康皎成：芦北矿两井贯通测量方案设计与精度估算
schools have been set up mine surveying profession, has trained 20,000 more than for our expertise. Since 1992, the program in accordance with national specialty catalog, grouped into measurement (painted) Engineering (academic). In scientific research, in 1956 in Tangshan Coal Mine Surveying Research Institute was established in 1982 to research branch of Tangshan Coal Mine Surveying Institute. The Institute and the Beijing Research Institute of Coal Mining Institute of Science, Changsha Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and other research institutes, and universities related to vigorously carry out the research work of mine surveying in the field. Research projects for the national economy should be the main battlefield of soil directly for the production of construction, while the support at the national and ministries, but also undertake some exploratory, cutting-edge research topics. In addition, there are a number of investigation, design agencies, such as Xi'an Administration of Coal Geology Bureau of aerial remote sensing, China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources, Geology and Prospecting Center, aerial Remote Sensing Centre of Nuclear Industry, China Petroleum Exploration and Development Institute, also have carried out the investigation and development of mineral resources research and engineering work.
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辽宁工程技术大学毕业设计（论文）
2 Mine the nature and role of surveying disciplines
Mine Surveying is an interdisciplinary, it is the integrated use of mapping, geological and mining engineering and other disciplines, research techniques, processing or settlement of mine geological prospecting, planning, design, construction, development and production operations in the entire process, from ground to underground, from the ore body (seam) to the rock, under static and dynamic geometry of space, resources and environment. Its content and technology with the following three aspects of the situation and development are closely related: one of Surveying and Mapping Technology and equipment development; third mining engineering and mining technology and requirements; third is the development and influence of other disciplines, such as geology, rock mechanics, environmental science and land science, computer science, and economics. For a long time, mine surveying workers shoulder a mine on the ground and underground three-dimensional measurement, positioning and mapping, orebody modeling and three-dimensional visualization, management and exploitation of mineral reserves calculated supervision, observation and exploration of mining subsidence damage to defense mission. The past 20 years, actively involved in domestic and international mining and mining cities, the environment, ecological environment reconstruction (restoration) work. Mine ecological environment monitoring, analysis and evaluation, control, the Land Reclamation (LandReclamation), Environmental Restoration (Environmental Rehabilitation) or reconstruction, rehabilitation (Resmration), mining on the social and environmental impacts (The Impact of Mining in the Social and Environment) and its prevention and control of growing concern. Measured according to the International Association of Mining (ISM) of the Constitution and the international mining interests in China cause more developed countries, the situation of measurement, mine survey and the corresponding institutions of science and technology functions and business areas can be summarized as follows:
(1) the formulation and interpretation of relevant laws and regulations, mineral tenure issues, mine surveying education, training and history;
(2) the use of traditional and digital technologies for surface and underground mining operations of various measurements, record storage, computing and data processing, mine survey plans prepared, the application of modern equipment and development;
(3) mineral resource information and three-dimensional space simulation that the reserve
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康皎成：芦北矿两井贯通测量方案设计与精度估算
calculation, standards and management, mineral development economics;
(4) mining subsidence observation, simulation, and control is expected to make minimal impact on the ecology of the landscape;
(5) mining environmental monitoring, assessment and conservation planning, environmental damage, restoration, remediation and sustainable land use and management.
In short, mine surveying in mining resources investigation, development and production process of industrial restructuring so play an important integral role, with the first, basic, guide and service features.
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辽宁工程技术大学毕业设计（论文）
3 Mine Surveying the development of a modern mine Spatial Information Science (Engineering)
Because of the space mapping technology, information technology and the rapid development and wide application, as well as minerals, land and other integrated natural resources, green development of the new requirements of mining, mine surveying disciplines of content and technology means major changes occurred in order to make the content and its form of discipline consistent, proposes to use the \the new name to replace the traditional discipline of \
3.1 The main reasons for seeking alternative names:
(1) Mine Surveying Mapping on the level of discipline has been or is being access to new, more precise, more scientific name of the \(Geomatics) or \Information Science and Engineering.\Over the past decade, the University of Calgary in Canada, New Brunswick, Maine United States State University, Ohio State University, University of New South Wales, Australia, Katanning and Technology University and so has the original measurement project ( Surveying Engineering) Professional (Department) name changed to Geomatics (Engineering), Spatial Information Science and Engineering, Spatial Science or Surveying and Spatial Information Systems and so on.
(2) according to the scientific development and sustainable development requirements, must be resolutely against predatory mining, logging and other destructive exploitation of natural, eco-friendly practices. The international mining sector has also emphasizing the measurement, mining, social and environmental impacts, mine surveying and spatial information technology in which the role.
(3) Mine Surveying related subjects, such as mining engineering, geology, land science, environmental science and engineering, resource economics of content changes have taken place in very human.
3.2 Mining Spatial Information Science (Engineering) of the content and basic tasks
Throughout the known history of the development of science and technology, the development of all disciplines are advancing with the times, all with the interaction between adjacent or related disciplines, and constantly cross, penetration, integration, and metabolic results; subject
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康皎成：芦北矿两井贯通测量方案设计与精度估算
content, tasks, basic theory, techniques and research methods can not be changed with the continuous development and innovation must be to full of vitality. I have been in the \Information technology should be just and mine surveying modern mission\\clarify its meaning. Positioning based on the nature and role of academic requirements, we believe that \of spatial information science\and the basic thousand service can be expressed as: in the mining survey, design, construction and production at all stages of mining ground and space, resource and environment and its changes in information collection, storage, processing, display, output, analysis and use of mineral resources and 10 to the rational development, utilization, regional environmental monitoring, governance and sustainable development of a science and technology.
3.3 Mining Spatial Information Science (Engineering) of the main technical methods 3.3.1 change ideas, innovative
In order to improve and develop the mining of spatial information science technology system, which requires constant innovation and research disciplines reveals new concepts, new areas, new laws, new theories and new technologies, this should:
(1) to enhance the diversity of mine surveying, systematic and comprehensive, pay attention to the acquisition and analysis of the data processing system to the diverse, dynamic and comprehensive development, to enable data, information storage and provider (model) type to digital, information technology, standardization and network direction. The type of data source is not only the surface and underground mining geometric spatial information, including mineral and land resources, property information, mining environmental and ecological changes in spatial information.
(2) The combination of high-tech and traditional technologies. Today, a variety of geospatial information technology, computer technology has developed rapidly, intelligent mapping equipment for practical, commercial quickly, should pay attention to track and use. However, regional, business development is uneven, the specific conditions of different mines, the traditional technology and equipment, research methods and technology upgrading of regulations should be a gradual process.
3.3.2 Technical approach
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