which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.
他有着这样的母亲，出生在这样的地方和这样一类人中间。他很清楚，如果这些让她全知道的话，他该多么丢面子！
10) I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.
我就希望能在工作时死去。在弥留之际知道自己已经功德圆满并且自己的未竟之业已后继有人，就可以心满意足地离开人间了。
1) It is not a question how much a man knows, but what use he can make of what he knows; not a question of what he has acquired, and how he has been trained, but of what he is, and what he can do. 问题不在一个人知道多少，而在于他能否运用他的知识；问题不在他学的是什么，受怎样的教育，而在于他的人品以及他的能力。
2) Future does not wait. It becomes present and past with every second that ticks. You have barely time to turn around and already the coming has met the going…what will be is entirely in what has been, and no matter how fast you run, tomorrow is behind you – never ahead.
[译文] 未来是不等人的。随着每秒钟的流逝，未来变成了现实，继而又成了往昔。你几乎来不及转身顾盼，来者就变成了逝者。……未来的一切全都蕴育于现实之中。不论你跑得多快，明天总落在你的身后，绝不会跑到你的前头。
3) Even his critics say the Ames test – his simple, inexpensive laboratory procedure that helps determine whether a substance might cause cancer – is a remarkable achievement.
[译文] 甚至他的批评者们也承认，爱姆兹试验是一项突出的成就。这种试验是在实验室里进行的一种简便、廉价的操作方法，有助于检测出一种物质是否能引起癌症。
4) If we were not too proud to explain ourselves or to ask explanations of others, most of the misunderstandings of life would disappear.
[译文] 只要我们不持傲慢态度，凡事多加解释说明，同时也请求别人进行解释，那么生活中的大部分误会将会消除。
5) The material destruction of the war not so great but that it could by this time have been repaired, had a good peace been made without delay.
[译文] 假如当时立即恢复了和平，战争在物质方面的破坏无论怎样大，到现在也本来能够得到修复了。
6) I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not to know a good deal about love, but I thought it was a matter that only concerned young people. I could not conceive that a man with a beard, who had sons as old as I, could have any feelings of that sort.
[译文] 我阅读过许多小说，在学校也学到了不少东西，所以对于恋爱的事不会不懂，但我想这只是年轻人的玩意。我认为一个于思老翁是不会有那种情感的，因为他的几个儿子都像我这样的年纪了。
7) This is not an easy lesson to learn, especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command, that whatever we desire with the full force of our passionate being can, nay, will, be ours. [译文] 这并不是容易学到手的一课。特别是当我们年轻的时候，这一课尤其难学。因为我们在青春时期年轻气盛，认为世界是由我们掌握的，只要我们满腔热情、全力以赴地去追求，不管什么东西都能够得到——不，就一定会得到。
8) If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of your future.
[译文] 你要是具有广泛的爱好和强烈的兴趣，而且还有能力参加一些活动，你就没有理由去考虑自己已经活了多少岁这样的具体数字，更没有理由去考虑自己的余年大概是很有限的了。 ?原文Why do you teach? My friend asked the question when I told him that I didn’t want to be considered for an administrative position. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a ―step
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up‖ toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.
Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me. Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. Red-eye, because I never fell ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing. Sweaty-palm, because I’m always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am. Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.
Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. Sometimes I am amazed that my students actually take notes on what I say in class! ?[译文]
我告诉一位朋友我不想谋求行政职务时，他向我提出这样一个问题：你为什么要教书呢？美国人受的教育是长大成人后应该去追求金钱和权力，而我却偏偏不朝这个方向―发展‖，这使他大惑不解。
当然，我之所以教书并不是因为做教师轻松。为了谋生，我做过各种各样的工作：机修工、木工、作家，可教书是最难的行业。就我而言，教书是个令人熬红眼睛、手掌出汗、精神沮丧的职业。说它是熬红眼睛的职业，是因为我晚上无论备课到多晚，总觉得准备的不够充分；说它是令人手掌出汗的职业，是因为我进教室前总是紧张不已，认为学生会发现我原来是个笨蛋；说它是令人精神沮丧的职业，是因为我走出教室一小时后，仍觉得这堂课上得比平常还要平淡无味。 我之所以教书，不是因为我认为自己能够解答问题，也不是因为我满腹经纶，非得与他人分享不可。有时，学生竟把我课上讲的东西做了笔记，这令我感到很惊异！
A recent phenomenon in the choice of careers on the part of college graduates is the increasing trend towards big companies. Few are interested in the research fields. This is an unavoidable problem in a materialistic society, where tempting salaries and fringe benefits are offered by big companies to compete with each other to recruit students before they have completed their studies. On the other hand, as many big enterprises and even government departments tend to concentrate on immediate economic results and show comparatively little interest in long range research, there is a steady shift of scientists and researchers from the pure research to the applied field, where there are more jobs available with better salaries. All this has not only seriously influenced young people’s view on the choice of careers, but on education as well. Many college teachers deplore that fewer and fewer students these days acquire knowledge only for its own sake.
