上海中学高三周考
II. Grammar (10’)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits eachblank.
A great deal ofattention(1) (pay)todaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide--the (2)
divisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopooratpresent.Andthatdivide doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwas againstthedigitaldivide. There are reasons to beoptimistic.
Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.(3) ommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalize
theInternetbecomesmoreandmorec
access-(visible) then, however, were the new, positive forces that work
afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmore governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on theplanet(4) believe the digital divide willnarrow(5) And that is very good news because the Internet(6) combating world poverty that we've everhad.
Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.
(7) (take)advantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetover stillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymight
well
their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries(8)study the history of infrastructure(the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United Statesbuilt(9) the capital to do so. And thatis(10) industrial infrastructure, itdidn'thave
America's Second Wave infrastructure- including
(net) together. Asa result, I now widen in theyearsahead.
well be the most powerfultoolfor
roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreigninvestment.
III. Vocabulary(10’)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need.
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A. sympathy E. serve I. obligation B. heartfelt F. compliment J. devoted C. valued G. distraction K. affection my
D. terms H. thirsted
I’ma50-somethingmale,thefatheroftwomostlygrowngirls.I’mhappytosaythatboth parents are still kicking. I’m on good 1 with my brothers and sisters most of the time. Iamblessedwithgoodfriendsandotherrelations,andtendtogetonwellwithmyco-workers. I am fortunate in so many ways, but feel like I consistently disappoint everyone Iknow.
I cannot, for the life of me, give a genuine 2 . It simply doesn’t come naturally. When I try, and I do, in order to maintain all the relationships, it feels forced, more a matter of 3 than a gift that might put wind in the sails of someone I truly care for. I feel strongly that giving should spring from joy, or at least from a 4 desire to see the recipient enlivened by it. When I have nothing to offer in response to a job well done, everyone loses. I feel like I’ve twisted the emotional and social development of my children, alienated (疏远) any number of perfectly wonderful lovers, and generally kept the world at arm’s length.
Afteryearsofpsychotherapyandtheobsessive (强迫症) self-examinationcommontomy generation, I believe I know where this meanness of spirit comes from. Six kids in total, at a very tender age, there were five younger, cuter kids standing between me and the object ofour 5 . Mama was driven to 6 , to put it mildly, by the demands placed on her, but it was the 1950s and she set a selfless and hardy example. I had complete 7 for her difficult situation, even at the time. The fact remains, however, that, as a young child, I needed more than I got. I 8 for my mother’s attention. I needed to know that she 9 me as more than her helper, her strong little man. I clearly recall, at the ripe old age of 7, coming to the conclusion that I would never get it. \ithout it\being her love.
Youcanimaginethesiblingrivalryinabigfamily.EventuallyItookhaveninthewrittenword to get away from it. But even before I learned to read, I had realized that giving any sign of approval or encouragement to my brothers and sisters could only 10 to increase the gulf between me and my mom. Does that make sense? I can rationalize otherwise, of course, and now we’re all \big happy family\but the damage is done. I want to be gracious and giving, but when I even think to reach into that purse, however, it’s pretty muchempty.
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IV. Cloze(15’)
Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineach blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext.
A true story of retirement planning is that your future is riding on the quality of your assumptions.
Humble 1 can be dangerous.
Forexample,eightyearsintothisbullmarketexpectingstockstodeliveras-strongreturnsoverthenext decade is an uncertain proposition many are nonetheless 2.
Another potential3 assumption is that you will be able to keep working past 65. Yet the recently released 2017 Retirement Confidence Survey by the nonpartisan Employee Benefit Research Institute finds that more than half of workers say they expect to still be on the clock past age 65. By4, less than 15 percent of today’s retirees kept working that long.
―If you plan on working longer as a way to get by in retirement, you are going to be in trouble,‖ says Craig Copeland, senior research associate at EBRI. ―It should be a complement to a solid savings and spending plan, not the 5.‖
It’s simply too6 to assume you will indeed be able to work longer. A survey by the Transamerica CenterforRetirementStudiesfoundthatnearlytwo-thirdsofretireeslefttheworkforceearlierthanexpected because they were laid off, reorganized out of a position, or due to general unhappiness with a job. Only 16 percentofretireeswho 7theworkforceearlierthantheyexpecteddidsobecausetheyfelttheycould 8 afford to.
9, a new report from Prudential puts a dollar value on why your current employer may not be inclined （倾向于）to do back flips to keep an older you happy and engaged. The estimated one-year cost to a firm when an employee 10 retirement: $50,000.
Prudential estimates that on a company-wide level, delayed retirement can11 overall workforce costs by 1 percent to 1.5 percent. That’s not nothing. And it goes a long way in explaining why employers may be more inclined to focus on ―financial wellness‖ strategies to get workers ready to retire12 than programs to help workers delay retirement.
Fewerthanone-thirdofemployeessurveyedbyTCRSreporttheiremployerhassomesortof―transition‖ program such as flexible work schedules, reduced hours or 13 to a differentrole.
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―Workers’ vision of retirement is changing faster than employers’ business14,‖ said Catherine Collinson, president of TCRS. That makes it ever more crucial for pre-retirees to take the steps today that will increase that 15 they can continue to work longer, if that’s part of the plan.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
A. pessimism A. relying on A. reliable A. contrary A. foundation A. ridiculous A. extended
B. optimism B. casting on B. possible B. compromise B. basement B. sensible B. exited
C. concern C. accounting on C. flawed C. compliment C. founding C. risky C. existed C. financially C. Nevertheless C. gets C. increase C. faster C. ranging C. customs C. chances
D. consideration D. falling on D. unlikely D. contrast D. construction D. logical D. remained D. physically D. Moreover D. decides D. transform D. slower D. functioning D. operations D. outputs
A. economically B. mentally A. However A. delays A. decrease A. later A. shifting A. deals A. abilities
B. Therefore B. expects B. influence B. sooner B. altering B. practices B. capabilities
V. Reading Comprehension SectionA
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
The Paris climate agreement finalized in December last year heralded(预示着…的到来) a new era for climate action. For the first time, the world’s nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃.
This is vital for climate-vulnerable nations. Fewer than 4% of countries are responsible for more than
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half of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports, we reveal just how deep this injustice runs.
Developed nations such as Australia, the United States, Canada, and European countries are essentially climate ―free-riders‖: causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions, while incurring(招致) few of the costs such as climate change’s impact on food and water. In
other words, a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels, while at the same time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change.
On the flip side, there are many ― forced riders‖, who are suffering from the climate change impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem. Many of the world’s most climate- vulnerable countries, the majority of which are African or small island states, produce a very small quantity of emissions. This is much like a non-smoker getting cancer from second-hand smoke, while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health.
The Paris agreement has been widely hailed as a positive step forward in addressing climate change for all, although the details on addressing ―climate justice‖ can be best described as sketchy.
The goal of keeping global temperature rise ―well below‖ 2 degree is commendable(值得称赞的) but
the emissions- reduction pledges submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver on this.
More than $100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developing nations to reduce emissions. However, the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions, effectively ignoring historical emissions. There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or, importantly, who is responsible for their provision. Securing these funds, and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.
The most climate-vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating the global disease from which they now suffer the most. There must urgently be a meaningful mobilization(组织，动员) of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change.
And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high-emitting nations to decide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants or pioneers.
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