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turn in + 宾语 上缴，交出； turn down 将声音调低，调小；拒绝； refuse sb. 指直接的回绝； turn sb. down 则指委婉的拒绝； turn out + 动词不定式 最终证明是，结果是。
57. Many difficulties have _B_ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel. A risen B arisen C raised D arrived
因本句未加宾语，估不应选不及物动词，可排除C项； arrive vi. 到达，抵达； rise vi. 升起，升高（侧重指旗帜或太阳升起）；数量的增高（侧重指水位、价位）； the sun rises in the east and sets in the west 太阳东升西落。 arise vi. 升起，升高，出现，发生（经常与抽象名词联用）。
69. A completely new situation will _B_ when the examination system comes into existence.
A arise B rise C raise D arouse
33. Last year the advertising rate _D_ by 20 percent. A raised B aroused C arose D rose
58. He made such a _D_ contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him.
A genuine B minimum C modest D generous
name after 以…的名字来命名。genuine adj. 真正的，货真价实的； genuine leather 真皮； minimum adj. 最低的，最小的； modest adj. 谦虚谨慎的，适度的； generous adj. 慷慨的，慷慨大方的（修饰贡献等用这个）。
59. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, _D_, of course, made the others jealous. A who B that C what D which
which在这里是引导非限定性定语从句，which引导非限定性定语从句有2个特点： 1. which前面有逗号与其他句子分开。 2. which指的是前面整句话的内容。 as也可以引导非限定性定语从句，指的都是一句话的内容。
which指一句话的内容只能置于该句之后，而as既可以在后也可以在前。 67. _C_ is known to the world, Mark Twain is great American writer. A That B Which C As D It
60. In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly _B_. A gaps B intervals C length D distance
新东方四级词汇 第22页
interval n. 间隔（即可指空间间隔，也可指时间间隔），四级考试中专考时间间隔的概念。 interval是固定与介词at搭配的。
23. Students or teachers can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular _D_. A gaps B rate C length D intervals
at regular rate 以规则的速度； at regular interval 以规则的时间间隔； 61. Mr. Johnson preferred _A_ heavier work to do. A to be given B to be giving C to have given D having given
64. Our company decided to _D_ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.
A destroy B resist C assume D cancel 65. She is _C_ a musician than her brother. A much of B much as C more of D more as be of 具有某种性质、品质或特点；
66. Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _B_ by the judge. A service B sentence C crime D crisis
sentence n. 判决，判刑； crisis n. 危机； economic crisis 经济危机；
68. The residents, _C_ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. A all their homes B all whose homes C all of whose homes D all of their homes 当给出了句子的主语，且后面有两部分谓语动词，这两部分谓语动词之间又没有连接词， 时态也不同时，离主语近的谓语动词应为从句的组合成分。
69. You can't afford to let the situation get worse. You must take _D_ to put it right. A decisions B directions C sides D steps
take steps 采取措施，采取行动； take measures 采取措施； 70. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _B_ your advice. A follow B had followed C would follow D have followed if only 如果，要是...就好了，其后面的句子一定要用虚拟语气。
1. 如果if only后面的句子表示与现在或将来的事实相反，这时谓语动词用一般过去时体现虚拟语气。 2. 如果if only后面的句子表示与过去的事实相反，这时谓语动词用过去完成时体现虚拟语气。 47. If only the committee _D_ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible A approve B will approve C can approve D would approve
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如果if only后面的句子表示与现在或将来的事实相反，这时谓语动词用一般过去时， 也可以用would + 动词原形。
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42. Mark often attempts to escape _C_ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A having been fined B to have been fined C being fined B to be fined escape + 动名词。
44. It is recommended that the project _A_ until all the preparations have been made. A not be started B will not be started C is not started D is not to be started recommend vt. 推荐，建议，后面加句子要用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式：(should) + 动词原形 45. I wish I _D_ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A have slept B slept C might have slept D could have slept
wish 后面的句子要用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用：情态动词 + have + 动词过去分词。 might经常被翻译成或许。
46. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _D_ him. A had telephoned B must have telephoned C would telephone D would have telephoned
otherwise, or等表示“否则”的词，后面句子都要用虚拟语气。
48. While people may refer to television for up-to-minute news [最新的消息], it is unlikely that television _A_ the newspaper completely. A will replace B have replaced C replace D replaced
49. An Olympic Marathon [马拉松] is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately [大约] _B_ from Marathon to Athens [雅典].
