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2. 英语句中的each， either， neither等词，作代词充当主语，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Neither of us _____(have) been abroad. Neither answer _____(be) wrong .
3. 由some, any every, no构成的复合词（somebody，nobody，everything，anything等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Somebody ______(be)waiting for you at the school gate.
4. 成双成对出现的复数名词（glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等）作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要与量词（pair, suit, piece ）在单复数上保持一致。
A pair of scissors_______(be) useful tool for a dressmaker. Two pieces of paper ______(be ) on the desk .
5. 以复数形式出现，却表示单数意义（maths, physics, news …）谓语用单数。 Maths_____(be) my favorite subject. 6.“the +形容词（old /young /rich /poor ）”表示“一类人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。 The young ______(like) listening to popular songs .
7.“the +姓氏的复数” 表示“某某夫妇，某某一家人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。 The Greens _______(be)having lunch now.
中考考点十三：倒装句
1. 当句首为副词here ，there 且主语为名词时，应用完全倒装。 Here comes the bus !. There goes the bell. !
2. only 修饰时间、地点、方式等状语时，应用部分倒装。 Only in this way can we solve the problem. Only when you told me did I know her name.
注意：如果 only 修饰的不是状语，则句子不倒装。 Only Uncle Li knows how it happened.
3. 表示对前者的陈述也适用后者时，肯定倒装用“ so + 助动词／情态动词 + 后者”，前句事否定，而后面的人也不怎么样时用“ neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 + sb”。 He can speak English，so can I.
If she doesn’t go there tomorrow，neither / nor will I. 注意 1）“ so + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语” 表示前者的主语和后者的主语的情况一样，所谈到的是两个人，意为“??也是这样”； 2）“ so + 主语 + 助动词 / 情态动词”表示前者和后者所指同一人时，说话者表示同意前者的观点，意为“的确如此”。 — Li Lei likes sports. — So he does and so do I.
4. 由 not only ?? but also ?? 引起的并列句，若将 not only 置于句首时，该分句应部分倒装， but also 引导的分句不倒装。
Not only did he give me some advice，but also he lent me some money. 5.“ no matter +疑问词+从句” 或 “疑问词+ever+从句” 注：从句应用陈述句语序，时态用一般现在时。 However hard the problem is，I must work it out.
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中考考点十四：感叹句
一、结构：
What/ How +被感叹的部分+ 主语+ 谓语！ What beautiful flowers they are ! 二、变法：
一断， 二加 ，三调位。
一断表示在谓语动词的后面断开，二加表示在断开的两部分中间加what 或how ,三调位表示前后两部分对调位置。
They had a good time yesterday .
一断：They had / a good time yesterday . 二加：They had（what）a good time yesterday . 三调位：What a good time they had yesterday. 三、what引导的感叹句：
1.what + a / an +adj + 单数名词 （+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ a clever boy he is !
2.what + adj + 复数名词 （+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ heavy boxes they are !
3.what + adj + 不可数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ bad weather ! 四、how引导的感叹句：
1.How + adj / adv + 主语+ 谓语！ _________ hard they are working !
2.How + adj + a / an + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ How tall a boy he is !
3.How + adj / adv + the + 名词+ 谓语！ ________ heavily the rain is falling!
五、what 与how引导的感叹句之间的转换： 1.What a beautiful girl she is != ______ beautiful the girl is ! 2.How delicious the food is != ______ delicious food it is ! 六、几个常见的感叹句： 1.______ great fun it is !
2.______ important information ! 3.______ good news !
4.______ good advice / music ! 5.______ a heavy rain ! 6.______a strong wind !
七、感叹句中常见的不可数名词：
food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice ,
中考考点十五：反意疑问句
一、结构：
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陈述句 + 附加疑问句？ It’s hot today ,isn’t it ? 二、原则：
1.前肯后否，前否后肯 2.前名后代 3.时态一致 三、变法：
一疑、二否、三连、四省、五转换(名变代)。 四、特殊的附加疑问句： 1.I’m …… , aren’t I ?
I’m right , ______ ______ ?
2.There be …… , ______ there ?
There will be fewer buses in the future ,____ ______?
3.句中有反义词的句子的反意疑问句，仍把它作为肯定形式。 He is unhappy , _____ ______ ? 4.Let’s 的反意疑问句为 shall we ?
Let’s go to the movie together ,_____ _____ ? 5.祈使句的反意疑问句为 will you ? Don’t miss it ,_____ _____ ?
6.若陈述句部分含有never , few , little , hardly ,no ,seldom ,nobody ,nothing …否定词、半否定词时，附加疑问句用肯定形式。
He can hardly understand it , _____ ______ ? 7.陈述句的主语为不定代词时：
1).主语为指人的不定代词时，附加疑问句的主语用he / they . No one was hurt , ______ _______ ?
2).主语为指物的不定代词时，附加疑问句的主语用 it. Nothing is serious , _______ _______ ?
8.表推测的情态动词的附加疑问句，其附加疑问句与情态动词后的动词一致。 He must be at school , ______ ______ ?
