黄河科技学院毕业设计(论文) 第I 页
黄河科技学院本科毕业设计（论文）任务书
外国语 学院 英语 系 英语 专业 0 3 级 普本 班 学 号 030120073 学 生 荆艳辉 指导教师 蒋 磊 毕业设计（论文）题目
On Translation Standard---- \
翻译的准则---“信，达，雅”
毕业设计（论文）工作内容与基本要求（目标、任务、途径、方法，应掌握的原始资料（数据）、参考资料（文献）以及设计技术要求、注意事项等）（纸张不够可加页）
翻译是把一种语言文字所表达的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来，翻译活动就其本质而言，是一种语言活动（具体地说是语际转换活动）又是一种社会活动（具体地说是跨文化传通活动）。无论就日益剧增的日常国际文化交往而言，还是就越来越多的学术成果的引进和输出而论，翻译都是极其重要、不可或缺的环节。因此，有关翻译和翻译理论的研究和探讨，不仅是翻译研究者不断着力加以探讨的理论问题，也是时刻困扰具体翻译者的实际问题。翻译标准则和原则是任何深入的翻译研究不可回避的问题，而对于翻译原则和标准研究仿佛是中国译论研究中的顽疾, 纵观中外翻译史，上下三千年，各家各派，可谓标准名目，之繁，标准论述之广。经过长时间的探究却仍未形成一致意见。
翻译标准是翻译活动中必须遵循的准绳,是翻译理论的核心问题. 本文拟以严复的翻译三字标准：信、达、雅”为切入点对中外翻译标准的异同、\信达雅\内涵及其学术地位, 翻译标准难以统一认识的原因作一些探讨，并通过大量翻译实例说明\信达雅\在中国翻译理论中,西方科学的理中不可少,\信达雅\这一国粹也不能丢,在今后的翻译实践中应遵循这个原则。 论文包括以下几个部分： 一、中外翻译理论家翻译原则简述
二、中外翻译标准的主要异同 三、\信达雅\内涵及其学术地位 四、\信达雅\原则典型实例分析 建议参考的文献如下：
[1] 汪 静 重新认识\信、达、雅\翻译标准\ 天津外国语学院学报 [2] 王利平 严复翻译策略的目的论观 重庆文理学院学报（社会科学版）] [3] 冯立新 严复\信、达、雅\翻译思想 华南农业大学学报
[4] 刘法公 汉语文化差异与汉语翻译信息障碍[J]. 外语教学与研究，2000（12）. [5] 桑思民 翻译与文化交流[J]. 外语与外语教学，2000（4）.
黄河科技学院毕业设计(论文) 第II 页
[6] 范仲英 实用翻译教程[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994. [7] 陈宏薇 李亚丹 新编汉英翻译教程 上海 外语教育出版社，1999 [8] 汪 涛 实用英汉互译技巧 武汉大学出版社2001 [9] 许建平 英汉互译实践与技巧 清华大学出版社 2000
[10]冯庆华 实用翻译教程 上海 外语教育出版社，1997
毕业设计（论文）时间： 2007 年 3 月 5 日至2007 年 5 月 20 日 计 划 答 辩 时 间： 2007 年 6 月 1-2 日
工作任务与工作量要求：查阅文献资料不少于12篇，其中外文资料不少于2篇；文献综述不少于3000字；文献翻译不少于3000字，完成的论文不少于相当8000汉字，应按照毕业设计（论文）撰写规范及有关要求撰写。
专业（教研室）审批意见：
审批人签名：
黄河科技学院毕业设计(论文) 第III 页
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my thanks to all the people who have given me generous help and valuable suggestions in the past four years.
First of all, I am grateful to my respected supervisor Professor Jiang Lei , whose guidance and advice have ensured the accomplishment of this thesis. She is so kind to advice me to check some useful books. She has checked my writing so carefully that she corrected the same mistakes more than once. I have been deeply moved by her constant and unselfish encouragement and help.