最近在高校毕业生择业问题上出现了一种倾向，这就是毕业生越来越青睐大公司，很少有人到研究单位。在崇尚物质的社会里，这是一个不可避免的问题。一方面，学生还没有走出校门，大公司便在竞相聘用他们，向他们提供具有诱惑力的薪水和福利待遇。另一方面，由于许多大企业，甚至包括一些政府部门往往看重直接经济效益，而相对来说，对长期的理论研究不感兴趣。所以研究人员不断地从纯理论研究领域流向实用工业。因为在那里工作就比在研究领域里好找，工资也往往高。这些情况不仅严重影响青年人的择业观，而且还影响教育，许多大学老师哀叹，现在单纯为了学知识而学习的人越来越少了。 第五单元
例1：……烧山芋和热茶的香味，便一下子扑入你的鼻子。抬头看，四周闪着微笑的眼睛，欢迎着，丝毫没有怪你唐突的神情。你刚开口说由哪儿来的时候，一杯很热的浓茶，就递在你的下巴边上。老太婆吩咐她的孙女，快把火拨大些，多添点子柴，说是客人要烘暖他的身子；你暖和了，还不觉得疲倦的话，你可以摸摸小孩子的下巴，拧拧他们的脸蛋，做一点奇怪的样子，给他们嬉笑。 [译文] Immediately your nose is filled with the aroma of hot tea and roast sweet potatoes. When you look around you see friendly faces smiling at you; there is no hint of anything like blame for what elsewhere might be considered as brusqueness. Scarcely have you begun to tell them where you come from when a cup of hot and strong tea is handed over to you. Grandma will tell her granddaughter to make the fire bigger and feed it with more wood because the guest needs more heat to warm up. When ...
you are recovered from coldness and fatigue, you may play with children, stroking them on the chin, giving them gentle pinches on the cheek or making a face to provoke them to gurgle. ?例2：Phoebe Anna was thin and black，a very umbrella of a woman. 安娜是一个又黑又瘦的女人，活像一把细长的雨伞。
?例3：The newspaper quoted the study as saying abortion may be responsible for as much as half the over-all reduction in the U.S. crime rate that occurred from 1991 to 1997.
报纸引述这项研究说道，堕胎也许对于从1991年到1997年间美国的犯罪率的全面下降起到了一半的作用。 ?例4：Some parents simply cannot stand letting their baby cry until he or she learns to fall asleep on their own, or when the baby awakens in the middle of the night. Most expert advice suggests this is shortsighted.
有些家长根本无法忍受婴儿自己学会入睡之前的啼哭，或是半夜里婴儿醒来时的啼哭。大多数专家的意见表明这是一种短见。
?例5：Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon was a stern challenge. Consider these factors：a 1.5 million action movie that was to be a poignant, tragic romance. Fight choreographer, Yuen Wo-ping (of international acclaim for The Matrix), was bound to tangle with soft-spoken, but stubborn, Lee. A top-flight pan-Asian cast featuring Chow Yun Fat (Hong Kong), Michelle Yeoh (Malaysia), Zhang Ziyi (Beijing) and Chang Chen (Taiwan), with only 19-year-old ingénue, Zhang, speaking the classical mainland Mandarin that Lee demanded.
拍摄《卧虎藏龙》是一个严峻的挑战。想一想以下这些因素：这是一部耗资150万美元的武打大片，却定位于拍成一部深刻而带有悲伤色彩的浪漫剧。由于《黑客帝国》而享誉国际影视界的武术指导袁和平碰上了言辞温和但生性执拗的李安，两人注定要打得不可开交。一流的泛亚明星阵容由来自不同国家和地区的演员组成：香港的周润发、马来西亚的杨紫琼、北京的章子怡、台湾的张震。其中年轻的章子怡年仅19岁，只有她一个人能说一口标准的大陆普通话，而这正是李安需要的。 ?例6：Discipline means choices. Every time you say yes to a goal or objective, you say no to many more. Every prize has its price. The prize is the yes; the price is the no.
自律意味着有取有舍。每当你选取了一个目标，也就同时舍弃了其他许多目标。每项收获都要付出代价，所选取的就是收获，所舍弃的就是代价。
?例7：Where there is willingness and intelligence, there is a place within the company to try and to succeed. In Japan, a person’s capabilities are not forced into an inflexible specialty. And we feel the company owes a worker something for loyalty and commitment.
在日本，公司不会把一个人的能力限制在一个固定的专业上，只要有抱负和才智，就一定会在公司内部找到施展抱负和取得成功的地方。因为我们感到，公司应该对员工的忠诚和奉献做出回报。 ?例8：Human beings are capable of acting from purely unselfish motives: we can be genuinely sorry for others and try to share in their troubles in an effort to offer comfort. It is unlike that a chimpanzee acts from feelings quite like these; I doubt whether even members of one family, united as they are by strong mutual affection, are ever motivated by pure altruism in their dealing with one another.
