break in break into break off
break out break through break up
breath n. single act of taking air into the lungs 呼吸 词组 catch one‘s breath= hold one‘s breath 屏息 out of breath 喘不过气来 take one‘s breath away 使惊羡不已 展开 breathe v. 呼吸
brief adj. lasting only a short time 简短的，短暂的 词组 a brief introduction 简要的介绍 in brief 简言之，简单地说 展开 briefly adv. 简单地
bright adj. giving out or reflecting much light; shining 明亮的;clever; intelligent 聪明的 词组 bright future 前途光明 bright sunshine 灿烂的阳光 a bright boy 聪明的男孩
bring vt. come carrying sth or accompanied by sb. 带来 词组 bring about =result in =give rise to 导致，引起 =lead to = cause bring down 打倒，使倒下；使降低 bring forward 提出，提议；提前
bring out 推出（新产品等）；出版；使显出，使明显
bring through 使脱离险境，使渡过难关 bright up 抚养；教育，培养 辨析 bring carry take fetch
bring表示，―拿来，带来‖，指从别处把某人某物带来。它表示单程，与take方向
相反。
carry表示―携带，搬运‖，有负担的含义，它指从一地到另一地的运动，但不说明
动作的方向
take表示―拿走，带走‖，指把某物从本处拿走，或把某人带走。它指单程，与bring
方向相反
fetch表示―去取来，带走‖，指到别处去把某物取来，或把某人接来。它表示往返，
指双程，相当于 go and bring
Don‘t forget to bring your homework with you tomorrow.
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闯入；插嘴（in 为副词）
强行闯入，破门而入；突然开（大笑，唱歌，欢呼等） 停止（中断）（讲话）；使突然结束；中断（解除）（关系，约定等） 突然发生，爆发（无被动，为不及物词组） 突破，有重要创建；冲破，（强行）穿过 打碎，拆散；分成部分；使终止（结束）
broad 词组
bump 词组
bunch 词组
burden 词组
burn 词组
Why do you carry an umbrella on such a fine day? He rushed home to fetch his laptop.
I don‘t know what I should take to the sea when I leave.
adj. large in size from one side to the other; wide 宽的；广泛的 a broad-minded man 心胸宽广的人 as broad as it is long 横竖都一样（表两者无分别） vi. knock or strike sth with a dull-sounding blow; collide with sth 碰，撞 bump against / into 碰撞 bump into 偶然遇见，碰见 n. number of things (usu of the same kind) growing, fastened or grouped together 束，簇
a bunch of flowers 一束花 a bunch of keys 一串钥匙 a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄 n. thing or person that is carried; heavy load 重负
v. put a burden on sb/ oneself; load sb/ oneself 是负重 be burdened with worries 忧心忡忡 be burdened with 肩负…
vi./vt destroy, damage, injure or mark (sb/sth) by fire, heat or acid 燃烧，发热燃烧 burn down 烧毁；火势渐弱
burn out （指火）因燃料用尽而熄灭；烧光，烧毁
（常用于被动态）
burn up 烧光，烧毁；烧起来，旺起来；使发怒 be burnt to ashes 烧为灰烬
burst vt./vi. break violently open or apart 使爆裂；explode 爆炸，爆裂；挤满，充满；
突然打开；突然发生，突然发作
n. sudden outbreak of sth 爆炸，爆裂；爆发，突发 词组 burst into 闯入，冲进 burst into tears 哭了起来 burst into laughter 大笑起来 burst into flames 烧了起来 burst out crying 大哭起来 burst out laughing 突然大笑 burst open 突然打开 a burst of gunfire 一阵枪声
例句 If you fill too many in your bag, it will burst.如果你塞太多东西，书包会破的。 bush n. low thickly-growing plant with several woody stems coming up from the root
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结构 转弯抹角，旁敲侧击 一鸟在手，胜于二鸟在林。
business n. buying and selling(esp. as a profession); commerce; trade 商业，生意 词组 business hours 营业时间 get down to business 认真着手办事 mind your own business 管好你自己的事，少管闲事 on business 因公，公事 It‘s none of your business. 不管你的事，少管闲事 mean business 是认真的 have no business 无权，没有理由 go out of business 歇业 Everybody‘s business is nobody‘s business. 三个和尚没水喝。
Business is business. 公事公办
busy adj. having much to do; occupied 忙的，繁忙的 词组 be busy with sth. 忙于 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 by prep. through the means of 用，通过 词组 by and by 不久，不一会儿 by and large 总的来说，一般来说 by the way 顺便提一句 call vt. shout, cry大声说出；喊，叫；order or ask sb to come by telephoning打电话给；
把…叫做; make a short visit 拜访
n. （一次）电话 词组 call at 拜访某地 call for 要求；把…召来；需要，要求 call in 收回，回收；请来（某人） call off 取消
call on 拜访某人；号召，要求；恳请（某人）做
某事）
call out 大声地说 call up 打电话；召集，征召（入役）；使人想起
calm adj. (of the sea) without large waves; still（指海洋）无浪的,平静的;
not excited, nervous or agitated; quiet 镇静的
辨析 calm quiet silent still calm 表示―平静的，镇定的‖，可以表示人内心的平静状态也可指外界的平静状态 He remained calm in face of danger. After the storm, the sea was rather calm.
quiet表示―安静的，宁静的‖。用于人时，表示性格温和；用于物时，表示相对地
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灌木，灌木丛 beat about the bush A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.
campus n. grounds and buildings of a university or college （大学的）校园，学校校园 词组 campus life 大学生活 live on campus 住在校内
candidate n. person who applies for a job is nominated for election 候选人；求职者 词组 candidate for president 总统候选人 candidate for manager 经理应聘者
capture vt. take (sb/sth) as a prisoner俘虏,捕获;take or win (sth) by force or skill 夺得，占领 n. 虏获，捕获 辨析 arrest capture catch seize arrest 逮捕，拘留 The police arrested the thief. capture捕获，虏获 We captured him alive. catch捉，抓住 The boy caught a bird. seize（突然地）抓住 They seized him by he collar. care vi. be worried; concerned 关心；considering how much 介意；
look after sb照顾，护理
n. 照管；关心；关怀；小心 词组 care about 关心；（因关心）而担忧；介意，在乎
care for 照顾，照料；（常用于否定句和疑问句）
喜欢
take care 当心，注意 take care of 照料，照顾；处理
carry vt. support the weight of (sb/sth) and take (him/it) from place to place
运载；传送；携带；担负
词组 carry away 使失去自制力，使着迷，使忘情 carry on (it) 继续，坚持；从事，经营
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没有嘈声及骚动的安静状态，即使有声音，声音也很低。
He was a quiet man who didn‘t let small things upset himself. She enjoys a quiet life in the small village.
