22.According to Paragraph 2，the “focus” of a book club refers to .
A. funds B. guidelines C. book types D. Members
23.Which of the following would NOT be covered at the kick-off meeting? A.Deciding on whether snacks will be served. B.Discussing whether to appoint a leader. C.Determining the club’s first selection. D.Planning the club’s yearly budget.
24.Which of the following can be learned from the passage? A.Smaller groups are better for a variety of reasons. B.A book club involves more than intellectual activities.
C.Starting your own book club is better than joining an existing one. D.A casual approach to starting a book club is risky. 25.The best title for this passage would be .
A.Book Clubs: A Great Way to Make New Friends B.Starting a Successful Book Club: A Guide
C.Five Easy Steps to Start a Successful Book Club D.Book Clubs: Sharing Knowledge, Nurturing Friendship
Passage Four
It is becoming more and more difficult to be sure that the food we eat is
nut actually harming us. We seem to get one food scare after another.
Several of these，recently, have concerned genetically modified (GM，转基因）foods. Although some experts tell us that these foods will do us no harm and that the concern about them is just scaremongering (spreading of rumor)，it would not be the first time that such statements turned out to be wrong. In any case，other experts tell us that GM food is potentially very damaging to health and，at the very best，the jury is still out on the matter.
In many countries，products which have been genetically modified are
supposed to show
this information on their labels，but now some of the large food producers are saying that it is growing increasingly difficult to separate GM food from the conventional varieties .Meanwhile people go on protesting over the sowing of trial GM crops.
Pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemical fertilizers are also a cause of concern. In the last few years, a great many people have started to buy organic produce, although this is much more expensive than that which is grown using modem conventional methods? They do so in an effort to stop filling their bodies，and those of their children，with poisonous chemicals.
Some experts claim that organically grown food is no healthier than other food，because the poison level in food is not high enough to be harmful. However, there is an increased demand for organic food and this is not a temporary fashion. There are those who feel that some experts may not be objective，but are part of the powerful food lobby，the chief concern of which is to increase organic food production with a corresponding increase in profits.
The use of additives (添加剂)，also，is a source of anxiety to consumers. These are often added to food to improve the colour or the flavour. However, it is thought that some of these may be the cause of allergies (过敏)，or even the cause of behavioral problems in children.
We have to eat to live. The problem is: what is safe to eat?
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26.What is people’s main concern about GM foods?
A.Some of them are not labeled with required information. B.They might have some dangers we don’t know yet.
C.They don’t have the same flavour as conventional foods, D.The sowing of them will lead to more protests.
27.What does the author mean by “the jury is still out on the matter” (Para. 2)?
A. The matter is still uncertain. B. The matter needs a jury to judge. C.The jury is not there to judge. D. The matter is not important.
28.Concerning organic food，the author tries to tell readers that A.experts agree that organic food is no healthier than other food B.profit-making is behind the drive to produce more organic food C.the demand for organic food will not last long D.organic food also contains poisonous chemicals
29.It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that food additives A.may be more harmful to children B. are unnecessary in food production C.are less poisonous than pesticides D, do not improve the flavour
30.Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards the food we eat?
A.Objective. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Anxious. [练习三] Passage One
In the old days it was not unusual to find several generations living together in one home. Usually，everyone lived in peace and harmony, but this situation caused problems for one man whose household included, besides his wife and small son，his elderly father.
It so happened that the daughter-in-law took a dislike to the old man. He was always in the way, she said, and she insisted he be removed to a small room apart from the house.
Because the old man was out of sight, he was often neglected. Sometimes he even went hungry. They took poor care of him，and in winter the old man often suffered from the cold. One day the little grandson visited his grandfather.
“My little one,” the grandfather said, “go and find a blanket and cover me. It is cold and I am freezing.”
The small boy ran to the barn to look for a blanket, and there he found a rug. “Father，please cut this rug in half，” he asked his father. “Why? What are you going to do with it?”
“I，m going to take it to my grandfather because he is cold.” “Well, take the entire rug,” replied his father.
“No，” his son answered, “I cannot take it all. I want you to cut it in half so I can save the other half for you when you are as old as my grandfather. Then I will have it for you so you will not be cold?”
His son’s response was enough to make the man realize how poorly he had treated his own father. The man then brought his father back into his house and ordered that a warm room be prepared. From that time on he took care of his father’s needs and visited him frequently every day.
11.By “several generations” (Para. 1) the author refers to .
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A. many years in between B. children，parents, and grandparents C.gaps between generations D. different age groups
12.What happened when the grandfather lived together with his son’s family? A.The old man made a nuisance of himself. B.His grandson wanted him to move out. C.His daughter-in-law didn’t like him. D.The house became too crowded.
13.The boy wanted to have the rug cut in half so as .
A. to keep the other half for his father B. to keep the other half for himself C. not to annoy his mother D. not to anger his father 14.From the rug incident，the man learns that .
A.his child is cleverer than him B.respecting one’s elders can be rewarding C. ignoring his father is not a crime D.listening to his wife is beneficial 15.What probably happened to the rug? . A.It was cut in half. B. It was given to the grandpa. C.It was thrown away. D. It remained as a whole. Passage Two
Just as Mrs. Waldman hands out the spelling test，you see Jeff pull out a
small piece of paper with a lot of words on it. Jeff hides the note into his closed fist but soon takes it out again. While he’s taking the test, you see him looking back and forth between the teacher and his paper. There’s no mistaking it—he,s cheating.
