高中英语重点词汇精讲
abandon: vt.放弃，遗弃 abandon medicine for literature 弃医从文； desert:遗弃，抛弃 on a
deserted island.
ability: n 能力，才能：have the ability to do…=be capable of doing…有能力做……
able: adj.有能力的：an able leader; be able to与can的区别：can只有现在 (can)和过去 (could)
两种形式，而be able to可有各种时态。（详见情态动词）。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone ______get out. A . could B. was able to C. can D. must (B)
aboard: adv./prep在船（飞机，车）上. Aboard=on board; All aboard!请上船；开船啦。
Welcome aboard!请上船（飞机，车）
about: prêt./adv.在周围，在身边；关于(on更严肃，正式)；大约：be about to do... (=be at/on the
point of doing...)即将做。。。。。。后不能接 soon, at once等时间状语； How about +doing/名词/代词/句子等 ...=What about..做 ......好吗？
① I have no money about me. ② Have you heard of the story about Shakespeare? about two yeas=two years pr so =some two years
All the mariners ____died except the one who shot the bird left to tell his story to others, which was described in the poem called ―The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.‖
A. on a board B. on aboard C. on boards D. aboard
abroad: adv. be (go/live/travel) abroad; come (return ) from abroad; both at home and abroad在国内
外；be all abroad离题，不中肯
absence: n. absent: adj. 不在，缺席；不在意的：
He will be absent at the meeting from Beijing.（不在北京）
He will be absent at the meeting in Beijing.（外出在北京）Absence of mind心不在焉；
反义词：present出席的，在场的，用法和 absent一样，但作定语要后置 (n.礼物，at present 目前) _______got a present at the party. (A)
A. All present B. Present all C. All presenting absorb: vt.吸收（声音，光线，液体等），吸收，理解（知识等）；Be absorbed in全神贯注于。 I
was absorbed in a book and didn‘t hear you call.
academic:学院的，学校的，学业的。academic levels/challenges:学业水平/学习中的挑战。 accident: 意外;incident:小事件，政治事变或事件by accident=by chance偶然 accept:承认，接受（主观），receive: 收到（表客观），accept A as B 承认 A 是 B, He was accepted as an excellent teacher at last.
Yesterday he did _______an invitation, but he refused to _____it . (B 、A) A. accept B. receive access: 进入，接近(to), have access to: 有权进入….,能够使用到…. accessible adj. 可以使用（或
得到）的。能进入的。Sth .be accessable to sb. 某人容易使用到…
account: account for…解释，描述。On account of…因为… take account of…考虑到…。 accuse;指控,指责。Accuse sb. Of sth…指控某人犯…；be accused of…被指控犯…。
achieve: ①完成,取得,达到achieve one‘s work/success/one‘s goal; achieve the goal of doing…达
2achievements:成就，到….. 目标。○成绩 He achieved/gained great/brilliant achievements
in writing novels.
acquire:学习（一般指天生的习得）； 而learn指课堂学习。English acquired ability.
across: ① 横穿而过（从物体表面）；through:穿过（从物件内部）；over:跨过（从物体上方）；
past:经过（从物件旁边）；along:经过（从物体边沿）
He went ______the river and didn‘t find a boat to go _____ it.
A. over, across B. along, across C. along, over D. past, through
act: ①vi.行为，演出，Vt.担当，演……角色 (=play the part of) n.法令,条例 act as=work
as=serve as担当,充当
Who will _____Shakespeare in the film? A. act B. act as C. play a part pf (A)
① action. n.行为,行动,措施 take actions 采取行动, take measures 采取措施
active: adj.积极的,活跃的 take(an) active part in积极参加……, be active in sth./doing sth.在……
方面很积极。live/lead an active life过着活跃的生活。
actual: ① 现实的，实际的（现实存在，不是想象中的）；real:真实的（不是假的）rue:真实的
（不是 in actual life, a real gold ring, a true story ② actually: adv.实际上，确实 =in fact/in reality/ as a matter of fact =really
adapt:（使适应。dapt (oneself) to…（使适应.. adapt A for B:把 A改编/改写/改造成adapt from…
根据……改编。
add: ①vt.加 add… to…把……加到……上
Two _____to three makes five. A. added B. adding C. is added D. being added (A) ②add to增加, (=increase) The bad weather added to our difficulties. ③ add up把 加Please add up all the figures. ④ add up to合计为=come to =amount to
addict: vt.使……沉溺, be/ get addicted to对……上瘾 The young man gets addicted to drugs.