silent表示―安静的，无声的，沉默的‖，主要用于人，表示不说话或很少说话，尤指沉默寡言。它强调没有声音，不指任何动作。 He promised to keep silent on the matter. All was silent again after the accident.
still表示―寂静的，静止的，不动的‖，强调人，事物或环境绝对静止。没有动作与声音。它不能用来指人的心理状态。 Please stand still while I take your photo.
carry ( it )out 执行，贯彻；实现 carry through （不顾困难等）完成；使度过困难（危险） (newspaper) carry news (报刊)刊登新闻 case n. instance or example of the occurrence of sth 事例；案例；情况 词组 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in case 假使，以防万一 in case of 假如，如果发生 in no case 无论如何也不，决不 in most cases 在大多数情况下 civil case 民事案件 a case in point 恰当的例子 例句 Take the umbrella, just in case. 带上伞，以防下雨。 Put down my address in case you forget. 写下我的地址万一你忘记。 In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 如遇火警，请按警铃。 In no case will I go with you. 我决不会跟你走。
He may be late, in which case we‘d better wait.
他或许迟到了，如果这样的话，我们最好等等。
cast v. throw (sth) esp. deliberately or with force 扔；投；抛 词组 cast away 丢掉 cast sb. into prison(=throw…into prison) 把…投进监狱 cast a shadow on 投下阴影
catch vt. capture sb/sth after a chase 赶上；抓住; understand 理解；感染；
(cause sth to) become fixed, stuck （使）钩住
词组 catch a bus/ train 赶上车 catch sb. smoking/ cheating 无意中抓住某人吸烟（作弊） catch the last word 理解最后一句 catch a cold 感冒 be caught in the rain 被雨淋 be caught on a stone 被石头绊住 catch fire 着火 catch sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊 catch up with 赶上 be caught in the door 被门夹住
cause n. that which produces an effect; thing, event, person, etc that makes sth happen
原因，起因；
vt. aim, principle or movement that is strongly defended or supported n. 事业
使产生，引起 词组 revolutionary cause 革命事业 the cause of the fire 火灾的起因 cause trouble 引起麻烦
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高三英语教材词汇用法同步详解
Unit One
abandon vt. go away from( a person or thing or place) not intending to return; desert 放弃，抛弃 词组 abandon one‘s home 离弃家园
abandon one‘s wife 遗弃妻子 an abandoned baby 被抛弃的孩子 abandon one‘s research for lack of funds 由于缺乏资金放弃 abandon oneself to 沉溺于
ability n. capacity or power to do something physical or mental 能力 词组 to the best of one‘s ability 尽自己最大努力 例句 I believe your ability to bring out the best in others.
我相信你有充分发挥别人潜力的能力
able adj. having knowledge or skill; capable 有能力的， 能干的 反义词：unable 词组 be able to do
be capable of 有能力做某事
辨析 able capable 两个都指―有才能的‖， able所指的意义，高过capable 一级,
如 an able man 能应付各种事情的人（指非常的），而a capable man 能应付自如的人（指寻常的）；capable也可以用于贬义，表示此人什么事都干得出来。
aboard adv. prep. on or into a ship, an aircraft, a train or a bus 在船（或飞机，车）上；
上船，登机, 在船（或飞机，车）上
词组 go aboard 上船（飞机） welcome aboard 请上船（飞机）
about prep. on the subject of (sb/sth); concerning or regarding关于；
around在周围；在各处；大约
adv. (indicating position, state, etc) here and there in (a place) 各处，周围 词组 be about to 刚要；正准备
例句 He was about to leave when it began to rain. 他刚要离开，这时开始下雨了。 How about…? What about…? 关于…怎么样？ How about going to watch a football game? 去看足球赛怎么样？ 辨析 be to do be going to do be about to do
be to do 表示计划或安排要做的事；
be going to do表示打算要做但还没有安排好何时做的事；
be about to do表示某时突然想要做某事或表示过去刚要做某事时另一件事发生了,
这时常与when词组连用。
例句 We are going to visit our former English teacher this winter holiday. 这个寒假我们打算去看看我们以前的英语老师。
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We are to visit our English teacher on Feb 5th. 二月五日我们去看看我们的英语老师。 I was about to leave home when the doorbell rang. 我刚要出门，这时门铃响了。
above prep. higher than something 在…上面；高于；超过 反义词：below adv. 在上面 词组 above all 最重要的是 above average 超过平均水平 as indicated above 如上所示 above-mentioned 上述的
absent adj. not present 缺席,心不在焉 反义词 present v. fml to keep oneself away （正式）缺席，不在 词组 be absent from 缺席 be present at 出席 absent-minded 心不在焉的 absent expression 茫然的表情 in the absence of = in one‘s absence 有谁不在场 in the presence of = in one‘s presence 有谁在场 展开 absence n. 反义词 presence
absolute adj. complete, total 十足的，道地的；绝对的，完全的 词组 an absolute idiot 十足的傻瓜 absolute power 绝对的权利 展开 absolutely adv. 完全地；极其
absorb vt. take sth in; include sth/sb as part of itself
吸收；接受；把…并入；吸引（注意力，精力等）
词组 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 （同）be lost in;
concentrate one‘s attention/ mind on focus one‘s mind/ attention on
abstract adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence
抽象的 反义词：concrete
an abstract noun抽象名词 n. 摘要，梗概 词组 in the abstract 抽象地说，一般地说
accept v. take (sth offered) willingly 接受，认可 adj. acceptable 可以接受的 辨析 receive 表示―收到‖，而accept 表示―接受‖，其反义词为refuse I received his invitation yesterday but I did not accept it. 昨天我受到了他的邀请，但是没有接受。 admit 表示―接纳‖，―吸收‖某人加入某一组织，团体等 Soon he was admitted to British citizenship.
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access
不久之后他便被接受为英国公民。 n. means of approaching or entering( a place) 通道；
opportunity or right to use sth or approach sth 接近；接近的机会；享用权
词组 a man of easy access 容易接近的人 have access to 可以到达（进入）；能够使用（接近） 例句 The only access to that building is along the muddy track. 进入那幢大楼的唯一通道就是这条泥泞的轨道。
Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case. 只有几个人可以获取这个案例的全部事实。 展开 accessible adj. 容易接近，得到或使用
accident n. event that happens unexpectedly and causes damages, injury, etc.意外事件，事故 词组 a traffic accident 交通事故 by accident 偶然 （同）by chance accidentally (反)on purpose
例句 He owes his success to a mere accident 他的成功出于偶然。 展开 accidental adj. 偶然的
accompany vt. to go with, as on a journey陪伴，陪同；
to happen or exist at the same time伴随，和…一起发生； to make supporting music for为…伴奏（或伴唱）
例句 I was accompanied to the airport by my wife. 妻子陪我到机场。 Suffering accompanied war. 灾难总是伴随着战争一起。 He sang a folk song, accompanied by his wife at the piano.
