2013-11-15
Changing Our Tune on Exercise
锻炼身体为哪般
（选自《英语世界》2013年第6期） By Jane E. Brody文/简·E.布罗迪 译/张萌
[1] What would it take to persuade you to exercise?
〔1〕若想说服你去锻炼，什么理由会管用呢？
Persuade /p??swe?d/ vt. 说服，劝说；使某人相信；劝某人做（不做）某事vi. 说服；被说服adj. 空闲的，有闲的
persuade sb劝服；说服某人
关键词：exercise ['eks?sa?z] n. 运动；练习；运用；操练；礼拜；典礼vt. 锻炼；练习；使用；使忙碌；使惊恐vi. 运动；练习
[2] A desire to lose weight or improve your figure? To keep heart disease,cancer or
diabetesat bay? To lower your blood pressure or cholesterol? To protect your bones? To live to a healthy old age?
〔2〕是可以减肥或塑形，可以预防心脏病、癌症或糖尿病，可以降低血压或胆固醇，可以保护骨骼，还是可以健康长寿？
keep sb./sth. at bay 不让（敌人）接近；防止问题恶化 diabetes /da???bi?ti?z/ n. 糖尿病
desire [d?'za??] TEM4 n. 欲望；要求，心愿；性欲vt. 想要；要求；希望得到…vi. 渴望
[3] You’d think any of those reasons would be sufficient to get Americans exercising,
but scores of studies have shown otherwise. It seems that public health experts, doctors and exercise devotees in the media—like me—have been using ineffective tactics to entice sedentary people to become, and remain, physically active.
〔3〕或许你会认为，要让美国人锻炼身体，上述任何一项理由都足矣，但大量的研究结果却与之相反。公共卫生专家、医生以及像我这样做媒体的运动爱好者，一直使用各种策略吸引久坐之人开始并坚持锻炼身体，但似乎都没有什么成效。
sufficient /s??f???nt/ adj. 充足的，充分的
[4] For decades, people have been bombarded with messages that regular exercise
is necessary to lose weight, prevent serious disease and foster healthy aging. And yes, most people say they value these goals. Yet a vast majority of Americans—two-thirds of whom are overweight or obese—have thus far failed to swallow the “exercise pill”.
〔4〕几十年来，这样的信息铺天盖地：若要减肥、预防重病和健康长寿，定期锻炼必不可少。没错，大多数人都说自己很重视这些目标，但绝大多数美国人——有2/3的美国人超重或过度肥胖——却至今未能吞下这片“锻炼之药”。
decade /?d?ke?d/ ...the last decade of the nineteenth century. …19世纪的最后10年
bombarded /b?m?bɑ?d/ TEM8 v. 轰炸(bombard的过去分词）；向…连续提问题 adj. 被轰击的；频频不断的
bombarded with messages信息铺天盖地, 狂轰滥炸的信息
prevent /pr??v?nt/ vt. 预防，防止；阻止vi. 妨碍，阻止 prevent sth 阻止... value /?v?lju?/ n. 值；价值；价格；重要性；确切涵义vt. 评价；重视；估价
swallow /'sw?l??/ vt. 忍受；吞没vi. 吞下；咽下n. 燕子；一次吞咽的量
[5] Now research by psychologists strongly suggests it’s time to stop thinking of
future health, weight loss and body image as motivators for exercise. Instead, these experts recommend a strategy marketers use to sell products: portray physical activity as a way to enhance current well-being and happiness.
〔5〕如今，心理学家的研究强烈建议，不要再把未来的健康、减肥和塑形当成锻炼的动力了。相反，这些专家推荐采用营销人员销售产品的一种战略：把锻炼打造成一种提高人们当下健康水平和幸福感的方式。
portray /p???tre?/ CET6 TEM4 vt. 描绘；扮演词根：portray n: portrayal 描绘；画像,肖像
portrayer记述者；描画者；肖像画家 to portray描写；描绘；刻画
[6] “We need to make exercise relevant to people’s daily lives,” Michelle L. Segar, a
research investigator at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan, said in an interview.“Everyone’s schedule is packed with nonstop to-do’s. We can only fit in what’s essential.”
