2015-2016学年牛津英语沪教版
八年级英语上册 Unit 6 Ancient stories
一．必背词汇及短语
（1）必记单词 1. ancient adj. 古代的 2. war n. 战争 3. understand v.(understood, understood) 懂，理解 4. difference n. 差别，不同之处 5. soldier n. 士兵 6. huge adj. 巨大的 7. pull v. 拖，拉动 8. main adj. 主要的 9. celebrate v. 庆祝，庆贺 10. stupid adj. 笨的，傻的 11. midnight n. 午夜，子夜 12. empty adj. 空的 13. except prep. 除….之外 14. secret adj. 秘密的 15. side n. 侧面 16. quietly adv 安静地 17. army n. 陆军部队 18. enter v. 进来，进入 19. succeed v.达到目的，实现目标 20. trick n. 计谋 21. prince n. 王子 22. queen n. 王后 23. steal v.(stole, stolen) 偷，窃取 24. punish v. 处罚，惩罚 25. scene n.（戏剧或歌剧的）场 26. sir n. 先生 27. captain n. 首领 (2) 重点词组 1. act out 将…表演出来 2. in ancient times 在古代 3. except for 除….之外 4. be full of = be filled with 大量的，许多的，充满 5. in the end 最后 6. come on 加油，加把劲 7. so much 这么多 8. in the future 将来，未来/ in future从今，以后=from now on 9.think of 想起，想到 10. have been to 去过某地 have gone to 去了某地 have been in 在某地 11. make a joke/jokes about sb/sth 拿…开玩笑=laugh at 12. look down at 俯视 13. fill…with… 把 …装/填/充满 14. the differences between…and… 15. a ticket to… …的票 16. succeed in doing sth 成功干某事 17. ―within+ 一段时间‖ ―一段时间内‖ 18. ―in+一段时间‖―一段时间以后‖ (3) 重点句子： 1. I have not laughed like this since my childhood. 我从小就没有这样笑过。
2. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.到了午夜，除了这匹巨型木马之外，主广场空荡荡的。
3. They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.他们一个个悄悄地从木马里爬出来。
4. Only a few people know about this information. 只有少数人知道关于这个信息的情况。
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5. The Greek army entered the city. 希腊军队进了城。
6. In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick. 然而，在一个晚上，他们采取了一个聪明的计谋成功地攻下了特洛伊城。
一．必背词汇及短语
单词
1. ancient adj. 2. war n. 3. understand v. ( )
4. difference n. adj. 5. soldier n. 6. huge adj. = 7. pull v.
8. main adj. adv. 9. celebrate v. n.庆祝 10. stupid adj. = = 11. midnight n. 12. empty adj. 反义词 13. except prep. 14. secret adj. n. 15. side n. 16. quietly adv adj. 17. army n. 18. enter v. =
19. succeed v. = n. adj. adv.
20. trick n. play a trick on sb = 21. prince n. 22. queen n.
23. steal v. ( / ) n.偷窃者 24. punish v. n.处罚，惩治 25. sir n. 26. scene n. n. 风景 27. captain n.
短语
1. act 将…表演出来 2. in 在古代 3. except 除….之外 4. 最后
5. be full = be with 大量的，许多的，充满
6. come on 7. so much 8.think 想起，想到 9. 将来，未来/ 从今，以后=from now on
10. have to 去过某地 / have to 去了某地/ have 在某地 11. make a joke/jokes sb/sth 拿…开玩笑=laugh sb 12. look down 俯视 13. fill… … 把 …装/填/充满
14. the between…and… 不同之处 15. a ticket … …的票 16. succeed sth 成功干某事 = manage sth
17. ― + 一段时间‖ ―一段时间内‖ 18. ― +一段时间‖―一段时间以后‖
重点句子
1. I have not laughed like this . 我从小就没有这样笑过。
2. By midnight, the main square was , the huge horse.到了午夜，除了这匹巨型木马之外，主广场空荡荡的。
3. They quietly the horse .他们一个个悄悄地从木马里爬出来。 4. Only a few people know about this information. 只有少数人知道关于这个信息的情况。
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5. The Greek army the city. 希腊军队进了城。
6. In one night, however, they capturing it through a clever trick. 然
语法：现在完成时（二）
【教材典句】
1. I’ve lived in Shanghai since November 1998. 我自从1998年11月就住在上海。 2. I have studied History for two years. 我学习历史两年了。
【语法全解】
表示过去某个时刻开始持续到现在，还有可能继续到将来的动作或情况，常与since，for连用。
现在完成时的四个考点
1. have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别
have been to +地点 表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。(once ,twice...) have gone to +地点 表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。(where is sb ?) have been in +地点 表示在某地呆多长时间。（for…../ since …..） eg: I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京两次。
--Where is Tom? – He has gone to America. 汤姆在哪里？ 他去了美国。 I have been in Shenzhen for two years/ since two years ago.