他唱了一首民歌，他妻子钢琴伴奏
展开 company n. 陪伴 keep sb. company 陪伴
accomplish v. to succeed in doing; finish successfully; perform 实行，完成 词组 accomplish one‘s purpose 达到目的 accomplish nothing 一事无成 accomplish wonders 创造奇迹 an accomplished young lady 多才多艺的少女 展开 accomplished adj. 熟练的，已完成的，有教养的 辨析 accomplish complete finish achieve fulfil accomplish—指通过努力完成（某一任务，使命），取得（成就），达到（目的）等 complete— 较accomplish更具体，指把建筑，工程，书籍等完成
finish— 指完成日常琐事，接动名词作―结束‖讲，而complete则不能如此。
另外，finish指消极性的―完成‖
辨析： I have finished the book. 我已读完这本书了。
I have completed the book. 我已写完这本书了。
fulfil— 完成（计划，任务），达到（目的），强调的是对预期的或保证过的事
情圆满完成，达到预想的目的和要求。 I had fulfilled many of my youthful ambitions.
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我已实现了我年轻时的许多抱负。
展开 achieve—指排除困难，完成伟大功业，取得成就。
according adv. 按照；根据 词组 according to 根据
accordingly adv. 相应地
account n. a written or spoken report; description记述，描述，报告
n. a record or statement of money received and paid out, as by a bank or business, esp. for a particular period or at a particular date账，帐户
n. 解释，说明 vi. account for 说明…的原因，是…的原因 vi. account for （在数量，比例方面）占 词组 give an account of 叙述；报告 pay one‘s account 付帐 keep accounts 记账 on account of 由于；因为 on no account 决不 take…into account = take account of = take into consideration 考虑 of no account 不重要的 on account 以赊帐方式 展开 accountant n. 会计人员
accuse v. to charge(someone)with doing wrong or breaking the law; blame 指责 词组 accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb.with sth. 控告某人 the accused 被告 the accuser 原告 展开 accusation n. 指责，控告
accustomed adj. being in the habit of; used to习惯于；
regular, usual 通常的，惯常的
词组 表示―习惯于‖ be (get, become, grow) accustomed to be (get, become, grow) used to （变得）习惯于 adapt oneself to adjust oneself to 使自己习惯于 accustom oneself to
例句 This is her accustomed hour to get up. 这是她惯常的起床时间
ache n. a continuous pain疼痛 vi. to have or suffer a continuous dull pain 疼痛，酸痛
合成词 toothache 牙疼
headache 头疼 stomachache 胃疼
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辨析 ache pain hurt ache 指一种辨析持久的疼痛，或因小病或失调引起的感觉 I have an ache in my stomach. 我胃疼。 He is aching all over. 他浑身痛。 pain 指人体感到不舒服，是一般用语，可指身体或精神方面的痛 I have a sharp pain in the neck.. 我的颈部痛得很。 hurt 指身体或精神的伤害，指―疼痛‖时，为不及物动词 What you have said hurt her. 你说的伤到她了。 My fingers still hurt now. 我的手指还在痛。
achieve vt. to finish successfully(esp. something, anything, nothing) 完成，实现，达到 vi. 成功 词组 achieve one‘s aim 达成目标 achieve nothing 一事无成 achieve success 成功 achieve a general increase in production 实现逐步增长 辨析 （见accomplish词条）
展开 achievement n. 成就，成绩
acquire vt. to get for oneself by one‘s own work, skill, action, etc.取得，获得；学到 词组 acquire a property 得到一笔财产 acquire a large vocabulary 学到大量词汇 acquire confidence 获得信心 辨析 acquire get obtain gain acquire 指（经过一个过程或通过自己的努力才）―获得‖，―习得‖ get 为一般用语，表示―得‖，―取得‖等，常用在口语中 obtain 比get文雅些，指凭着努力，要求等而―得到‖ Further information can be obtained from our head office.
可以从我们总部获得更多信息
gain ―取得‖―赚得（利益等）‖，含优势和成就等意味。 Nothing can be gained without an effort . 不劳则无获。
across prep. from one side to the other of穿过…， 横过…， 在…的对面 adv. 从 边到另一边；宽，横 词组 come across = run across 碰到某人或遭遇某事 get across 惹（某人）不高兴 put across 哄骗（使相信或接受） get sth. across 使人理解,领会 put sth. across 讲清楚，使人听懂 The stream is 6 feet across. 这条小溪六尺宽。 He was unable to get across to the group what he meant.他无法让人了解他什么意思。 We must learn how to put our ideas across. 我们必须学会讲清楚我们的观点。 辨析 across through
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except for指―非同类事物的辨析‖ except that―除了‖加句子 Your composition is quite good except for some spelling mistakes. 你的作文写得很好，就是有些拼写错误。 I know nothing about him except that he is an American.
除了他是美国人外， 我对他一无所知。 best adj. /adv. of the most excellent, desirable, suitable, etc kind 最好的；最好地 词组 try one‘s best= do one‘s best 尽力，努力 at best 充其量，至多 at one‘s best 处于颠峰，（最好的）状态 have/ get the best of 赢得；在…中取胜 make the best of （遇到不幸或失败时）尽力而为 to the best of one‘s knowledge/ belief/ ability 就某人所知（所信，能力所及）
better adj./ adv. a more excellent, desirable kind 更好的；更好地 词组 had better do sth. 最好，应该… change for the better 好转，向好的方向的发展
beyond adv. at or to a distance 在更远处
prep. at or to a more distant point than (sth) （指空间）在…的那一边；远于 later
than ( a specified time) （指时间）迟于； not within the range of (sth), surpassing （指范围）超出
词组 beyond compare 无与伦比 beyond one‘s power 力所不及 beyond praise 夸不胜夸 beyond the visiting hours 过了探望时间 go beyond the mountains 到山的那边去 bind v. tie or fasten, e.g. with rope v. (bound, bound) 捆，包扎，粘和，约束 词组 bind up a wound / one‘s hair 包扎伤口，束头发 bind one‘s arms 捆住手臂 I am bound by my promise. 我受到诺言的约束。
birth n. emergence of young from the mother‘s body 出生 词组 give birth to 生（孩子）；产生 birth rate 出生率 bit n. small piece or amount (of sth) 一点 词组 a bit 一点儿 not a bit 一点也不 not a little 非常 bit by bit 逐渐地 wait a bit 等一会儿
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bitter adj. having a sharp taste like aspirin or unsweetened coffee; not sweet 痛苦的，苦涩的 词组 bitter experiences 痛苦的经历 bitter fighting 苦战 bitter tears 辛酸的眼泪 cry bitterly 痛哭 展开 bitterly adv. 难以忍受地，引起悲伤地
black adj. of the very darkest colour 黑的 词组 black and blue 青肿的 black and white 白纸黑字 black coffee 清咖啡 black Monday 黑色星期一 black-hearted 黑心的 black lead 笔铅 black letter 黑体字 black mark 污点
blame vt. consider or say that sb is responsible for sth done (badly or wrongly) or not done
责怪
词组 blame sb. for sth. 责怪某人某事 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎到某人身上 be to blame for 对某事应负责任 例句 He was to blame for the accident. So he was blamed for it.
