? Michael Jordan is believed to be the best basketball _____. ? It was quite a view when the _____ from all over the world marched onto the sports ground.
? Mr. Smith is a keen _____ and enjoys all kinds of outdoor activities.
Key: 1 player 2. athletes 3. sportsman
11) while brushing his teeth --- while he was brushing his teeth
Here, ―while+doing‖ is the same in meaning as ―while + clause‖: while doing sth= while + clause
Another example of a similar pattern from the text: Before writing anything, I divide my page into two parts.
while conj.— during the time that
Cf.
? during the time that
e.g. Strike while the iron is hot. ? although
e.g. While the grandpa loves the children, he is strict with them ? whereas; and
e.g. Web companies are hot, while most of them are in the red(负债,赤字).
12) get/lay one’s hands on --- get hold of (sth. or sb.), esp. violently; seize把??弄到手
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e.g.
在那些年月里，她读了所有能够到手的书。
In those years, she read everything she could get her hands on.
The hungry boy ate up everything he could get his hands on from the refrigerator. 饥饿的男孩把从冰箱里拿到的所有东西都吃光了。
The woman smashed(smash v. 打碎, 粉碎 n.打碎, 粉碎 adj. 出色的) every plate she could get her hands on in a terrible fight with husband. The book was sold out, and the girl had to go downtown (downtown [‘dauntaun] adv.在市区, 往市区 adj. 市区的) to finally get her hands on a copy.
13) essential: 1.(n) 必需品,要点要素 2（adj）extremely important and
necessary绝对必要的,非常重要的
e.g. people only have time to pack their essentials before the earthquake. Is money essential to happiness?
It‘s essential that you attend all the meetings.
It‘s essential that 句型中从句谓语―（should ）+原形动词‖构成虚拟语气
搭配：essential to/for something 必不可少; in essentials 主要地，主要反面的
同义：necessary, fundamental(a.基础的, 基本的 n.基本原则, 基本原理), basic, primary(a.第一位的, 主要的, 初步的, 初级的, 原来的, 根源的)
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essential 必不可少的，其绝对意味最强，指事物的本质（essence）而言；
essentially 本质地，基本地；essentiality 必要性根本性实质；essentialize 扼要的表达出来；阐述 …. 的基本形式。
14) cut down on—reduce
医生敦促病人减少抽烟和饮酒。 The doctor urged the patient to cut down on smoking and drinking.
15) set v. 放, 置, 移动到, 使(人或事物处于某种状态), 提出, 树立, 规定, 调整,安排,指定 n. 一套, 一副, 一批, 接受机, 装置, 趋势, 布景 a.固定的, 规定的, 坚决的, 固执的, 事先做好的 People used to set their watches by the radio.人们过去常根据收音机对表。 to set the clock调整钟表
The teacher set us a test.老师安排了我们一个测验。
The fastest runner set the pace and the others followed.跑得最快的人确定了步
速,其他人在后面跟着跑。
Cf.
Regulate vt.管理, 控制; 使遵守规章;使有条理, 使整齐;调节(温度、速度等); 调整, 校准 (机器、钟表等); 【化】调节
regulate a clock把钟对准
regulate the temperature of a room调节室内温度 regulate the traffic管理交通
16) write up
write in a complete form写出,写成;to write a report or description of, as
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for publication报导如为公布、出版而写报告或描写;to bring (a journal, for example) up to date 写日志把（如，日志）等补写到最近的日期;to overstate the value of (assets) 对资产高估过高估评（一笔资产）的价值;to report (someone) in writing, as for breaking the law （写传票）告发写传票告发（某人）违反法规： e.g.
write up an essay写出一篇文章
wrote him up for speeding写传票告他超速
Cf. write down
to set down in writing记下来，记录下来;to reduce in rank, value, or price贬低、降价减低级别、贬低价值或价格;to disparage in writing. 写文章贬损;to write in a conspicuously simple or condescending style: 浅显地写以浅显或谦逊的风格写： felt he had to write down to his students. 感觉到他必须写得浅显学生才能看懂 write in
to cast a vote by inserting (a name not listed on a ballot) 写上非候选人,投票给通过插入（候选名单上未列出的名字）来投票;to insert in a text or document加写于正文或文件中;wrote in an apology at the end of the note.在纸条末尾加上一句道歉的话;to communicate with an organization by mail以书信联络,与某个组织以邮件通讯的方式交往 e.g.
write in with a completed entry form写信并附上填好的申请表 write off
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To reduce to zero the book value of (an asset that has become worthless) 折价把（已变得无价值的资产的）帐面价值减低为零;To cancel from accounts as a loss勾销作为亏损,从帐目上勾销;To consider as a loss or failure视为损失或失败 e.g.
wrote off the rainy first day of the vacation.假期第一天就下雨真扫兴 The industrial nations are reluctant to write off the debts
of
the
underdeveloped countries.工业国家不愿意勾销不发达国家/发展中国家的债务. write out
To express or compose in writing写出，作曲以书面表达或创作; To write in full or expanded form完全写出写出全称或完整的形式： e.g.
write out a request写出一项要求 All abbreviations are to be written out. 所有的缩写都要完整地写出来 write (one's) own ticket
To set one's own terms or course of action entirely according to one's own needs or wishes:
自订计划，自行决定,按照某人自己的需求或愿望决定做事、行动的步骤和计划： e.g.
an open-ended and generous scholarship that lets recipients write their own ticket.让受领者自行决定的无限额且大笔的奖学金 write large
Signified, expressed, or embodied in a greater or more prominent magnitude or degree大事渲染;以鲜明的形式表示,用更大或更醒目的
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