我已经在深圳两年了。
2. 现在完成时和一般过去时区别
现在完成时与现在有关的时态，他侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生的具体的时间时，只能用一般现在时。试比较：
The plane has arrived. 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿） The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻钟以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）
I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿教了十五年。（表示十五年前
的动作一直延续到现在，还可能继续）
I taught here a year ago. 我一年前在这儿教书。（表示我现在已经不在这
任教了）
--Has he returned the library book?
--Yes, he has. When ____ he _____(return) it ?
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--He ____ (return)it yesterday afternoon.
3.since 和for 区别
since + 时间点（过去一个时间点/ 一段时间 + ago/ 从句） for + 时间段,与延续性动词连用。
如： I have worked in Shenzhen since 2007.
I have worked in Shenzhen since five years ago. I have worked in Shenzhen for five years. It’s five years since I worked in SZ.
4. 短暂性动词和延续性动词区别
① 短暂性动词: 表示不能延续的动作，如：open, die, close, begin, come, go, move,
borrow, lend, buy 等
② 延续性动词：表示能够延续的动作，如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk,
keep, have 等
短暂动词不能和时间段连用，若与时间段连用，必须将短暂性动词改 成延续性动词。
? 短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换
(1) 短暂性动词转化为意思相同的延续性动词 borrow/lend—_____ 借—保有 put on—wear/ be _____ 穿上 become—_____ 变—是 get to know—know 了解 buy—_____/ own 买—拥有 catch a cold—_____ a cold 感冒 receive— have 收到—拥有 go to sleep—sleep 去睡觉 begin—last 开始—持续 join—_____+组织 _____+ 组织 加入
(2)将短暂性动词转化为―be+形容词或副词‖
begin—be _____ 开始 go there—be there 去那 come back—be back 回来 come here—be here 来这 open—be _____ 开 close—be _____ 关着 die—be _____ 死 marry—be _____ 结婚 finish—be _____ 结束 go to bed—be_____ bed 睡觉 leave—be _____ 离开 return—be _____ 返回 get out—be out 出去 fall asleep—be asleep 入睡 lose—be lost 丢失 fall ill—be_____ 生病
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? buy—have 买；borrow/lend—keep 借
I bought the camera last week. 我上周买了部相机。
I have had the camera for a week. 相机我买了一个星期。 ? die—be dead 死；leave—be away 离开
The man died two years ago. 这个男人两年前死的。
The man has been dead for two years. 这个男人死了两年了。 ? join—be in the +组织/ be a member of+组织 She joined the army two years ago.
She has been a solider for two years. 她入伍两年了。 ? open— be open 开张； close—be closed 关闭
The shop opened last year. =The shop has been open for a year. 商店开了一年了。
5. 现在完成时的主要句型
A). 主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+ for+ 时间段 He has learned English for nearly two years. 他学习英语近两年了。 B).主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+since 时间点 /since+一般过去时.
I have worked in the factory since 2007.
We have lived in Shenzhen since I was born. 我自从出生以来就住在深圳。 C).It’s +时间段+since +一般过去时
It is two years since he died.= He died two years ago.= He has been dead for two years. 他死了两年了。
? His grandfather died two years ago . His grandfather has ____ ____ for two years. _____two years _____ his grandfather ____.
课堂练习
1.—Have you _______travelled on the train. —Yes, I have.