他应该为次事故受责. 因此他受到了责备
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Unit Four
blank
n. empty space in a document, etc for writing answers, a signature, etc
空白（处）， 空格
adj. without writing or printing 空白的，
without expression, understanding or interest; empty 茫然的
词组 fill in the blank 填空 look blank 脸上毫无表情 a blank check 一张空白支票 例句 My memory is blank. 记忆空白
blind adj. unable to see 失明的 vt. make (sb) temporarily or permanently blind 使失明 词组 be blind in the right eye 右眼瞎了 blind oneself 把自己弄瞎了 turn a blind eye to 视而不见 turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻 展开 blindness n. 失明
block n. group of buildings bounded by streets on four sides 街区；一排房屋，大楼;
large solid piece of wood, stone, metal, etc with flat surface 大块（木料，冰等）； thing that makes movement or progress difficult or impossible; obstruction 障碍物；
vt. make movement or flow difficult or impossible on or in sth; obstruct sth
阻塞，堵塞；阻碍，妨碍
词组 a block of ice/ stone 冰块，石块 a stumbling stock 绊脚石 an office block 办公大楼 block the progress of study 阻碍学习进步 walk three blocks 走三个街区 block off 封锁，封闭 block up 堵塞，挡住
bloom n./ vi. produce flowers 花，开花 词组 pass out of bloom 过了花期 come into bloom 盛开（花） in full bloom 盛开（花）
blow (blew, blown)
v. (of the wind or a current of air ) be moving 吹，吹动；(of an instrument, etc) sound in this way 吹响，吹奏；break (sth) with explosives （使）爆炸；send out (a current of air, etc) from the mouth 吹气，充气、
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n. sudden shock 一击，打击 词组 blow a horn 吹号角 blow bubbles 吹泡泡 blow up 爆炸；冲气，给打气；大怒 come to blows 开始互殴 blue adj. blue color 兰色的 ；feeling sad or depressed 沮丧的； n. 兰色 词组 look blue 面带忧郁 a blue movie/ film 色情电影 pale blue 淡兰色
board n. long thin flat piece of cut wood used for building walls, floors, boats, etc 板，木板；
船舷；group of people controlling a company or some other organization; committee; council 董事会
v. get on or into ( a ship, a train, an aircraft, a bus etc)（上船,车,飞机等） 词组 a notice board 布告牌 on board 在船上 boarding school 寄宿学校
boast vi./vt./n talk( about one‘s own achievements, abilities, etc) with too much pride and
satisfaction自吹自擂，吹嘘
词组 boast of/ about = brag about 自夸，夸耀 辨析 boast brag boast 夸口，吹嘘（意味较brag弱） brag 是―大言不惭地自夸‖，带有使人讨厌的含义 boil vi./vt. (of a liquid ) bubble up and change to vapour by being heated 煮，煮沸；沸腾词组 boiling water 沸水 boiled water 开水（指烧过的水） boil over 沸溢；激动，发怒
book n. number of printed or written sheets of paper bound together in a cover书；本子 vt. reserve( a place, accommodation, etc) ; buy ( a ticket, etc) in advance
预定（票，座位，房间等）
词组 booking office 售票处 book in 为…预定；为…办理登记手续 bore vt. make (sb) feel tired and uninterested by being dull or tedious 令人厌烦 词组 be bored with = 对…厌倦了 be tired of =. be fed up with
展开 boring adj. 令人厌烦的，乏味的，无聊的
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borrow 辨析
bother vt. cause trouble or annoyance to sb 打扰，麻烦；使不安，使紧张 vi. 尽力，烦心；担心，烦恼 n. trouble; inconvenience 烦恼，焦急；令人烦恼的人（或事物） 例句 I‘m sorry to have bothered you. 抱歉打扰你了。 He has no time to bother with trifles. 他没时间为小事操心。 She never bothered about clothes. 穿衣上她从不费心。 We found the address without any bother. 我们不费劲就找到了这一地址。 His lazy son is really a bother to him. 他那个懒儿子真令他伤脑筋。
bottom n. lowest part or point of sth 底部 词组 at the bottom of 在…底部 from the bottom of one‘s heart 衷心地 from top to bottom 彻头彻尾 stand on one‘s bottom 自立 bottoms up! 干杯！
brain n. organ of the body that controls thought, memory and feeling, consisting of a mass of
soft grey matter inside the head 脑；（复数）智力
词组 have a clever brain 头脑好使 beat one‘s brains 绞尽脑汁 coin one‘s brains 动脑筋挣钱 brain trust 智囊团
break vt. (of a whole object )separate into two or more parts as a result of force or strain
打破；使破裂；损坏
vi. 破裂 n. a rest during the working day or at school 休息时间，暂停 词组 break the egg 打鸡蛋 break the law 触犯法律 break the record 打破记录 break our journey 终止旅行
break away from 挣脱，逃离；与（团体，组织，某种思想
等）脱离，摆脱
break down （因机械，电力等故障）失灵；（计划，
谈判等）失败；（健康，精神）垮掉
v. receive or obtain (sth) temporarily (from sb/ sth) with the promise or intention of
returning it 借 borrow lend
borrow意为―借入，借进‖，用于借钱借物等。不接双宾语。
用做：borrow sth. from sb.
lend 意为―借，‖表示把某物借给他人。它可接双宾语，也可与介词to 连用 用做：lend sb. sth = lend sth to sb.
这两个词都为瞬间动词，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
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Unit Three
assume 词组
assure 词组 辨析 .
vt. accept (sth) as true before there is proof 假定，假设；承担，担任 assume a statement to be true 假定一种说法是正确 assume responsibility 承担责任 assuming that… 假定… assumption n. 假定，臆断；担任，承担
vt tell (sb) positively or confidently 使（某人）相信 assure sb. of sth. 使某人确信… assure sb. that… 向某人保证… assure ensure insure guarantee
assure 强调―向…保证‖，―使…确信‖，后接人做宾语，否则用被动
ensure 与insure一般可以通用，但习惯用ensure表示―保证‖，句型为： ensure sb. sth 向某人保证… ensure sth. 保证…
ensure that…=make sure that…=be sure that…=see to it that
insure 强调―保险‖，名词为 insurance
guarantee 指对事物的品质或人的行为―提出担保‖ 辨析:
He assured me that he would help me. 他向我保证他会帮我。
This new treaty will ensure peace between the nations.