Secondly, I would like to offer my gratitude to Mr Zhang Linxin, who has provided his advices in the final stage of the thesis which prove to be of great value.
Next , I’d especially like to mention my family who have greatly supported and encouraged me during the period of my study. They are the source of my energy.
To all of them I give my earnest thanks.
黄河科技学院毕业设计(论文) 第IV 页
On Translation Standard---“Exactness，Fluency，Elegance” Author：Jing Yanhui
Tutor： Jiang Lei
Abstract
Translation is an important course for English learners, and it is not only the basic knowledge, but one important and skillful learning method. English majors should learn to express English knowledge studied by using their mother language---Han Yu, and also be able to translate Chinese into English during which involves the standard of translation. In general successful translation from Chinese into English often follows the three standard of translation---Exactness, Fluency and Elegance, that is，faithful and smooth. This paper mainly discusses the standard of translation concerning Yan Fu’s Exactness, Fluency and Elegance, including the basic meaning of “Exactness, Fluency, Elegance”, and Translation theoreticians’ opinion about translation standard, the differences of translation standard between Chinese and the Western, the importance of “Exactness”, and problems of exactness in translation, and the inevitability of unfaithfulness in translation, then the last, the importance of “Fluency” and “Elegance” in translation, especially Yan Fu’s “Fluency” and “Elegance”.
Key words: the standard of translation Exactness, Fluency and Elegance
Faithful and Smooth
黄河科技学院毕业设计(论文) 第V 页
翻译的准则---“信、达、雅”
摘 要
翻译是英语学习者的一门必要课程，它不仅是一门学问，更是一种重要的技巧和方法。对英语专业的学生来说，不仅要学会用母语将所学的英语知识表达出来，即将英语翻译为汉语,更应该学会把汉语翻译成英语。要使翻译作品达到正确、通顺地标准，就必须遵循翻译的三个基本标准---“信、达、雅”，即，人们通常所说的：忠实、通顺。本文主要从以下几方面对翻译的准则进行论述：（1） “信、达、雅”的基本含义及一些重要的翻译理论家对翻译准则的看法；（2）中西方国家翻译准则的差异；（3）翻译的准则中的“信”的重要性和它在翻译过程中所面临的问题，以及在某些翻译中所出现的不忠实原文的必然性；（4） “达”和“雅”在翻译中的重要性，并着重讨论严复的“达”、“雅”在诗歌中的表现。
关键词：翻译准则，信、达、雅，忠实与通顺
黄河科技学院毕业设计(论文) 第VI 页
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction ··········································································································· 1 1.1 The Basic Meaning of “Exactness, Fluency, Elegance” ················································· 1 1.2 Translation Theoreticians’ Opinion about Translation Standard ······································ 2 Chapter 2 Differences of Translation Standard between China and the Western ············ 3 2.1 The Discussions of Chinese Translation Theoreticians on Translation Standard ············· 3 2.2 The Discussions of Western Translators and Theorists on Translation Criteria ··············· 7 Chapter 3 The Importance and Difficulties of Exactness and the Inevitable Unfaithfulness ····························································································································· 9 3.1 The Importance of Exactness in Translation ···································································· 9 3.2 The Difficulties of Exactness in Translation····································································· 11
3.2.1 Disparities between One Language and Another···················································· 11 3.2.2 Different Classifications in Different Cultures ······················································· 12 3.3 The Inevitability of Unfaithfulness ··················································································· 12
3.3.1 The Translation of Idioms ······················································································· 13 3.3.2 The Translation of Metaphors ················································································· 17 3.3.3 The Translation of Poetry ······················································································· 19
Chapter 4 The Importance of Fluency and Elegance ·························································· 22 4.1 Fluency and Elegance in Yan Fu’s Practice ······································································ 22 4.2 Fluency and Elegance in Translation of Poetics ······························································· 24 Chapter 5 Conclusion·············································································································· 25 Bibliography....................................................…...................................................…………… 27