动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
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第八次课：动词及时态（二）
将来时 一、概念：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
一般过去时 一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t） ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
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⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以―辅音字母+y‖结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
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第九次课：动词及时态（三）
There be 句型与have, has
There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？ 8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语？
一、考点分析
考点一：时态在状语从句中的考察。（主要是时态的搭配使用） A、“主将从现”原则
[例] ---I’ll plan a visit to Hong Kong if it ____ tomorrow . --- Really ? I think I ________with you .
A. don’t rain , go B. won’t rain , go
C. isn’t rain , will go D. doesn’t rain , will go
B、一般过去时与三种时态的搭配使用：一般过去时与过去完成时，一般过去时与过去进行时，一般过去时与过去将来时
[例] He was sure that he his wallet in the office .
A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left [例] When she _____ at the door, my mother _____ some washing.
A. knocked… did B. was knocking… did C. knocked… was doing D. knocks… is doing
考点二：语境中时态的对比使用（主要是时态的区分） A、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
[例] ----______ you ever ________ Tom before ? ---- No, I _____ him just two minutes ago.
A. Did, know ; met B. Have, known ; have met
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C. Have, known; met D. Did, know; had met
B、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
[例] Mr. Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.
A. is writing…is writing B. is writing… writes C. writes… is writing D. writes… writes
C、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别
[例] — How did the accident happen?
— You know, it difficult to see the road clearly because
it .
A. was…was raining B. was…had rained C. is…is raining D. was…rained 考点三：延续性动词在时态中与时间状语的搭配使用（主要是在完成时中的使用）
A、在特殊疑问句中的考查 [例] -- How long ______ you __________England , Sue ? -- Since two years ago.
A. have, been to B. have , gone to C. have , been in D. have , moved to
B、在句型中的考查
[例] It ______ two years since he _______ the Party.
A. is; has joined B. was; joined C. has been; joined D. had been; joined
C、在一般过去时与现在完成时之间进行转换中的考查 [例] The meeting has been off for two hours .
It _______________________since _______________. The meeting ___________________two hours ago.
二、易错点分析
1、when引导的时间状语从句中，时态的对比使用问题
[例] When I _____ the Children's Palace, the children _____ with joy. A. visited… was jumping B. was visiting , jumped C. visited… jumped D. visited , had jumped
[例] My father ______________in this school when he was 12 years old .
A. study B. was studying C. would study D. studied
2、主将从现中，一般将来时的表达方式问题
[例] My sister to see me . She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
3、回答中动词的重复替代问题
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[例] ----______ you ______ the text?
---- Yes, we _____ it two hours ago.
A. Did, copy; did B. Have, copied; have copied C. Have, copied; did D. Did, copy; had 4、语境的限制问题
[例] ---Hi! Kelly . I didn't see you at the party. ---Oh, I ________ ready for the maths exam.
A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got 5、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则
[例] The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ________Christmas Day. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 6、母语理解干扰的问题
[例] --- I am so sorry , I ____________your number , can you say it again ? --- 89907622
A. had forgotten B. have forgotten C. forgot D. Forget
分析：
1CD2B3C4B5A6B
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