这项新条约一定会保证各国之间的和平相处。
Insurance companies will insure ships and their cargoes against loss at sea. 保险公司将给船和货物保海损险。 The watch is guaranteed for two years. 这只表保用两年。 展开 assurance n. 保证 at prep. 在…… 词组 at a distance 在一定距离 at a loss 不知所措 at a time 一次 at one time 曾经 at all costs = at any cost 不惜一切代价 at any rate 不管怎样 at best 在最顺利条件下，说得再好也只是 at ease （口令）稍息 at first sight 一见面，第一眼
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attach
at hand at heart at home at last at least at leisure at length at (the) most at once at one‘s fingertips at one‘s service at one‘s wits‘ end at present at random at sea at sixes and sevens at the end of at the corner of at the airport at the weekend at a quarter to five aim at shout at fire at smile at laugh at glare at stare at throw at wave at at half price at the speed of be good at/ be clever at/ be skilled at at the risk of at the same time at the top of one‘s voice at the start at times at will at work
不远，快到，在身边 在内心里
在家；随便，无拘束；对…很熟练 （经过一段等待或曲折）最后，终于 至少
有空闲，没事；从容地，慢慢地 最后；详细地，充分地 至多
立刻，马上 非常熟悉，精通
听候吩咐，为…服务；供使用 没主意了，计穷 目前，现在 随机地，胡乱地 茫然，不知所措 乱七八糟，意见分歧 在…末端 在角落 在机场 在周末 在四点三刻 旨在 冲…喊叫 朝…开火 朝…微笑 嘲笑 怒视 盯着…看 朝…扔东西 朝…挥手 半价
以…的速度 擅长于，精于 冒…的危险 同时 高声地
从一开始，开始时 有时候，间或 任意地，随意地 干活，起作用
vt. fasten or join sth (to) sth 系，帖，连接；
join sb/sth as a (sometimes unwelcome or uninvited) companion or member
使附属；使依恋，使喜爱；
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词组
attempt v. /n make an effort to accomplish (sth); try to do (sth) 企图，试图，试图做 词组 attempt to do sth.= 试图做某事 make an attempt to do sth. attempt sth a vain attempt 妄想
attend v. go regularly to (a place); be present at 出席，参加 词组 attend to 照顾；处理，办理；专心于，致力于 pay attention to 注意 draw one‘s attention 吸引注意 stand at attention 立正站着 展开 attention n. 注意，注意力
attentive adj. 注意的，关心别人的 attentively adv. 注意地，专注地
attitude n. way of thinking or behaving 态度，看法，姿态 词组 attitude to / towards 对...的态度
attract vt. pull (sth) towards itself / oneself by unseen force 吸引，引起 词组 attract one‘s attention 引起某人的注意 tourist attractions 旅游胜地 展开 attraction n. 具有吸引力的事物
attractive adj. 吸引人的，招人喜爱的
attribute vt regard sth as belonging to, caused by or produced by sb/ sth .
把...归因于，把（过错，责任等）归于
n. quality regarded as a natural or typical part of sb/ sth 属性，特性 词组 attribute… to=owe… to 把...归功于；把...归因于
audience n. group of people who have gathered together to hear or watch sb/ sth 听众，观众 词组 a large /small audience 众多观众，观众少
例句 There was a large audience in the hall. The audience are lost in the music. 大厅里观众很多,他们都投入在音乐声中.
available adj. (of things) that can be used or obtained 可以得到的，可以使用的；有效的；
(of people) free to be seen, talked to, etc （指人）可以找，可以用
词组 (sth. ) be available to (sb.) （某人）可获得，（某人）可得到 with sth. available 有...可用
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attribute sth to sth 认为有（重要性，责任等）
attach oneself to （尤指短期地）使参加，使属于 attach to 使附属；系，连接 attach importance/ significance to 重视，认为…重要 be/ become attached to 喜欢，…依恋
例句 There was no hotel available to us for the night. 我们找不到旅馆过夜。 This ticket is available in all parks. 这张票各公园通用。 If I am not available, you can ask him for help. 如果找不到我，可让他帮忙。
average adj. standard or level regarded as usual 中等的；平常的；平均的 词组 average height and weight 中等身材 average number 平均数 average student with average intellect 智力平常的普通学生 above the average 在一般水平以上 on average 平均，通常
avoid vt. keep oneself away from (sb/sth) 避免 词组 avoid sb.‘s company 避免和某人来往 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
await vt. (of a person) wait for (sb./sth )等待 = wait for
awake adj. (awoke, awoke 或awoken) not asleep 醒着的 vt. (cause a person or an animal) to stop sleeping 唤醒，叫醒
vi. 醒，觉醒，意识到 awake or asleep 醒着还是睡着 I shall awake my son. 叫醒我的儿子。 I awoke from a deep sleep. 从沉睡中醒来。
辨析 awake awaken wake waken 1.这四个词中，wake最为常用，也只有wake 可与up连用，等于 awake 2.表示―醒来‖，最好用wake (up ),或 awake, 不要用waken或awaken
3.在被动态中，―被唤醒‖一般用wakened 或awakened. He was awakened /wakened by the noise. 他被噪音惊醒。
4．比喻说法中的―觉醒‖，―被唤起‖多用 awake (vi) 和awaken(vt) The national spirit awoke 民族精神觉醒了。
award vt. make an official decision to give sth to sb as a prize, as payment or as a punishment
授予，颁发 （后常接奖金，奖章之类的名词）
n. thing or amount awarded 奖，奖品；奖状 词组 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 授予某人...奖 a literature award 文学奖 an Oscar Award 奥斯卡奖 辨析 award reward reward 强调―报答，酬谢‖ reward sb. with sth. for sth. 因某事而酬谢某人 A reward will be paid to whoever gives useful information.