9.陈述句的主语是this , that , these , those 时，附加疑问句的主语分别为 it , they . This is a new computer , ______ ______ ? Those aren’t banana tees , ______ _______ ?
10.当陈述句是主从复合句时， 其附加疑问句应与主句保持一致。若主句为I think / believe /suppose /imagine /expect 时，其附加疑问句应与从句保持一致。 He said that he would leave here tomorrow , _______ _______ ? I don’t think you can do these exercises alone , _______ _______ ? 11.陈述句中有has / have / had 时，一定要注意。
1).若句中是 has to / have to / had to ,表 ―不得不‖ 附加疑问句的谓语用doesn’t / don’t / didn’t 进行反问.
They had to leave early , ______ ______ ? 2).若句中是has / have / had 表“有 ”， 其附加疑问句的谓语用do/ does / did 进行反问。 He has few friends in the new school , ______ ______?
3).若句中是has/ have / had +过去分词时，其反义疑问句的谓语用has/have/had进行反问。 He has never been to Beijing , _____ _____?
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She had studied a few English songs by the end of last month. ,______ ______? 五、反义疑问句的回答：
反义疑问句的回答要根据事实作答，若事实是肯定的，就用yes , +肯定形式。若事实是否定的，就用No, +否定形式。
注意：在前否后肯的句子中，yes表示“不”而No表示“是的”。 She didn’t come to school yesterday, did she ? _________, though she was not feeling well.
A.No, she didn’t B.No , she did C.Yes , she didn’t D.Yes , she did
考点归纳十六：状语从句
一、引导词的选择： 1.时间状语从句
1).由when 、 while、as（当……时候）引导的时间状语从句。 When jack got home , his mother was cooking .
2).由after/ before (在….之后/ 前)引导的时间状语从句。 The football match played after school was over .
3).由as soon as (一…..就……)引导的时间状语从句。 I’ll ring you as soon as I reach Beijing .
4).由not….until（直到…..才…..）引导的时间状语从句。 They didn’t stop until they finished the work . 2.原因状语从句
由because 、since 、as（因为、既然、由于）引导的原因状语从句。 Since you have known about that , please tell us what to do . 3.地点状语从句
由wherever（无论在哪儿） 引导的地点状语从句。 Wherever he goes , he always brings his pet dog . 4.目的状语从句
由so that (以便、为的是)引导目的状语从句。
He got up very early so that he could catch the early bus . 5.条件状语从句
由if或unless 引导条件状语从句。 I won’t go to his party unless I am invited . 6.比较状语从句
由than、 as…as、not as……as 引导比较状语从句。 There are more students in our class than in theirs . 7.让步状语从句
由though 、even though/ if 、although引导让步状语从句。
Although he didn’t pass the exam ,his father didn’t get angry with him . 8.方式状语从句
由as if (好像)引导方式状语从句。
He talked about that as if he knew everything . 9.结果状语从句
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由so…that…、such….that…（如此…..以致于…）引导结果状语从句。 It was raining so hard that we couldn’t see the road . 二、状语从句与主句的时态问题
1.时间状语从句、条件状语从句与主句的时态不一致。（主句用将来时，而时间、条件状语从句用一般现在时）
If it ________(not rain) tomorrow ,we______(go) to climb the hill . He ________ (become) a sodier when he ______(grow) up .
2.since引导的时间状语从句。 It is + 时间+ since + 一般过去时 It_____(be) ten years since we ________(leave) that city . 3.由when、while引导的时间状语从句的时态： 主句（过去进行时）+when +从句（一般过去时） 主句（一般过去时）+when +从句（过去进行时） 主句（一般过去时）+while +从句（过去进行时） 主句（过去进行时）+while +从句（过去进行时）
注意：看动词为短暂性动词用一般过去时，动词为延续性动词则用过去进行时。 Mother _______(cook)supper when I ______(get)home yesterday.
Last Sunday I_______(meet)Lin Hong when I _______(walk)in the street . While Han Meimei _______(sweep)the floor , Lucy _______(carry) water. When the students ________(have)a meeting, the teacher _______(come) in . 4.由when、after、before、by the time引导的时间状语从句的时态： 主、从句的谓语动作都以完成，则先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。 When they _______(get) to the cinema last light , the film ________(start) .
I _________(go) out with my friends after I _______(finish) all the homework last night .
中考考点十七：宾语从句
一、直接引语变间接引语
1.人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。
1). ―一随主‖指若直接引语中的主语为第一人称时,变间接引语时应与主句的主语人称一致. She said ―I like playing basketball‖.
She said that _____ _____ playing basketball .
2). ―二随宾‖指若直接宾语中的主语为第二人称时,变间接宾语时应与主句的宾语人称一致. She asked Tom ―Can I have a look at your picture‖.
She asked Tom if ______ could have a look at ______ picture .
3). ―第三人称不更新‖指若直接宾语中的主语为第三人称时,变间接宾语时人称保持不变. She said to me ―They want to help me‖. She told me that _____ _____ to help me . 2.指示代词，时间、地点状语的变化 指示代词 this that now today this morning three days ago 直接引语 that those then that day that morning three days before 35
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