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5) for the taking
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6) in support of 7) in common with
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8) On the face of it
4.
Reference translation
在过去20年的专题研究和指导工作中，我见过很多人，他们或是觉得壮志未酬，或是不堪重负，或是停滞不前，原因就在于他们在生活的某一个或多个领域里没有积极努力。他们没有让领导能力在生活的各个领域都开花结果，包括工作、家庭、社区及他们自身（思想、身体和精神）。当然，我们所承担的不同角色间总存在一些矛盾冲突，但和通常理解不同的是，我们并没有理由认为这是一个零和游戏。在四个领域都成为领导者，有出色表现，实现我所说的“四赢”，不舍此求彼，而寻求它们之间的契合点与价值，这才是更明智的做法。
Writing 1
1) The general information about the essay mainly includes the opinion on the effect of stress.
2) Contrary to popular opinion, people can learn to turn stress into an asset in the classroom and the workplace.
3) The essay is going to discuss how people can learn to make use of stress in the classroom and the workplace.
4) Yes. It gives general information about the essay, contains a thesis statement, and catches the reader’s interest by offering to share with them how to make use of stress, which in popular opinion has a negative effect on people’s lives.
2
1) This introductory paragraph gives interesting facts about koalas. 2) This introductory paragraph states a personal story by describing the author’s various work experiences.
3) This introductory paragraph uses an interesting quotation from Aldous Huxley.
4) This introductory paragraph states a personal story by describing the author’s experience of discovering tae kwon do.
UNIT 4
Listening and Speaking
1.
The function of art is often to 1) appeal to the senses, or to
communicate emotions and ideas. The ways in which we use art depend on the type of art in question. We can 2) break downthe way that art functions broadly into two groups: motivated and non-motivated. Motivated art is art that has been given an 3) intentional, conscious purpose by the artist or creator, such as popular culture and decorative arts. Non-motivated art functions on an innate human level and does not
4) fulfill a specific external purpose. 5) Creativity and the basic human need for 6)harmony, balance, and rhythm, are examples of non-motivated artistic functions. Popular art usually functions as 7) entertainment for the viewers, such as with a film or video game, but can also be used to 8) influence popular conceptions.
Decorative arts include any object that might be used in everyday life, from chairs to ceramics. Typically, their purposes are 9) obvious, and their aesthetic value is often 10) secondary totheir utilitarian function.
Text A
Reading Comprehension
1.
A.
1) F 2) O 3) O 4) O 5) F 6) F 7) O B.
1) (1) The tree serves to connect earth and sky and this could reflect the artist’s own thoughts about death — that death is the destination of life’s journey.
(2) The cypress tree is usually found in cemeteries and associated with mourning.
2) (1) It has great influence on poetry, fiction and music.
(2) The famous song “Vincent” or “Starry, Starry Night” by Don McLean is focused on The Starry Night.
3) (1) Van Gogh got inspiration from Paul Gauguin.
(2) Firstly, Van Gogh began painting more from memory, as Gauguin had done. Secondly, his works became more decorative and less accurate like Gauguin’s.
4) (1) Van Gogh uses color to convey emotion.
(2) He used white and yellow to create a spiral effect and draw attention to the sky.
2.
1) It is considered Van Gogh’s greatest artistic achievement and is one of the most famous and reproduced works in the art world.
2) According to the text, the painting has multifold themes, which include:
(1) nighttime landscape featuring a contrast between the night sky brimming with energy and the silent village below; (2) the belief that even with darkness it is still possible to see light and hope; (3) an understanding of death.
3) The cypress tree symbolizes mourning and a connection between life and death.
4) They symbolize life and death.
5) They symbolize Van Gogh’s frame of mind and his search for hope during a time of great illness.
Language in Use 4.
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1) agitation, agitated
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2) eternal, eternity
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3) rival, rivalry
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4) symbolize, symbolic
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5) characteristic, characterize
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6) opt, options 7) gloomy, gloom
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8) interpretation, interpret
5.
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1) contrasted with
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2) Hailed as
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3) refer to 4) conjure up
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5) move away from
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6) brimming with 7) associated with
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8) perceive as
6.