In this paper, I carefully introduce the basic principles of the laser range finder, especially the phase-shift laser ranging and the pulsed laser ranging. After considering the features of the proposed methods of laser range finder, I choose the pulsed laser ranging as an algorithm to measure the laser range. In order to improve the mesasurement accuracy and reduce the
complexity of the circuit. The delay-line interpolation is used to measure the time-of-flight interval. This distance measurement algorithm can be implemented in a FPGA / CPLD
single-chip and an application specific chip should be studied carefully.
The distance measurement accuracy and range of the delay-line interpolation algorithm are studied in this paper. In addition,I design the specific circuit modules of the proposed algorithm. Combined with the Altera QUARTUS II, I complete the timing and functional simulation of the modules with the preparation of VHDL. Finally the overall distance measurement module is designed and the timing simulation shows that the result meets the design requirements. In order to verify the performance of the overall distance measurement module, I demo the hardware simulation with a development board that is based on the Altera CycloneIIEP2C5Q208C8. In my surprised, the simulation demonstration of the laser ranging finder achieves the desired effect.
Keywords: Pulsed laser langing, Phase-shift laser ranging, Delay-line interpolation, Module, Simulation
本文介绍了激光测距的基本原理,详细介绍了相位式激光测距和脉冲式激光测距的原理,结合两种激光测距方法的特点,选用脉冲式激光测距进行距离测量的算法研究。为了提高脉冲式激光测距的精度,减少激光测距电路的复杂性,采用延迟线插入法测量激光飞行时间间隔,可以在单片FPGA/CPLD芯片中实现测距算法,研究出测距的专用芯片。
目录
摘要 ................................................................... I ABSTRACT .............................................................. II 目录 ................................................................. III
第一章 绪论 ............................................................ 1
1.1课题研究的背景与意义 .................................................................................................................... 1
1.2国内外激光测距研究现状 ................................................................................................................ 1
1.3本课题研究的主要工作 .................................................................................................................... 2
1.4论文的内容结构 ................................................................................................................................ 2
1.5本章小结 ............................................................................................................................................ 3
第二章 激光测距技术 .................................................... 5
2.1激光测距技术简介 ............................................................................................................................ 5
2.1.1 激光测距原理............................................................................................................................. 5
2.1.2相位式激光测距 ......................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.3脉冲式激光测距 ......................................................................................................................... 6
2.2测距方法的确定 ................................................................................................................................ 7
2.3本章小结 ............................................................................................................................................ 7
第三章 脉冲式激光测距时间间隔测量 ...................................... 9
3.1脉冲式激光测距时间间隔测量原理及方法 .................................................................................... 9
3.2模拟法 ................................................................................................................................................ 9
3.3数字法 ................................................................................................................................................ 9
3.4数字插入测量法 .............................................................................................................................. 10
3.4.1延迟线插入测量法 ................................................................................................................... 10
3.4.2电容充放电测量法 ................................................................................................................... 11
3.4.3并行计数法 ............................................................................................................................... 12
3.5时间间隔测量方法确定 .................................................................................................................. 13