任何提供信息的人都会被给予报酬。
He was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics for his great discovery. 因为他在物理方面的伟大发现，他被授予诺贝尔物理奖。
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aware adj. having knowledge or realization of sb/ sth 意识到 词组 be aware of 知道，明白；觉察到，意识到
展开 awareness n. 意识，觉悟
away adv. 向远处，离开；向另一方向，向一边 词组 right away 立刻，马上 put away 收拾好，保存 away from 离 give away 背弃，使泄露；
或指婚礼中父亲把女儿交给新郎
get away from 摆脱，逃避 do away with 消灭，取消，废除
back n. part of the surface of an object that is furthest from the front 背部；背面，反面 adj. situated behind 后面的 adv. towards or at the rear 向后 v. move backwards 支持；后退 词组 back and forth 来回地 lie on one‘s back 仰卧 at the back of = in the back of 在…后面 back to back 背靠背 back out 退出,撒手 back up (使)倒退 back down 放弃,后退 hold back 踌躇不前；控制住 keep back 保留（未讲）；忍住眼泪 look back 回顾，回想起 trace back to / date back to 追溯到
badly adv. very much; to a great extent 严重到；非常地 例句 I need your help badly. 我非常需要你的帮助。 The car is badly in need of repair. 这辆车急需修理。 He is badly ill. 他病得很重。 badly off 贫困的，境况不好的，反义词：well off
balance n. steadiness; even distribution of weight 平衡，均衡 vt. keep or put (sth) in a state of balance 使平衡，使均衡 词组 the balance of nature 生态平衡 balanced meal 膳食平衡 keep balance 保持平衡 lose one‘s balance 失衡
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band
n. group of people playing, especially wind instruments 乐队；organized group of people doing sth together with a common purpose 群，伙；thin flat strip 带，带状物； range of wavelengths within specified limits 波段，频带
词组 a band of robbers 一群强盗 rubber bands 橡皮筋 a three-band radio 三波段收音机
bar n. room in a hotel, public house, etc, in which such drinks are served 酒吧；
(a) piece of solid material n.. 条，块； narrow piece of wood or metal placed (often parallel to others in a grid) as an obstacle in a doorway, window, etc, or to act as a grate in a fire, furnace, etc （门，窗等的）闩，栅栏
vt. fasten ( a door, gate, etc ) with a bar 闩（门，窗等），在…设栅栏 词组 snack bar 快餐厅，小吃店 parallel bar 双杠 a bar of soup/ chocolate/ gold/ iron 一条肥皂，巧克力，金条，铁条 a barred window 带栅栏的窗 behind bars 在监狱中
bare adj. without clothing 赤裸的；无遮盖的 vt. uncover sth, reveal 暴露，露出 词组 in bare feet 赤脚 a bare hill 一座光秃的小山 earn a bare living 仅能糊口 a room bare of furniture 无家具的房间 a bare possibility 绝无仅有的可能性 辨析 bare naked naked 指人时常表示全裸，用于物时指缺少必需的遮盖 bare 指人时指一部分裸露，用于物指没有遮盖 Naked babies are playing on the floor. 孩子们光着身子在地板上玩。 I saw the boy running with bare feet. 我看到那个孩子光着脚跑。 展开 barely adv. 仅仅，几乎不 barely had… when = hardly had… when 一…就
bargain n. agreement in which both or all sides promise to do sth for each other （买卖等双方
的）协议，交易；thing bought or sold for less than its usual price 便宜货 vi. discuss (with sb) prices, terms of trade, etc with the aim of buying or selling
goods, or changing conditions, on terms that are favourable to oneself 讨价还价
结构 A bargain is a bargain 协议总是协议。 It‘s a bargain 这是便宜货。 make a bargain with sb. about sth. 与…讨价还价 bargain for/ on 企图廉价获取 base place at which armed forces, expeditions, etc have their stores n.基础，基地 use sth as grounds, evidence, etc for sth else vt. 依…为根据
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词组 a missile base 导弹基地 base……on/upon… 把…建立在…基础上 basic necessities of life 生活的基本需求 展开 basic adj. 基本的
basis n. main principle that underlies sth.; foundation 基础，根据，前提 词组 on the basis of 根据，以…为基础 辨析 base basis foundation base 指具体的―基地‖，特别是军事或工业方面的基地； basis指―根据‖，―基础‖，多用于比喻义；
foundation 与basis大体同义，但更具体，通常指建筑物的地基，也可引申为―根据‖
讲。
The farmers form the basis of a nation. 农民乃国家之本。 The city will become an important industrial base of our country. 这个城市将成为我国一个重要的工业基地。 The report had no foundation / basis. 该报道没有根据。
beach n. stretch of sand or pebbles along the edge of the sea or a lake 海滨，海滩 词组 the open beach 空旷的海滩 on the beach 在海滩上 辨析 beach bank coast shore
beach 意为―海（河，湖）滩，指受潮水冲刷而形成的有细纱或卵石覆盖的平缓的
斜坡
bank 意为―河岸，堤岸‖，指河流两旁高出水面的地方
coast 意为―海岸，海岸线‖，是地理名词，指海洋和陆地的分界线，有清晰的边界
概念，不能指河岸或湖岸
shore 意为―岸，滨‖，含义较广，可指围绕海洋，河流及湖泊旁边的陆地，含有与
水相对的意味。
My hometown is on the bank of the Yellow River.我的家乡在黄河沿岸。 lie on the beach 躺在沙滩上 coast cities 沿海城市 coast line 海岸线 make for the seashore 靠岸 bear vt. (bore, borne/ born)
endure (sth); tolerate; stand忍受，忍耐；
take (responsibility, etc)on oneself; shoulder 负担，承担； support sb/ sth; sustain 承受，支承；
show(sth); carry visibly; display 带有，怀有；写（或刻，印）有 give birth to 结（果实），生孩子；
词组 bear hardships 忍受困苦 bear doing/ can‘t bear to do 忍受做某事/难以忍受… bear the cost/ responsibility 承担费用/责任 bear the weight 支撑重量
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beat
bear a baby bear fruit bear scars/ signature/ date bear/ keep sth. in mind bear in mind that be born in be born for business be born into a poor family be born of Jewish parents be born with musical talent a born cook
怀着孩子 结果
有伤疤（签名）（日期） 牢记 牢记 出生于
生来做生意的 出生贫寒 犹太出生
天生有音乐天赋 天生的厨师
n. stroke (e.g. on a drum) or regular sequence of strokes; sound of this
(音乐的）拍子；节拍
vt. defeat sb; win against sb 打；打败 vi. (of the heart) expand and contract rhythmical (心脏等的)跳动 词组 beat sb. black and blue 打得某人浑身青紫 the city beat 城市节拍 the beat of the drum 击鼓声 beat down （太阳等）强烈地照射下来；打倒，平息 辨析 beat win
beat 是―击败，打败‖之意，指在战斗，竞赛等方面彻底战胜对方。做此解时，它
是及物动词，宾语一般是人，对手和军队等。
win是―赢得，获胜‖之意，指在战斗，竞赛等方面打败对方后取得胜利。它可做及
物动词也可做不及物动词，宾语是比赛，战役，胜利等。如果是win sb. over,意思是―把…争取过来‖。
win a war 赢得战争 win the victory 赢得胜利 beat the opponent 击败对手 beat their team 击败他们队 辨析 beat hit strike
beat 指―连续不停地打击‖。它可指太阳，风，雨的―射，吹，打‖，心和脉搏的―跳动；
hit 指重重地打击，侧重―打中‖。它还可表示―撞击‖，及―达到（某水平）‖等；strike 用途最广。钟打点，只能用strike。它还常用于比喻意义，如―给…以深刻 印象‖―灾难袭击‖―突然想到‖等。
The rain was beating against the window. 雨拍打着窗。 His head hit against the wall. 他的头撞到了墙。 The number once hit 8 million. 数字一度曾达8百万。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁 It struck me that… 我突然想到 When evening came, we were struck by a snowstorm.
