比如，我们刚刚在第一个材料中看到了subsurface locomotion, 而这个词的前面就正好用了释义这个方法把这个词的意思解释的非常清楚。“…quite a few animals that have
the ability to move from place to place underground, beneath the Earth’s surface. This moving around underground is called subsurface locomotion.”意思是说，有些动物可以在地下移动，而在地下移动这件事就叫做subsurface locomotion。再比如，第二则材料就很好地运用了同义替换和释义两种方法。首先教授说了婴儿会对别人有concern, 这个词很简单，就是关心、担心的意思，可以同义替换给empathy。如果不放心，我们继续往下看。教授说“It involves a baby relating to someone else’s emotions, not just reacting to things happening directly to them.”意思是说empathy是婴儿可以关心到别人的情绪。通过这句话，再联系concern的意思，我们就很容易理解本题的主旨了。所以记住，遇到生词不用怕，与主旨相关的重要的生词教授都会做出解释。去仔细听这个生词前后的同义词，或是听懂对这个词的释义，都能很好地帮我们理解，打破生词的障碍。
原因三：考生细节记录不足
很多人在记录第六题的听力内容时，只关注整段材料的主体框架，即一个主旨，两个要点，和两个例子。他们往往忽略一些细节，这些细节包括对于两个要点的解释，对于例子的解释，还包括有时教授讲述的实验过程中的细节。下面我们通过两个例子来看看我们考生常忽略的一些细节。
TPO33
OK, so last time we were talking about the processes of starting up a business on your own. And how new business owners often encounter a lot of obstacles. But one way to get an easier start is through franchising. That\'s when there\'s already a well-known, established company and you open up a new branch of that company in a new location. Your new business will be a part of the larger established company with the same name and it\'ll be run just like the other branches of that company. Let\'s discuss some advantages of franchising. (topic)
Now, one great advantage of franchising is that the company provides training to you and all of your employees (point 1).They teach you about all the aspects
of the business and you\'re given a plan to follow for success (detail). So, you don\'t have to do the training yourself or come up with your own business plan. For example, if you\'re opening up a new division of a restaurant that sells pizza, say. Somebody from the company will come to the restaurant that you\'re opening and they\'ll train you and your employees in how to prepare the pizzas, how to take food orders, plus everything about how to operate the restaurant so it\'ll be run exactly like all the other restaurants in the company (detail).
Another advantage of franchising is the established customer base (point 2) because your business will have the same name as the company that\'s already well-known. It\'ll already have loyal customers’ following. So when you open a new division, people will want to come because they\'ll be confident of its quality (detail). So, again, let\'s say you\'re opening a new restaurant, a pizza place. The restaurant is already well-known because it has such good pizza. So when you open your own restaurant with the same name in a new location, people know your pizza\'s going to be really good, too. They\'ll go to your restaurant because they already trust they\'ll have a good experience there (detail).
首先我们把材料中的主体框架用红色字体加下划线标示出来了，这也是大部分同学能够听得出来并记录下来的。我们来梳理一下这些要点： Topic: advantages of franchising
Point 1: the company provides training to you and all of your employees Example: if you open a new division selling pizza, somebody from the company will come and train you and your employees. Point 2: the established customer base
Example: The restaurant is already well-known because it has such good pizza. When you open your own restaurant with the same name in a new location, people know your pizza\'s going to be really good, too.
如果你能够掌握这些主要信息点，那么你的整体分数大概在原始分值3分左右。但是我们
追求的是高分，甚至满分。所以仅仅靠复述这些要点，是远远不够的。那么我们应该如何做呢？
这个时候我们就需要牢记：
攻略三：细节听得全，高分不再远
考生们需要意识到的一点是，复述第六题并不能只靠要点拿分。我们不要忘了第六题的问题--Using the professor’s example of the pizza restaurant, explain two advantages of franchising. 所有的第六题基本上都是要求我们利用要点和细节来解释教授讲课的主题。所谓“解释”，是指分析说明事物的含义、意义、事物变化的原因、事物之间的联系等等。意思就是说，当我们需要解释two advantages of franchising的时候，需要分析说明它本身的含义；需要用例子来分析证明franchising的优点，两者之间的关系；需要让听者听你在复述的时候详细了解到底这两个优点是什么。所以，我们不仅需要把教授所讲的要点记下来，同时也要把对每个要点的解释，以及对例子的细节记下来，这样才能更有效地解释清楚主旨。
所以，上述听力材料中标蓝色的字体部分就是本题中大家需要记下来的细节。我们来仔细分析一下。首先第一个优点是“公司会给你和你的员工培训”，但是并没有说明培训的内容，所以我们必须记下来公司培训的内容是“所有与这个生意有关的方面”。这是非常重要的，因为教授在拿pizza店举例的时候说了公司来的人会给你培训的内容有“怎样做披萨，怎样点单，怎样做所有的事情从而让你的店看起来跟公司所有的店都一样。”这两个细节是相辅相成的，两者详细恰当地解释了关于公司提供培训这项优点。其次，第二个优点是“已有的顾客基础”。只记这一点的话我们并不能让人清楚地知道为什么会有顾客基础的原因。所以我们需要解释出来，“你的店名将会与公司的店名一样，所以顾客会来。而且他们来还有一个原因是他们对产品比较放心”。这就对应了例子中，教授说“顾客知道你的披萨会很好是因为他们之前在别的店有过很好的经验了”。这样我们才能精确地把这个主旨解释地非常清楚。