address: ①n 地址 ② v 寄.=post he addressed a letter to me.
adjust: adjust (oneself)to …使自己适宜于……； adapt to适应于=agree with
admire: admire sb. For (doing) sth. 因……而钦佩某人;envy: 妒忌,羡慕envy sb. sth.
admit: ① vi/vt. admit(to) sth. 承认…… admission n. ②让??进入,接纳admit ab. to/into…
允许某人进入……be admitted to school/ hospital,允许进入……, ③admit doing sth.允许做……承认做…… ④ admit+从句⑤admtt of…=allow of…容许有……The matter admits of no delay. 容纳=hold=seat The room can admit 200 persons. adopt: 采纳,接受(=accept), 收养。 adopt one‘s suggestion.
advance: advance towards a place:向……前进 advance in sth.在……方面有增长; advance to a
place: 到达……;advance on/upon…逼近,进攻; in advance:提前 =ahead of time; in advance of…在……之前,比……前进。 Advancing=developing: 发展中的， advanced:发达的，高级的，进步的。
advantage: 优点，好处take advantage of…利用……=make use of; have/ take an advantage over
others 对……有优势 。disadvantage: 不足,可数名词。
advice: ①忠告，劝告（不可数）， tip:劝告，可数，a piece of advice一条劝告，give sb. some
advice on( how to do) sth就……给某人提建议, take/follow one‘s advice 采纳某人的建议, ask (sb.) for advice 征询某人的建议, do sth. on one‘s advice按某人的建议做……
② advise: v.(BE)=advice v.(AE) advise sb. to do sth. 劝某人做……, advise sb. not to do
sth=advise sb. against doing sth.劝/建议某人不要做……, advise doing sth. 建议做……;但suggest可用suggest: (one‘s/sb.) doing sth,不用suggest sb. to do sth.
I ____the lady go there at once. A. suggested B. advised C. hoped D. wished (A) affair:泛指 ―事务,事情,事件‖, affairs:表重大 ―事务或事态‖;event:指有重大意义的历史事件;
business:生意,公事 on/in business, go into business; matter问题
Business before pleasure. There are several matters to be dealt with at the meeting.
affect :vt. 影响effevt n. have an effect on…=affect…对…有影响.have no/much/great/little…effect
on/upon 对什么没有/有很大/重大/很小,几乎没有影响. effective adj.有效的
afford: ①负担起(??的费用)可接名词,代词或to do……,常与can. could, be able to连用于否
定句或问句中.
his poor family can‘t afford his education. I can‘t afford to buy a car at present. ② 抽得出时间=spare但 spare 可spare sb. +时间He can‘t afford time for the cinema. I
can spare you two hours.我能为你抽出两个小时. ③提供 afford sb. sth. = offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb. =supply sth to/for sb./supply sb. With sth.=provide sb. With sth./provide sth for/to sb. Failure afford us experience.