夜晚降临的时候，我们遭遇了暴风雨。
The beauty of the lake struck everybody present. 湖的美丽打动了在场的每一位。
because conj. for the reason that 因为
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词组 辨析
bed n. thing to rest or sleep on 床 词组 go to bed 上床睡觉 lie in bed 躺在床上 make the bed(s) 铺床 put/ see sb. to bed 安顿（打发）…睡觉 take to one‘s bed 生病卧床
before prep./ adv./ conj. earlier than (sb/sth) 在…之前，从前 结构 It won‘t/wasn‘t be long before… 不久…就 It will be/was long before… 很久…才 It will be two months before I graduate. 过两个月我就毕业了。 It was long before he realized what had happened.
过了好一会，他才弄明白发生了什么。
辨析 before long long before before long ―不久以后‖，是一个副词词组。 long before ―很久以前‖，既是副词词组，又是连词词组。
I hope to see you before long. 希望不久之后能见到你。 He said he had seen a tiger long before. 他说他很久以前见过老虎。 I heard about him long before I saw him. 我在没见他之前，就听说过他了。
beg v. ask for (money, food, clothes, etc) as a gift or as charity; make a living in this way
乞求，恳求
词组 beg sb. to do sth. 乞求某人做某事 beg your pardon. 能重复一遍吗？ beg for help 恳求帮助 展开 beggar n. 乞丐
begin v. start 开始 词组 begin with 由…开始 to begin with 首先，第一 at the beginning of 起初，在开始的时候 from beginning to end 从头至尾 展开 beginning n. 开始，开端
behave v. act or conduct oneself in the specified way 举止，表现
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because of 由于，因为 because since as for
because ―因为‖，一般放在主句后，表示直接的原因和理由。
since ―既然‖，是一种―附带原因‖，表示事物关系上的自然结果，往往放在句首，
相当于now that。
as―由于‖，比上两个更弱，多用在日常谈话中。
for―因为‖，表示的是附加的理由，推断的理由，只能放在主句后。 The oil must be out, for the light went out. 油一定没了，因为灯灭了。
词组 behave badly 举止，表现很差 behave oneself 举止，表现乖巧 behave well 表现好 be on one‘s good behavior 循规蹈矩 展开 behavior n. 行为
behind prep./ adv. in or to a position at the back of (sb/sth) 在…后面；在后，向后 词组 behind the time 落后 fall/ lag behind 落在后面 leave behind 留下，挪下，忘了带 stay behind 留下（不跟着去，不走）
being n. living creature 人，生物 词组 human being 人类 come into being 出现，形成 bring sth. into being 使出现，使存在 for the time being 暂时地
believe v. feel sure of the truth of (sth) 相信，认为 词组 believe in 信仰，信任
believe it or not 信不信由你
辨析 believe believe in
believe 做―相信‖解，指相信某人的话，或相信某事是真的。后面接名词或从句，也可接不定式或形容词作为宾补结构。
believe in ―信赖，信任‖，指信任某人的品质，或信仰某种主义，真理，宗教等，后面只能接名词或代词。
展开 belief n. 相信，信念，信仰
believable adj. 可以相信的
benefit n. profit; gain; 益处，好处；救济金 vt. do good to sb/ sth 有益于 词组 be beneficial to 对…有益 for the benefit/ sake of 为了…的好处 be of benefit to 对…有好处 benefit from 从…受益 I traveled for the benefit of my health. 我为了使身体健康而旅行。 This company benefited from her ingenuity.= 公司受益于她的独到之处。 Her ingenuity benefited this company. 展开 beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的
besides adv./ prep. in addition to (sb/ sth ) 而且，此外（还）；除…之外（还） 辨析 besides except except for except that besides 指―除…之外（还）‖ except 指―除…之外‖，用来表示同类人或物之间的关系，指从总体中排除一部分
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cause and effect 因果关系 辨析 cause reason cause指造成一种事实或现象的―原因‖，尤指自然原因或客观原因。 reason指说明一种看法或行为的―理由‖，它往往是通过逻辑推理而得出的。 Give me your reasons for refusing to go there.告诉你拒绝去的理由。 Heat is the cause of the expansion of matter. 热是物体膨胀的原因。
cease v. / n. stop 停止 辨析 pause cease stop pause指行进间的暂停，间歇。
cease正式用语，指某种状态逐渐或突然终止，含不复存在之意。其后可接to do与doing形式，但其意义相同。
stop普通用语，指突然停止或使不动，接不定式表示停下来去做某事，接动名词表示停止正在做的事。
The old man paused to look around himself.老人停下来环顾了一下四周。 He ceased breathing.. 他停止了呼吸。 He stopped to see the traffic light. 他停下来看看红绿灯。
ceremony n. formal act or series of formal acts performed on a religious or public occasion
典礼；礼节，礼仪
结构 the opening ceremony 开幕式 the graduation ceremony 毕业典礼 Don‘t stand on ceremony. 不必拘礼
certain adj. specific but not named or stated 某；sure beyond doubt 确实的，肯定的 词组 be certain to do sth. = be sure to do sth. 肯定… be certain of = be sure of/ about 对…确信，有把握 a certain = some 某个（后接单数名词） It‘s certain that … 肯定会… for certain = for sure 确信地，确定地 with certainty 确信地 展开 certainly adv. 当然
certainty n. 当然
certificate n. official written or printed statement that may be used as proof or evidence of
certain facts 证书；执照
辨析 certificate diploma license
diploma常指经过一段时间的学习和培训而得到的官方学历证明，表示―文凭，毕业
证书‖
certificate指证明某人某种事实的证件，证书。 license 指执照，许可证。 a birth certificate 出生证 a marriage certificate 结婚证 a health certificate 健康证
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chain
a college diploma a high school diploma a diploma in computer a driving license
大学文凭 中学文凭 电脑文凭 驾驶执照
词组
challenge n. invitation or call( to sb) to take part in a game, contest, fight etc to prove who is
better, stronger, more able, etc )挑战，艰巨的任务
vt. invite sb. To do sth. ; question the truth; 向……挑战；对…质疑 vi. 提出挑战 词组 meet the challenge 迎接挑战 challenge the justice 质疑公正性
chance n. way in which things happen without any cause that can be seen or understood; luck;
fortune 机会；可能性
词组 by chance 偶然，碰巧 by any chance 万一，也许 take a chance 冒险，投机 Chances are that… 很有可能… one has a chance or opportunity to do sth. / of doing sth某人有机会（有可能）做某事 There is a chance/ some possibility that… 很有可能… 辨析 chance possibility
chance指偶然的，意料之外的机会，侧重无法推测的因素。它的后面可接不定式，
介词短语及从句。
opportunity指符合人们希望和愿望的机会，含有利于实现抱负的意思。它的后面可
接不定式与介词短语，但不能接从句。
chance 也可做―可能性‖解，而opportunity不可。 I never miss a chance of playing basketball. I had several opportunities to go abroad; but I gave up all. There is a chance that the sick child will get recovered.
