机械设计课程设计 计算说明书
设计题目：圆锥-圆柱齿轮减速器
热能与动力工程 专业 班 设计者： 指导教师：
2011年12月30日
（哈尔滨工程大学）
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目录
1 设计任务书 ···························································································································································· 3
1.1设计课题 ····················································································································································· 3
1.2 已知数据····················································································································································· 3 1.3 工作条件····················································································································································· 3 1.4 生产批量····················································································································································· 3 1.5 要求完成的工作量 ····································································································································· 3 2 电动机的选择和传动系统参数的选择和计算 ······································································································· 4
2.1 电动机类型和结构的选择 ·························································································································· 4 2.2 电动机功率的选择 ····································································································································· 4 2.3 电动机转速的确定 ····································································································································· 4 2.4 计算传动装置的总传动比，并分配传动比 ······························································································· 5 2.5 计算传动装置各轴的运动和动力参数 ······································································································· 5 3 传动零件的设计计算 ············································································································································· 6
3.1 高速级圆锥齿轮传动的设计与校核 ··········································································································· 6 3.2 低速级圆柱斜齿轮传动的设计与校核 ······································································································· 9 4 轴的设计计算 ······················································································································································ 12
4.1 电动机的安装尺寸 ··································································································································· 12 4.2 初定轴的最小直径 ··································································································································· 12 4.3 选择联轴器 ··············································································································································· 12 4.4 低速轴的设计 ··········································································································································· 13 4.5 低速轴强度校核 ······································································································································· 13 5 键连接的选择计算 ··············································································································································· 16
5.1 低速轴键的选择 ······································································································································· 16 5.2 低速轴键的校核 ······································································································································· 16 6 滚动轴承的类型、代号及寿命计算 ···················································································································· 17
6.1 低速轴轴承的选择 ··································································································································· 17 6.2 轴承的寿命计算 ······································································································································· 17 9 箱体设计 ······························································································································································ 18 10 润滑密封的选择 ················································································································································· 20 11 设计小结 ···························································································································································· 21 12 参考资料 ···························································································································································· 21
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1 设计任务书
1.1设计课题
设计一用于带动螺旋输送机的两级圆锥圆柱齿轮减速器。
1.2 已知数据
螺旋轴转矩 250N?m 螺旋轴转速70r/min
1.3 工作条件
三班制工作运送聚乙烯树脂材料，每班工作8小时，常温下连续、单向运转，载荷平稳，使用5年；螺旋输送机效率为0.92；室内工作。
1.4 生产批量
小批量生产。
1.5 要求完成的工作量
（1）设计说明书一份。
（2）圆锥-圆柱齿轮减速器A0装配图一张。
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2 电动机的选择和传动系统参数的选择和计算 2.1 电动机类型和结构的选择 选择应用广泛的三相异步交流电动机。Y系列三相笼形异步电动机结构简 单、工作可靠、价格低廉、维护方便，故选用此系列电动机。全封闭自扇冷式结 构，电压380V。 2.2 电动机功率的选择 螺旋输送机所需要的工作功率： Fv2??70?250Pw???1.832kW 10001000Pw?1.832kW 电动机到工作机输送带间的总效率： 联轴器的效率?1?0.99 滚动轴承的效率?2?0.99 8级精度圆锥齿轮传动效率?31?0.94 8级精度圆柱齿轮传动效率?32?0.97 螺旋输送机效率?4?0.92 4????12?2?31?32?4?0.798 电动机所需工作功率： Pd?P1.832W??2.296kW η?0.798Pd?2.296kW 2.3 电动机转速的确定 二级圆锥-圆柱齿轮减速器传动比i???8~15，而工作机螺旋输送机的转速为 nw?70r/min。 所以电动机转速可选范围为： ?nd?i?nw?(8~15)?70?(560~1050)r/min 符合这一范围的同步转速为750r/min、1000r/min两种。综合考虑电动机
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和传动装置尺寸、重量及价格等因素，为使传动装置结构紧凑，决定选用同步转 速为750r/min的电动机。 选定电动机型号为Y132M-8。主要性能参数为： 额定功率Pe?3kW 满载时转速nd?710r/min Y132M-8 Pe?3kW nd?710r/min 2.4 计算传动装置的总传动比，并分配传动比 总传动比： n710i??d??10.143 nw70分配传动比： i??10.143 取i??0.25i??2.5357，为保证大圆锥齿轮尺寸不致过大，便于加工，有 i??3，符合条件。 2.5 计算传动装置各轴的运动和动力参数 各轴的转速： ?轴n??nd?710(r/min)??轴n???n?710??280(r/min)i?2.5357 n280???轴n????????70(r/min)i??4输送机轴n输?n???70(r/min) 各轴输入功率： ?轴P1?Pd???2.296?0.99?2.273(kW)??轴P???P??2?31?2.273?0.99?0.94?2.115(kW)???轴P????P???2?32?2.115?0.99?0.97?2.031(kW)输送机P输=P????2?1?2.031?0.99?0.99?1.990(kW)各轴的输入转矩： 电动机轴的输入转矩为 P2.296Td?9.55?10d?9.55?106??30882.8N?m nd7106故：
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