afraid: be afraid to do…害怕做……,be afraid of (doing) sth.担心做……be afraid+ 句子,be afraid
not/so恐怕不行/恐怕如此(对句子的省略回答). I don‘t want to be a waitress because I‘m afraid ____ dishes frequently. A. on breaking B. to break (A)
after: ① 表过去一段时间以后或将来某个时刻以后,反义词是before 指从过去算起时间以前
或将来某个时刻以前;而 指将来一段时间以后,反义词是ago指从现在算起一段
里头以前. ② after all毕竟,终究, above all首先,最重要的是(作 入语),指重要性; first of all 首先,最重要的是, 指顺序或重要性, in all = in total= altogether总共, at all根本. we can‘t blame him for what he did; ____ he is a child. A. at all B. in all C. after all D. above all (C)
agree: ①agree to sth. 同意, 成(plan/arrangement/suggestion/… ②agree woth sb.(或decision,
view, opinion,或某人的话)同意, 成; 与……一致,适合(天气,食物等)he moved to biijing because he ____ the weather here. (A) A. didn‘t agree with B. wasn‘t suitable for C. wasn‘t fit for D. didn‘t agree to ③ agree to do sth.同意, 成做……④ agree on sth.在…….取得一致⑤ agree+句子,同意……⑥反义词: disagree,名词:agreement:契约,协议 reach/come to/ arrive at/make an agreement with…on sth. 与……就…….达成协议.
aid: do/ give/ offer first aid to sb =do/give/ offer sb. first aid对某人进行急救; go 援救某人
aim: n./v.目标,目的,瞄准 take aim at…=aim at…瞄准……目的在于…… aim sth at sth用什么瞄
准什么东西, aim your gun at…., 用枪瞄准……aim…at…旨在…; aim to do sth 目的在于做… china has long been a leader in the field of genetic research ____ at imporoving agriculture. A. aimed B. aiming C. to aim (A)
he has aimed at entering a key university.
air : ①in the air在空中,在流传, 悬而未决 ; on the air在广播中; by air乘飞机等 (=by plane)l
in the open air在野外 ② vt.使通风,晾干 air your clothes
all: all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, whole, wholly,
entirely, altogether等是总括含义代词形容词和副词等,与否定词not 连用,构成部分否定,表示 ―不都,并非都‖.而全否定要用no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no long, no way等,表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成 ―全部否定‖.
allow : ① allow doing…允许做….. ② allow sb. to do….允许某人做
Students aren‘t allowed ____in school. A. to smoke B. smoking (A) ③ allow for? 考虑到，体谅，顾及。
It takes about an hour to get there, allowing for possible traffic delays. ④ allow of? 容许，容得 the meeting allows of no delay. ⑤allow sb. sth. 同意给某人??.
alive: loving, lovely ,lovely, alive, live的区别:
alive adj. “ 活着的”,作后置定语,表语,补足语等,不作前置定语; kept sth olive
live:作定语, “活的,有生命的,活生生的,生机勃勃的,燃着的,实况转播的”,还可作动词,
a live fish, live coal燃着的煤, a live football match 一场直播的足球; a live young man一个生机勃勃的年轻人;
living adj. “有生命的,活着的”,作前置定语或表语(还可作名词 make a living),修饰人或
物, living beings/things生物;
lively: “生动的,活跃的,充满生气的” a lively and interesting class; lovely adj.可爱的 a lovely girl.
While a person is asleep, a part of his brain is still ____. A. active B. alive C. awake D. aware (A) Language is a ____ and continually changing thing. A. live B. alive C. lively D. living (D)
almost:“几乎”=nearly,但almost不能位于very后;nearly不能和any, no, none, never, nothing
等连用,not nearly “决不,远非”= far from; almost not “几乎不”
I am far from _____ with what he said. (A)
A. satisfied B. satisfying C. being satisfied
alone: ① adj. “单独的”,作表语或补足语,表客观事实; lonely: “孤独的,荒凉的,偏僻的”,
可带感情色彩.
②adv.单独地,独自alone=on one’s own= by oneself 单独地, leave sb. alone别打扰某人,
把某人单独下
The old man lives alone in a lonely house, but he doesn’t feel lonely because he can make a living alone. aloud: 出声(侧重,由无声到有声) loud 大声地(侧重声音由低到高). Please speak loud. I can’t hear you clearly.
although: ① conj. 虽然 =though,不与 but, so, and 连用,可与yet, still连用.