character n. mental or moral qualities that make a person, group, nation, etc different from others
品格；性格；person in a novel, play 角色
辨析 character characteristic nature personality feature
character 表示―性格，品质‖，指人格，品质，操守等，指道德方面的品质，如坚强，
软弱等。它是不可数名词。
characteristic 表示―特色，特征‖，指区别其他人或事物的独特的特征，可用于人，
也可指物及抽象东西。它是可数名词。
nature 表示―本性，天性‖，强调人或物的本质，有不可改变之意。它可做可数或
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n. (length of) connected metal links or rings, used for hauling or supporting weights or for fastening or restraining things 链条series of connected things 一连串，一系列； group of shops or hotels owned by the same company联号，连锁店 a chain of happenings 一连串事件 a fast-food chain 快餐连锁店
不可数名词。
personality 表示―个性，为人‖，是指某个特定人物的特性，侧重指社交方面及人与
人的关系。它既是可数又是不可数名词。
feature 表示―相貌，特征‖，还可做动词用，―为…之特色‖。 He is a man of strong character. 性格坚强的人 character training 性格培养 Windy days are characteristic of March. 多风天气是三月的特点。 Cheerfulness is one of his characteristics. 快活是他的特性之一。 What they had done revealed their real nature. 他们做的揭示他们的真实本性。 The decoration of a room reflects the owner‘s personality. 房间的装饰能反映主人的个性。 a man with handsome features 一个相貌英俊的人 a film that features a new French actress.
一部以一位法国新人女演员为特色的电影
展开 characteristic n. 特色，特征; adj. 特有的
charge n. price asked for goods or service 费用；act of putting amount of electricity put into a
battery 充电；claim that a person has done wrong, esp. a formal claim that he has committed a crime控告
vt. as an amount as a price索价；put a charge into sth.充电；accuse sb. of sth.控告 词组 in charge of 负责，主管 in / under sb.‘s charge = in /under the charge of sb.处于（某人）的管理（照看）之下 take charge of 开始管理，接管 free of charge 免费 charge sb. some money for sth. 向某人为某事收费多少
charge sb. with = accuse sb. of 指控某人犯有（…的罪行或过失）
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Unit Five
cheat 词组
check 词组
choose
vt. /n. act dishonestly or unfairly in order to win an advantage or profit
欺骗，作弊；骗子 cheat sb. out of money 骗某人的钱 cheat in the exam 考试作弊 a complete cheat 一个十足的骗子
v./n. make sure of sth by examining or investigating it 检查，核对 check in （在旅馆，机场等）登记，报到 check out 结帐离去，办妥手续离去 check up (on) 检查，核实 in check 受抑制的，受控制的
v. pick out or select (sb/sth that one prefers on considers the best, most suitable, etc) from a number of alternatives 选择
词组 take your choice 随你选 choose to do 愿意做某事，选择做某事 cannot choose but do 除了…别无选择 辨析 choose select
choose 表示―挑选，选择，选举‖，使用范围最广，指从众多的对象中挑选，这种
挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断，不强调客观标准。它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的，可以是有形的或无形的。它带有最终选定的含义，即表示选定后不再变化。
select表示―挑选，精选‖，语气比choose重，多用于正式场合。它指仔细地，审慎
地精选，强调客观性，而不是主观性。它所挑选的对象可以是有形的或是无形的，但一定是同一种类的。
In the new store, there are several models to choose from. He chose Mary for his wife. You have to choose between life and death. The best machines were selected and sent to the exhibition. He selected a birthday present for his wife. 展开 selections of works (选集)
choice n. 选择，挑选
circle vt. move in a circle, esp. in the air 环绕；圈出 vi. move in a circle 盘旋
n. curved line every point on which is the same distance from the centre圆；环状物；
group of people who are connected by having the same interests, profession,etc. 圈子，阶层
词组 circle the answer 圈出答案
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circle the earth 绕着地球转 circle over the landing-field 在降落场上空盘旋 sit in a circle 围者圈子坐 a large circle of friends 一大群朋友
circumstance n. condition of fact connected with an event or action情况，情形；环境 词组 under the circumstances 在这种情况下，（情况）既然如此 under no circumstances 无论如何不，决不 civil adj. of or relating to the citizens of a country 公民的，国内的，文明的 词组 civil rights 公民权利 civil war 内战 civil society 公众社会 civil aviation 民航 civil life 平民生活 辨析 civil domestic native civil 见上 domestic 指―家务的；国产的，本国的‖ native 指―出生地，本性的，本土的‖
domestic appliances 家用器具 GDP = Gross Domestic Products 国民生产总值 domestic news 国内新闻 native ability 天生的能力 native speakers 说本族语的人
claim vt. demand or request (sth) because it is or one believes it is one‘s right or one‘s property （根据权利）要求；认领；
vi. state or declare (sth) as a fact (without being able to prove it) 声称, 提出要求；主张
n. statement of sth as a fact 要求；认领demand for a sum of money索赔,声称,断言 例句 Don‘t claim to know what you don‘t know. 不要不懂装懂。 A Canadian doctor claimed to have found a cure for SARS.
一个加拿大医生声称已经找到非典的治愈办法。
Has anyone claimed this watch? 有人认领这块手表吗？ a claim for damage 损坏索赔
clear adj. easy to see through; free from obstruction 清楚的，清晰的；畅通无阻的 vt. remove sth. from 清扫，清除 词组 clear away 把…清除掉，收拾 clear off 离开，溜掉 clear out 清除，把…腾空；走开，赶出 clear up 澄清，解决；（天）放晴；清理 辨析 clear clean
做形容词时，clean指不含污物的（反: dirty肮脏的）；clear指干净透明的（反: muddy 浑浊的）。clean water干净的水，clear water 清澈的水。
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