A. never B. ever C. just D. yet 2.—Have you finished your homework. —Not _______ . A. ever B. already C. yet D. just 3. We haven't finished our homework __________ . A. already B. ever C. yet D. never
4.—Have you ______learned English? —Yes, I've _______learned a lot. A. never, ever B. ever, never C. ever, already D. already, ever
5.—Have you finished your homework ______? —Yes, I've ______ done that. A. yet, already B. already, yet C. ever, never D. still, just
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6. He ________ finished his homework yet
A. doesn’t B. haven’t C. hasn’t D. doesn’t have 7. My mother has worked in this factory ______ 2 years. A. about B. for C. in D. since 8. I haven't heard from him______last week. A. since B. for C. ago D. before 9. His father joined the party_________
A. for three years B. since three years ago C. three years ago D. in two years' time 10. We______to the Great Wall several times. A. go B. were going C. have gone D. have been 11. He______for three years.
A. has joined B. has been in the army C. joined D. has served the army 12. His grandfather______for thirty years.
A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died 13. I______ from my brother for a long time. A. not have heard B. have not heard
C. have heard not D. do not hear
14. Miss Zhang, the most beautiful teacher, many flowers and letters these days.
A. received B. will receive C. was receiving D. has received 15. –Mike, why are you watching TV again?
-- I my homework.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished 16. –China develops so fast. – That’s true. It a lot today.
A. changes B. changed C. will changed D. has changed 17. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he yet
A. didn’t arrive B. doesn’t arrive C. isn’t arriving D. hasn’t arrived
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. I have been in the city since I (bear). 2. He needed (lie) down and rest.
3. She (build) a big house for his parents in ten years. 4. The girl (call) Tina is my cousin.
5. The old man (live) here alone since 1999.
课后作业
1. He______for three years.
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A. has joined B. has been in the army C. joined D. has served the army 2. His grandfather______for thirty years.
A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died 3. I______ from my brother for a long time. A. not have heard B. have not heard C. have heard not D. do not hear
4. --Have you been to Shanghai? – No, I have been there, but I plan to go there this summer holiday.
A. often B. always C. ever D. never 5. It’s dark. She not gone home . A. has already B. have, yet C. have, already D. has, yet 6. He______ that factory since 1958.
A. has left B. has worked in C. has gone from D. has come to 7. Our teacher______to Beijing three times.
A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has been 8. -- How long have you here? –Since two years.
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
9. -- Do you get any letters from Li Lei? – No. I from him until now. A. got everything B. will get something C. have got anything D. have got nothing
10. -- Our country a lot so far. – Yes. I hope it will be even . A. has changed, better B. changed, good C. has changed, good D. changed, better 11. -- Why don’t you go to the movie with me, Gina? -- Because I it twice.
A. see B. have seen C. saw D. will see 12. -- Someone the classroom, It’s clean now.
A. have cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. is cleaning 13. -- How long have you been collecting shells? -- . A. After I left school B. Before I move here
C. When I went to school D. Since I was ten years old
14. -- Where are you going for your holiday? -- Well, we yet. A. haven’t decided B. hadn’t decided C. don’t decided D. didn’t decide
15. -- How long you ill? -- Two weeks.
A. did, fall B. have, fallen C. have, been D. did, fell 16. –Is Cindy at home?
--No, she the library. She there a moment ago.
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A. has gone to; went B. has gone to; has been C. has been to; went D. has been to; has gone 17. She ________ as an animal trainer since 2003.
A．has worked B. works C. will work D. have worked 18. --How clean the bedroom is! --Yes, I am sure that someone ________ it . A. cleans B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. had cleaned 19. --Hello, Mike. Long time no see. Where were you ?
--Oh, not only my parents but also I ______ Wuhan for a month. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has been in D. have been in 20. We can’t find him anywhere. Perhaps he______home. A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come
句型转换
1. She started to play the piano when she was seven years old.(改成现在完成时) She play the piano since she was seven years old.
2. Mr Green came to China two years ago. (用since two years ago 改写句子) Mr Green China since two years ago. 3. I have already seen the film?(改为一般疑问句) you the film ?
4. Her brother has been in the army since three years ago.(对划线部分提问) her brother been in the army? 5. The classroom is full of students.(改成同义句)
The classroom students. 6. I have bought a present for Jim.(就划线部分提问) have you for Jim?
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