〔6〕密歇根大学女性与性别研究所的研究员米歇尔·L.西格在采访中说道：“我们需要将锻炼与人们的日常生活联系起来。每个人的日程表都排满了没完没了的待办事项，我们只能安排时间做重要的事。”
relevant ['rel?v(?)nt] CET4 TEM4 adj. 相关的；切题的；中肯的；有重大关系的；有意义的，目的明确的
investigator [?n'vest?ge?t?(r)] CET6 TEM4 n. 研究者；调查者；侦查员 词根：investigate
schedule /???dju?l, -??l/ CET4 TEM4 vt. 安排，计划；编制目录；将……列入计划表n. 时间表；计划/一览表
packed with 挤满了 fit in 适应，适合；装配好；找时间做
essential [?'sen?(?)l] CET4 TEM4 adj. 基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的n. 本质；要素；要点；必需品
[7] Dr. Segar is among the experts who believe that people will not commit to
exercise if they see its benefits as distant or theoretical.“It has to be portrayed as a compelling behavior that can benefit us today,” she said.“People who say they exercise for its benefits to quality of life exercise more over the course of a year than those who say they value exercise for its health benefits.”
〔7〕包括西格博士在内的专家认为，如若人们认为锻炼的益处很遥远，或者只是理论上的，那他们不会投身锻炼。西格说：“必须让人们相信这种行为有利于当下的每个人。有人说锻炼是为了提高生活质量，还有人说重视锻炼是为了健康，一年之中前者比后者锻炼得多。
theoretical [θ??'ret?k(?)l] TEM4 adj. 理论的；理论上的；假设的；推理的
portray /p???tre?/ CET6 TEM4 vt. 描绘；扮演词根：portray n: portrayal 描绘；画像,肖像
portrayer记述者；描画者；肖像画家 to portray描写；描绘；刻画
compelling /k?m'pel??/ adj. 引人注目的；强制的；激发兴趣的v. 强迫；以强力获得（compel的ing形式）
[9] Based on studies of what motivates people to adopt and sustain physical activity,
Dr. Segar is urging that experts stop framing moderate exercise as a medical prescription that requires 150 minutes of aerobic effort each week. Instead, public
health officials must begin to address “the emotional hooks that make it essential for people to fit it into their hectic lives”.
“Immediate rewards are more motivating than distant ones,” she added.“Feeling happy and less stressed is more motivating than not getting heart disease or cancer, maybe, someday in the future.”
〔9〕是什么激励人们锻炼并坚持下去，基于对这个问题的研究，西格博士呼吁专家不要再将适当的锻炼，即每周150分钟的有氧运动，当成药方。反之，公共卫生官员必须开始强调“情感吸引，让人们必须在繁忙的生活中抽出时间锻炼”。
她还表示：“即时回报比远期回报更激励人。与未来某天也许不会得心脏病或癌症相比，此时此刻心情愉快、压力减轻更令人鼓舞。”
Based on 基于...
motivates /?m??t??ve?t/ v. 促使；刺激；给与动机（motivate的三单形式） sustain /s??ste?n/ CET4 TEM4 vt. 维持；支撑，承担；忍受；供养；证实 physical activity 体育活动
urging /??d?/ CET4 TEM4 v. 说服，催促；激励，驱策；清除（urge的ing形式） framing /'fre?m??/ n. 框架；设计；取景；组帧v. 制定；构造；装框子（frame的ing形式） moderate /'m?d(?)r?t/ TEM4 adj. 稳健的，温和的；适度的，中等的；有节制的vi. 变缓和，变弱vt. 节制；减轻
prescription [pr?'skr?p?(?)n] CET6 TEM4 n. 药方；指示；惯例adj. 凭处方方可购买的
[10] In a study of 252 office workers, David K. Ingledew and David Markland,
psychologists at the University of Wales, found that while many began to exercise as way to lose weight and improve their appearance,these motivations did not keep them exercising in the long term.“The well-being and enjoyment benefits of exercise should be emphasized,” the researchers concluded.