A distance B the distance C is the distance D the distance is
50. You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _D_ to suspend your tent. A there B them C where D which
介词 + which + 动词不定式(to do sth.) 整体做定语。
本句可改写为：You will want two tress about ten feet apart, to suspend your tent from. 只要见到有介词出现在空格之前，而选项中有which, them, there, where等词则应选which。 51. As I was just getting familiar with this job, I had _C_ to ask my boss. A many B most C much D more
当many没有修饰任何其他词而单独出现时表示很多人。 much在这里相当于many things。
新东方四级词汇 第24页
52. _A_ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home. A Until B Before C From D Since
until recently 直到最近； not surprisingly 一点也不奇怪。 53. The survival of civilization as we know it is _C_ threat. A within B towards C under D upon under threat 受到威胁。
55. In some countries, _D_ is called \平等] does not really mean equal rights for all people.
A which B one C that D what
that可以引导主语从句，但只做引导词而不充当任何成分。
56. I walked too much yesterday and _A_ are still aching now. A my leg muscles B my muscles of leg C my leg's muscles D my muscles of the leg 英语中一个名词修饰另外一个名词时第一个名词要用单数。 apple trees, eye drops 57. Radio, television and press _B_ of conveying news and information. A are the most three common means B are the three most common means C are the most common three means D are three the most common means
几个词修饰一个名词时修饰词的顺序应为：1. 定冠词the应该放在最前面（离名词最远）的位置； 2. 数词应放在第二位；3. 最后考虑其他形容词。
58. Liquids are like solids _C_ they have a definite volume. A with that B for that C in that D at that
三个与that的搭配的表达形式：now that, in that [因为], except that。
59. When a fire _C_ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.
A broke off B broke down C broke out D broke up break out （火灾、战争）突然发生，爆发；
60. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _D_. [make up for 弥补]
A stand up to B put up with C come up with D make up for
61. Then the speaker _B_ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis. A went after B went into C went for D went on
go after 追求，设法得到； go into 谈论，叙述； go for 袭击/支持； go on 继续。
新东方四级词汇 第25页
62. The students was just about to _C_ the questions, when suddenly he found the answer A arrive at B submit to C give up D work out
63. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of _B_. A hand B reach C hold D place out of reach 够不着； within reach 够得找。 64. The _D_ of blood always makes him feel sick. A form B look C view D sight
form n. 形式，形状； view n. 风景，景色/视野，视域； look 指的是主观有意识的看； sight n. 看见，瞥见（不强调主客观）。
66. Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as _B_ sickness A normal B ordinary C average D regular
sickness of mind 精神病； normal adj. 正常的； average adj. 平均的，中等水平的； regular adj. 有规律的，规则的； ordinary sickness 一般性疾病。
68. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only _C_ to his confusion. A extended B amounted C added [add to 增加] D turned 70. It took him several months to ___ the wild horse. A tend B cultivate C tame D breed
tame vt. 驯服； breed 强调的是繁殖，侧重指大批量的繁殖。 It take sb. sometime to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
第4课
主谓一致：指的就是给出主语，要求判断谓语动词是用单数还是复数的问题。 一、就近原则：
指句子的主语由两部分单词或短语构成时，由离谓语动词近的那部分主语来决定谓语动词的单复数。 只有当以下单词或短语连接主句的两部分时就近原则才适用：
1. or 或者； 2. either … or … 不是…就是… ，…或… ； 3. neither … nor … 既不…也不… ； 4. not only … but also … 不但…而且… ； 5. not … but … 不是…而是… 例如：主语1 or 主语2 谓语动词。 此时由主语2决定谓语动词。 10. _C_ either he or his accountants going to claim for the loss?