels in turkeys. The assay is designed to measure turkey NDV antibody bound to NDV antigen Coated plates. The principle of the test is as follows: Serum obtained from turkeys exposed to Newcastle Disease Virus contains specific anti-NDV antibodies. Serum, diluted in Dilution Buffer, is added to an NDV antigen coated plate. After washing the plated, an affinity purified goat anti-turkey IgG (H+L) peroxidase conjugate is added to each well. The antibody-antigen complex remaining from the previous step binds with the conjugate. After a brief incubation period, the unbound conjugate is removed by a second wash step. Substrate, which contains a chromagen, is added to each well. Chromagen color change (from clear to green-blue) occurs in the presence of the peroxidase enzyme. The relative intensity of color developed in 15 minutes (compared to controls) is directly proportional to the level of NDV antibody in the serum. After the substrate has incubated, Stop Solution is added to each well to terminate the reaction and the plate is read using an ELISA plate reader At 405-410nm.
纽卡斯尔是一个经济上重要的疾病的国内火鸡。临床症状与纽卡斯尔病病毒（病毒）感染不同，从轻微，亚临床感染暴发性疾病的高死亡率。proflok?ndv-t试
剂盒是一个快速血清学试验检测新城疫病毒抗体在土耳其血清样本。它是主要帮助检测前和后–接种新城疫病毒抗体水平的火鸡。该法的目的是衡量火鸡新城疫抗体绑定到病毒抗原涂层板。检测原理如下：血清获得火鸡暴露纽卡斯尔疾病病毒包含具体的反病毒抗体。血清稀释，稀释液，添加到新城疫病毒抗原涂层板。清洗后镀，亲和纯化山羊anti-turkey抗体（+1）过氧化物酶结合物被添加到每个井。抗体抗原复杂剩余从前面的步骤，结合共轭。经过简短的孵化期，约束共轭去除一次清洗步骤。基板，其中包含一个快，添加到每个井。快颜色的变化（从清晰到蓝绿）发生在过氧化物酶的存在。相对强度的颜色在15分钟（与对照组相比）是成正比的新城疫病毒抗体的血清。基板后已培养，阻止溶液加入到每一个终止反应和板是阅读使用酶标板读者405-410nm
The Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Protein of Newcastle
纽卡斯尔的血凝素神经氨酸酶蛋白
Disease Virus Determines Tropism and Virulence
病毒取向和毒性
Zhuhui Huang,? Aruna Panda,? Subbiah Elankumaran,? Dhanasekaran Govindarajan, Daniel D. Rockemann, and Siba K. Samal*
Received 20 October 2003/Accepted 11 December 2003
The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) plays a crucial role in the process of infection. However, the exact contribution of the HN gene to NDV pathogenesis is not known. In this study, the role of the HN gene in NDV virulence was examined. By use of reverse genetics procedures, the HN genes of a virulent recombinant NDV strain, rBeaudette C (rBC), and an avirulent recombinant NDV strain, rLaSota, were exchanged. The hemadsorption and neuraminidase activities of the chimeric viruses showed significant differences from those of their parental strains, but heterotypic F and HN pairs were equally effective in fusion promotion. The tissue tropism of the viruses was shown to be dependent on the origin of the HN protein. The chimeric virus with the HN protein derived from the virulent virus exhibited a tissue predilection similar to that of the virulent virus, and vice versa. The chimeric viruses with reciprocal HN proteins either gained or lost virulence, as determined by a standard intracerebral pathogenicity index test of chickens and by the mean death time in chicken embryos (a measure devised to classify these viruses), indicating that virulence is a function of the amino acid differences in the HN protein. These results are consistent with the