※ 第二人称→听话者
第三人称→第一人称及第二人称话题中提到者
主格+动词 所有格+名词
一般动词+受格/介系词+受格 例：1. He likes sports. (他喜欢运动。)
2. His friends are over there. (他的朋友们在那里。) 3. The girl loves him very much. (那女孩非常爱她。) ◎ it可表示天候、时间、距离
例：l. It rains a lot in Taipei in spring. (it表天候)
(台北春天下很多雨。)
2. It was two o'clock when he came back home. (it表时间) (他两点回到家。)
3. It is five kilometers from here to the airport. (it表距离) (从这里到机场距离是5公里。)
◎ it表示某一状况→此时多半是说话的人及听话的人都能了解的特定状况。
例：1. A: Who knocked at the door? (谁敲门？)
B: I thought it was Jack. (我想是Jack。) 2. It's all up to you. (一切由你决定。) 3. I like it here. (我喜欢这里。) 4. I don't feel like it. (我不想。)
◎ It可以当假主词→代替一件事
例：1. It is difficult to learn Spanish. (西班牙文很难学。)
(假主词)
你该说实话，这很重要。) (假主词)
告诉他这件事是没用的。) (假主词) 例：1. We had a heavy rain yesterday. (昨天下了一场大雨。)
2. You don't see many Chinese there. (在那里看不到许多中国人。) 3. They speak English in Canada. (在加拿大说英语。)
所有代名词