When the main clause has a to-infinitive, rather than is usually followed by an infinitive without to. An –ing form is also possible, especially at the beginning of a sentence. e.g.
I‘d like to stay at home this evening rather than go/going out. Rather than using the last of his cash, Tom decided to write a check.
26) Just before the end of lesson bell rings…
Here the phrase ―end of lesson‖ is the attributive of the noun ―bell‖; another way of writing it may be ―end-of-lesson‖.
27) 辨析：economics; econiomic; economical; economy economics : 经济学
economic: of economy; designed to give profit,经济的，经济学的 有时可以与financial 通用 an economic assitance
economical: careful in spending the time, money or resources / not wasteful. 节约的,节省的
e.g. she is economical with the use of salt when cooking.
与economical同义的有frugal(frugal[?fru:g?l] a. 节俭的, 朴素的)(强调简朴的生活e.g He is a frugal man, never wasting a thing)
thrifty(较常用，指节约，反对奢华，避免浪费，而且善于管理节约开支 e.g. be thrifty with the government expenditure) ..
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economy 作形容词时表示―便宜的，廉价的，经济的花钱少的‖e.g. an economy car,经济实惠的汽车economy class经济舱，二等舱；.作名词时表示经济制度，节省，节约；e.g.rural economy, practice economy实行节约 a man of economy一个节简的人
2. Let the students go through the whole text quickly again to try to understand the main idea of the text and grasp the structure of the text. 1) ask one student (or more, if necessary) to tell what the text is mainly about. (do exercises II and III)
2) draw the students‘ attention to the structure of the text (from general advice to specific examples).
3. After finishing explaining the whole text, the teacher may go on to deal with the following aspects the students need to master: 1) sentence structure
Learn to use such words and expressions as thus, so that and while. (do exercise VIII)
2) reading skill I: How to Read a Text
speed-reading: two techniques- skimming & scanning
Speed-reading is a method of reading rapidly by skimming and scanning so it‘s also known as rapid reading.
Reading speed and comprehension are both important in achieve reading efficiency.
Assign the students to finish reading Text B and Text C after class using the skill taught in the unit. The teacher may emphasize that the students must pay attention to their speed while trying to grasp the main idea. 3) structured writing
Ask students to practise presenting their ideas the way the text is
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structured (from general advice to specific examples). (Students do this after class.)
iv) Questions for oral practice ( Post-reading activities):
1) Which of the eight secrets presented in the text do you find the most helpful? Why?
2) Do you have any good ways to help you with your academic performance that are not mentioned by the author? Are you willing to share them with the class?
ii. Study of Text B and Text C
On the basis of the reading before class, use: i) Text B for extensive reading
The teacher guide the students to go through the text quickly with the a/m steps covered.
? Text-related information (1) East Coast
It refers to the region of the US bordering on the Atlantic Ocean.
(2) Pomp and Circumstance
It is a set of five marches(一套五首的进行曲) for symphony orchestra(交响乐团) by Elgar (1857-1934), an English composer(作曲家).
另:march: n.前进; 进军; 行军;进展; 发展;行军的距离; 长途跋涉;进行曲;游行抗议[示威] e.g.
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They reached the camp after a three-day's march.他们经过三天行军后到达了营地。
It was a day's march from the city to the village.从城里到那个村子有一天的路程。
The band played a military march.乐队吹奏军队进行曲。
The book describes the march of civilization from ancient Egyptian times to the present.该书描述了从古埃及时代至现代文化的发展情况。 on the march在行进中；在发展中 Science is on the march.科学正在发展中。 (3) high school graduation
At a high school graduation ceremony in the USA, the students, dressed in ―caps and gowns‖, parade into(列队进入,鱼贯而入) the auditorium while music is played. The color of the tassel(n.穗, 缨 vt.用缨装饰 vi.抽穗) on top of the cap matches the school color. Before officially graduating, the tassel is on the right side of the cap. After speeches from the principal, honored guests, visiting alumni, and so on, the name of each student is read loud. That student comes to the stage, gets his or her diploma and the tassel is moved to the left side to symbolize that the student is now a graduate.
? The language points are to be explained as follows:
(1) are as much a part of me now as they were twenty-one years ago ----are still with me, I can still feel them, just as deeply as I felt them twenty-one years ago.
(2) come of age---become legally an adult成年,满法定年龄 e.g.
You‘ll have the right to vote upon coming of age.
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Now that I have come of age, I can sense that my parents begin to treat me a little differently.
(3) on one‘s own---alone, not with family or friends独自地,独立地,主动地 e.g.
How can you expect me to finish the whole project totally on my own? Leave the kids on their own, and you‘ll see how creative they are.
(4) without someone looking over my shoulder ---without someone (usu. a parent or a guardian) watching my actions carefully没有人监视我 look over sb.‘s shoulder –keep an eye on sb.监视某人 e.g.
As I‘m new here, I don‘t mind having someone looking over my shoulder when I do the job.
Sam didn‘t realize that the police had been looking over his shoulder for a long time.
(5) force sth. on sb.---force sb. to accept sth.把……强加给某人 e.g.
I don‘t want to force my preference on you . Pick up whichever one you like.
You should try to persuade him rather than forcing the decision on him.
(6) happen to ---do or be sth. by chance碰巧…. e.g. I happened to bring my umbrella when it rained. Do you happen to have some coins?
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