2009年高考英语阅读理解专项训练——教育类
(1)
Doreen Sykora is now a junior at McGill University. She had a difficult time when she first began college. She said, “I was always well prepared for my examinations. But when I go into class to take the exam, I would fall apart. I could just blank out because of nervousness and fear.” Hitoshi Sakamoto, an anthropology(人类学) student at Temple University in Tokyo reports similar experiences. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is stressed(加压力于) about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the severe tension and nervousness.
Now there are special university courses to help students. In these courses, advisors and psychologists try to help students by teaching them to manage test anxiety. Such a course helps students learn to live with stress and not fail because of it. First students take a practice test to measure their worry level. If the tests show that their stress level is high, the students can take a short course to manage the fear. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. They get training to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work more easily. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.
Doreen Sykora saw immediate results after taking such a course. She now has enthusiasm about the relaxation methods. “Mostly, what I do is imagine myself in a very calm place. Then I imagine myself picking up a pencil. I move slowly and carefully. I breathe easily and let all the tension out. With each breath, more worry leaves me. It really works too. My grades have improved greatly! I’m really doing well at McGill now. This relaxation method works not only on examinations, but it has improved the rest of my life as well.”
For Hitoshi in Tokyo, the results were much the same. He is enjoying school a lot more and
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learning more. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
1. What is the similarity between Doreen Sykora and Hitoshi Sakamoto? A. They are students from the same university. B. They failed in all the examinations. C. They both had experiences of test anxiety. D. They both had the same poor studying habits.
2. The phrase “blank out” in Paragraph 1 refers to “_______.” A. lose interest in the exam B. refuse to take the exam C. get an extra paper
D. be unable to think clearly
3. What’s the purpose of some special university student-help courses? A. To help students to reduce test anxiety. B. To show a stress level experienced by students. C. To learn more knowledge about test anxiety. D. To have a better understanding of test anxiety.
【答案解析】
有些大学生患有考试焦虑症，不过现在好了，这些大学开设了特殊的课程来帮助他们缓解这种考试焦虑症。
1. C。语义理解题。从第 1 段最后一句话Hitoshi Sakamoto, an anthropology (人类学) student at Temple University in Tokyo reports similar experiences 可以明显看出 Doreen Sykora 和 Hitoshi Sakamoto 都患有考试焦虑症。
2. D。词义猜测题。Doreen Sykora 因考试时过度紧张和害怕，那当然是思维不清晰。 3. A。语义理解题。从文章第 3 段第 2 句话 In these courses, advisors and psychologists try to help students by teaching them to manage test anxiety 可以看出大学开设这门特殊课程的目的。
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w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
(2)
The average person learns most of the 30 000～40 000 words whose meanings he or she recognizes by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context or simply absorbing them without conscious(意识到的) effort. The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good talks. There are relatively few words that we learn permanently(永久的)by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists. However, even those extra few are of value, and no one will make a mistake by working on developing a larger vocabulary. Here are some suggestions of how to do it.
Read plenty of good books. When you come across a new word, or a new meaning of an old word, stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you can't, and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much, look it up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times. If you are really conscientious(认真的), write the word and its meaning in a personal vocabulary list — preferably using it in a sentence, or you can keep a special vocabulary notebook. Go over the list from time to time. Further, try to use a new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days.
Listen to good talks and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words you already know. Then treat them just as you treat the new words you read.
Learn and be alert to the parts of words: prefixes, suffixes and roots. Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meaning of words.
If you are studying a foreign language, be alert to words in that language which relate to words in English. English has inherited(继承) or borrowed much of its vocabulary of 500 000～600 000 words from Latin, Greek, French, Spanish and German.
1. When you meet a new word in reading, what should you do? A. Guess its meaning.
B. Ask somebody.
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C. Look it up in a dictionary. D. All of the above.
2. According to this passage, the best way to build a good vocabulary is _______. A. to remember a lot
B. to read a great deal
D. both B and C
C. to take part in a lot of good talks
3. The phrase “be alert to” in the third paragraph may best be replaced by “_______”. A. look at C. write down
B. pay attention to D. learn by heart
4. In the fourth paragraph, the word “them” refers to _______. A. the parts of words C. suffixes
【答案解析】
怎样扩大词汇？捷径是：多读、多说、多听、多写。 1. D。细节题。从第 2 段第2、3句话可知答案为 D。
2. D。细节题。只要看到第 1 段第 2 句话The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good talks 可知答案为 D。
3. B。词义猜测题。此处讲的是在“听”英语时如何对待生词的问题，根据我们“听”的经验选项A、C、D 显然可排除。
4. A。词义猜测题。B、C、D三项都是属于the parts of words。
(3)
Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page. (You may read the questions first.)
jaguar: n. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the U. S. and in Central and South America.
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B. prefixes D. roots
jargon: 1. n. speech that doesn’t make sense. 2. n. an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3. n. a language made up of two or more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4. n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was filled with jargon.
jaunt: 1. n. a trip taken for fun. 2. v. to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday.
javelin: 1. n. a spear most commonly used as weapon or in hunting. 2. n. a lightweight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track-and-field contests. 3. n. the contest in which a javelin is thrown. 4. v. to strike, as with a javelin.
jazz: 1. n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2. n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3. n. slang empty talk. 4. ad. of or like jazz: a jazz band, jazz records.
Jennet: n. a small Spanish horse.
1. Which meaning of the word javelin is used in the sentence below? At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards. A. Definition 1 C. Definition 3
B. Definition 2 D. Definition 4
2. Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below? Doctors often speak in medical jargon. A. Definition 1 C. Definition 3
B. Definition 2 D. Definition 4
3. What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence? Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person. A. rhythmic beats C. a kind of dance
B. a type of music D. meaningless talk
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