有答案的
第一部分 选择题
41、Explain how the inventory of sounds can change, giving some examples in English for illustration.
42、Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of a second language.
英语语言学试题（2）
五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)
36.Paraphrase each of the following sentences in two different ways to show the syntactic rules account for the ambiguity of sentences.
(1)The shooting of the hunters might be terrible. (2)He saw young men and women present.
(3)They were surprised at the president's appointment.
37.Decide the meaning of the following affixes and give each affix two examples. re- un- anti- super- -wise -itis -ize -age
英语语言学试题（3）
Ⅴ.Answer the following questions.(10%×2=20%)
41.Explain with examples the three notions of phone, phoneme and allophone, and also how they are related.
英语语言学试题（5）
五、论述题(第41、42小题各7分，第43小题6分，共20分)
41. Under what conditions will two sounds be assigned to the same phoneme?
42. For the following sentence, draw a tree diagram to reveal its underlying structure. The girl ate the orange.
43. Study the passage taken from Shakespeare’s HAMLET below carefully and identify every difference in expression between Elizabethan and Modern English that is evident. King: Where is Polonius?
Hamlet: In heaven, Send thither to see. If your messenger find him not there, seek him i’ the other place yourself. But indeed, if you find him not within this month, you shall nose him as you go up the stairs into the lobby. Act IV, Scene iii
英语语言学试题（6）
41. The phonological features that occur above the level of individual sounds are called suprasegmental features. Discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating with
examples how they function in the distinction of meaning.
42. Explain and give examples to show in what way componential analysis is similar to the analysis of phonemes into distinctive features.
英语语言学试题（7）
五、论述题（每小题10分，共20分）
1. Comment on the following conversation in terms of Grice’s Cooperative Principle: A: Where’ve you been? B: Out.
2. Analyse the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains:
specialize , indisputable, individualistic, downfall, unexceptionableness, ungentlemanliness (每个语素0. 5分)
英语语言学试题（8）
语言学试题
)
41.Why do we say tree diagrams are more advantageous and informative than linear structure in analyzing the constituent relationship among linguistic elements? Support your statement with examples.
42.Describe the process of language perception, comprehension and production
英语语言学试题（9）
语言学试题及参考答案
41. Explain sociological triggers for language change by giving a typical example in the history of English. 42. Explain briefly the four main individual learner factors that affect a learner's acquisition of a second language.