② Although:常位于句首,不用倒装; though:位于句中或句首,可倒可不倒装; as常位于句
首,要倒装(即副词,形容词,省冠词的名词,动词原形提前),它们都接句子; in spite of=despite 是介词短语,接名词或动名词.
_____ getting high marks in the examinations, he is still working hard. A. In spite of B. Although C. Though D. In case of
amaze: vt.使??感到非常吃惊. ① amaze sb. ② be amazed at sth 对??感到吃惊.
③be amazed to do sth ④ I was amazed+句子. amazing 表示令人惊奇的事物; amazed 表示人感到惊奇.
among:在??之间(多者); between: 在??之间(两者); between A and B
another: 泛指多者中另外 “一个或几个” three more boys=another three boys; the other两者中
另外 “一个” one?the other?一个??另一个;the others=the other+可复: “另外 一些”,指全部; others=other+可复: “另外一些”,指部分
I need ____students to help me carry the books besides Tom and Peter.
A. three other B. three another C. another three D. other three (C)
answer: 答复,回答answer the letter/door/phone/question, answer for 对??负责,受到报
应,answer a question=reply to a question; an answer/ a key to ? ??的答案
anxious: adj.渴望的,忧虑的(anxiety n.) be anxious to do sth. 急切做??,be anxious for/ about. ?.
为??担心,be anxious+句子(虚拟语气);be eager to do sth.. 渴望做??;look forward to doing sth..盼望做??.
apologize: apologize (to sb.) for doing sth./ sth.=make an apology (to sb.) for doing sth./ sth.为??
向某人道歉.
appear: ① 出现,显露, the sun appeared out of the black cloud.
② 来到,露面( He didn’t appear until the meeting almost ended.
③看来(好像) It appears/seems to sb. that+句子= sb. appears/seems to do sth.(此结构一般
不用look) appear指从外表上看好象(=look)??; 而 seem指实质上看好象??
He appears to have known the news =it appears that he has known the news. The plane appears stronger inside than outside. (不用seem) ④ appearance: n.出现,来到,外貌,面貌
The old building affects the appearance of the city.
apply: ① apply?to?把??应用于 We should apply the theory to practice.
② apply to适用于 This kind of books doesn’t apply to children. ③ apply (to sb.) for?
向某从请求/申请?? When you have any question, please apply to me for help. ④ appilication n.
approach: v.靠近,接近.与?.打交道(about);着手处理 n.靠近,接近(of);通道,入口(to);方法(to)
argue:争吵,争辩.着重就自己的看法或立场提出论证和别从辩论;而quarrel:争吵,吵架.表示因不
同意或不喜欢而产生的强烈的争论或争吵; debate: 辩论,争论. argument: n.
① argue about sth. 争吵(关于??) ② argue with sb.同??争吵 ③ argue
for/against?赞成/反对??④argue with ab. about/over sth.与某从争论某事,为??与某人争吵 ⑤argue ab. Into doing sth.～persuade sb. into doing?.说服某人做?.= persuade sb. to do sth. ⑥ argue sth. 对某事争论 ⑦ argue that-clause:主张,认为??
arrange: vt/vi.安排,筹划.arrange sth. For sb. 为?安排?.; arrange with sb. about/ for?与?商定
某事.arrange to do sth安排做?.;arrange that+句子.
arrive: ① vi. 到达arrive at/ in(大地方用in,小地方用at)?=get to(接home, here, there,省
to)=reac(常指努力到达) ② 得出arrive at/ come to a conclusion/decision得出结论,做出决定. ③ arrival n. 到达,来到.
as: ① conj.像??一样,表比较 as?as?, not so ?as?修饰形容词可单时,形容词提到冠词前,
这点和that, how, too 等一样;但like是介词.
He does his work as his father does (like his father). He is ____as Mary.
A. as good a student B. so good a student C. too good a student D. as a good
student (A)
②表方式, “按照,如同”You must to everything as I tell you.
③表时间, “当??时”, “随着”,和When, while 的区别:while:当??时,和??同