Cheating is when a person misleads，deceives, or acts dishonestly on purpose.
For kids， cheating may happen at school, at home，or while playing a sport. If a baseball team is for kids who are 8 or younger, it，s cheating for a 9-year-old to play on the team.
At school，in addition to cheating on a test, a kid might cheat by stealing someone else’s idea for a science project or by copying a book report off the Internet and turning it in as if it，s his or her original work.
One is inclined to cheat because it makes difficult things seem easy，like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next --unless the person cheats again.
Sometimes it may seem like cheaters have it all figured out. They can watch TV instead of studying for the spelling test. But other people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And，if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.
Some kids cheat because they're busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.
16- Why did Jeff look at the teacher form time to time while taking the test? A.He was afraid that the teacher might find out what he was doing. B.He had a question for the teacher but was afraid to ask. C.He wanted to get the teacher’s attention.
D.He wanted to hand in his paper as he was done with it. 17.According to the author，cheating .
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A.occurs mainly in test-related settings
B.can take on various forms and happen anywhere
C.usually happens when one is doing a science project D.happens when we don’t know the answer to a question 18.What can’t cheating help to do?
A. To pass examinations. B. To get a satisfactory score.
C.To make difficult things easy. D. To really get the knowledge.
19.Which of the following statements is closest in meaning to “cheaters have it
all figured out” (Para. 5)?
A.cheaters know they won’t be caught. B.Cheaters make a plan in advance.
C.Cheaters can reach a balance between work and play. D.Cheaters clearly know the consequences of cheating. 20.The main purpose of the passage is to . A.inform readers why people cheat
B.predict possible consequences of cheating C.persuade students to quit cheating
D.discuss different occasions when people cheat Passage Three
One of my favorite posters says，“Life is a test. It is only a test. Had this been a real life you would have been instructed where to go and what to do.” Whenever I think of this humorous bit of wisdom，it reminds me not to take my life so seriously.
When you look at life and its many challenges as a test，or series of tests，you begin to see each issue you face as an opportunity to grow，a chance to discover more about life. Whether you，re confronted with problems，responsibilities or hardships, when looked at them as a test, you always have a chance to succeed. If，on the other hand, you see each new issue you face as a serious battle that must be won in order to survive, you’re probably in for a very rocky journey.
As an experiment，see if you can apply this idea to something you are forced to deal with. Perhaps you have much pressure from your parents or a demanding boss. See if you can redefine the issue from being a “problem” to being a test. Rather than struggle with your issue， see if there is something you can learn from it. Ask yourself: “Can I see it as a test of some kind?”
If you try this strategy (策略）you may be surprised at your changed responses.
For example，I used to struggle a great deal over the issue of my perception of not having enough time. I would rush around trying to get everything done. I blamed my schedule, my family, my circumstances，and anything else I could think of for my bad situation. Then it dawned on me that my real challenge was to see my struggle as a test. Seeing this issue as a test finally helped to cope with one of my biggest personal frustrations. It has become far more acceptable to me to take things as they are.
21.The author suggests that people .
A.take life seriously B. take life humorously C.see life as a test D. see life as a battle
22.If you see the many challenges in your life as a battle you must win，you will probably .
A.feel greater pressure B.feel much happier
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C. have a stronger sense of achievement D.increase your chance of success 23.Paragraph 3 in the passage .
A.gives a warning against struggles in life
B.offers a suggestion for handling problems in life C.describes the author’s personal experience D.shows the advantage of seeing life as a test
24 As is mentioned in Para.4, “your changed responses” may probably result
in
A.a wealthier life B. reduction of your workload C.more achievements D. a new outlook on your problems 25 he author has realized that his problem was . A.lack of time B. too many responsibilities
C.struggling with his issues too much D. having too busy a schedule Passage Four
Psychologists tell us that there are four basic stages that human beings
pass through when they enter and live in a new culture. This process，which helps us to deal with culture shock，is the way our brain and our personality reacts to the strange new things we encounter when we move from one culture to another. If the language we use when talking to someone in our own culture is influenced by levels of formality based on the other person’s age and status，it may be difficult for us to feel comfortable communicating with people in the new culture.
Culture begins with the “honeymoon stage”，This is the period of time when
we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. This honeymoon stage can last for quite a long time，because we feel we are involved in some kind of great adventure.
Unfortunately, the second stage of culture shock can be more difficult. After
we have
settled down into our new life, working or studying，buying groceries, doing laundry，or living with a home-stay family, we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland and our family，girlfriend/boyfriend，pets. This stage is considered a crisis in the process of cultural adjustment and many people choose to go back to their homeland or spend all their time with people from their own culture speaking their native language.
The third stage of culture shock is called the “adjustment stage”. This
is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture. Your sense of humor usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor!
The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite
comfortable in your new surroundings. You can cope with most problems that occur* You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.
There is a fifth stage of culture shock which many people don't know about.
This is called reverse culture shock”. Surprisingly, this occurs when you go back to your native culture and find that you have changed and that things there have changed while you have been away. Now you feel a little uncomfortable back home. 26.When does culture shock happen?
A.When you go back to your own culture after quite a while.
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