在发出安慰行为时，人类的动机可以是毫不利己的：我们努力地安慰别人，是因为我们真心地为他们感到难过，希望与他们分忧。而黑猩猩的安慰行为不可能处于这种感受。我认为，即使是在感情联系十分强烈的家庭成员之间，纯粹利他的行为动机也是不存在的。
?例9：Many people in industry and the Services, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time; they are not prepared even to admit the possibility that noise affects people. On the other hand, those who dislike noise will sometimes use most inadequate evidence to support their pleas for a quieter society.
在工业部门和部队服役的许多人对噪音都有切身的体会，然而这些人认为对于噪音问题的研究
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纯属浪费时间，他们甚至不愿意承认噪音对人体有任何影响。另一方面，那些不喜欢噪音的人在要求安静的社会环境时，使用的证据却极不恰当。
1. Self-esteem is feeling worthy and able to meet life’s challenges. It is as essential as the air we breathe, and just as intangible. It comes from the depths of our core, yet it is reflected in every outward action we take, grand or small. It is the essence from which we measure our worth and the most important building block in the foundation of our intangible.
[提示] meet life’s challenges可译为―接受人生/生活的挑战‖；from the depths of our core可译为―来源于我们的心灵深处‖；in every outward action we take, grand or small更需要意译，可考虑译为―一举一动‖。
2. We do not seem to realize that very little excellence is achieved by living a well-balanced life. Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many things, including family and friendship. The accusation is made that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But guilt can exist in balanced life also. Consider how many ―normal‖ people find, at middle-age, that they have never done anything well – they are going to settle for less than what they could have become.
[提示] very little excellence is achieved by living a well-balanced life可译为―取得卓越的成就很少是通过四平八稳的生活实现的‖。settle for less than what they could have become必须加以引申进行意译，如译为―他们原本可以有所作为，但现在却只能就此罢休。‖
3. One of the generalities most often noted about Americans is that we are a restless, a dissatisfied, a searching people. We bridle and buck under failure, and we go mad with dissatisfaction in the face of success. We spend our time searching for security, and hate it when we get it. For the most part we are an intemperate people: we eat too much when we can, drink too much, indulge our senses too much. Even in our so-called virtues we are intemperate: a teetotaler is not content not to drink – he must stop all the drinking in the world; a vegetarian among us would outlaw the eating of meat. We work too hard, and many die under the strain; and then to make up for that we play with a violence as suicidal.
[提示] a restless, a dissatisfied, a searching people 可译为―生性好动、从不满足、乐于探索‖； go mad with dissatisfaction in the face of success 可译为―面对成功，我们却不满足，表现出烦躁不安‖； hate it when we get it 可译为―一旦获得却对此感到厌倦‖； indulge our senses too much 可译为―纵情声色‖。
4. A good companion is better than a fortune, for a fortune cannot purchase those elements of character which make companionship a blessing. The best companion is one who is wiser and better than ourselves, for we are inspired by his wisdom and virtue to nobler deeds. Greater wisdom and goodness than we possess lifts us higher mentally and morally.
[提示] for a fortune cannot purchase those elements of character which make companionship a blessing 这句话应根据上下文变通翻译，不应受原文外形的限制，可译为―因为财富买不到交友中使你受益的那些宝贵的东西‖。
5. We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examination. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.
[提示] 翻译第一句时应侧重于语篇考虑，基本意思是：别的学科都有惊人的进展，唯有考试方式没有什么改变。they more often do the exact opposite可译为―实际情况常常与之相反‖。
?例1：In Dubai, it is unusual to find a family that keeps animals, whereas back home we never thought twice before adopting a cat or dog. It’s not just that laws are strict here, but people in general appear to have little time and inclination towards pets-keeping. I cannot imagine how a child can grow without
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knowing the joy of having a dog to cuddle.
我的国家，人们总是毫不犹豫地收养无家可归的猫狗们。可是在迪拜，你却很难发现养宠物的家庭。原因不仅仅是相关法律较为严格，更重要的是，这里的人对养宠物既没有时间也没有兴趣。我很难想象在孩子的成长过程中，怎么能缺少和小狗一起嬉戏的乐趣。
?例2：Before long, plastic may transform its image from eco-villain to environment hero, thanks to ―smart‖ plastics now in development. These could allow vehicles to eliminate ozone-depending emissions and help windows store and make use of the sun’s heat. Perhaps by then, the name itself will morph from a pejorative jab into a genuine complement.
?目前，―智能‖塑料正在开发之中，这种材料不仅能消除汽车排放的破坏臭氧的废气，还可以让窗户储存和利用太阳的热量。不久的将来，塑料的形象将从生态魔鬼摇身一变为环保英雄。也许到那时，塑料一词的含义将从恶意的挖苦转成真正的赞美。
?例3：When Sharon Stone won the Golden Globe award for best actress for her role in Casino, she may have silenced the critics who derided her for her panty-less scene in Basic Instinct. The public validation that she’s received lately helps her get past shaky private moments, such as when she realized she was approaching 40 – a dangerous age for female Hollywood stars. Is she worried?
―If I have to diet, I’ll diet,‖ Stone says, ―If I have to work out, I’ll work out. If I have to sleep upside down like a bat so I don’t look like a basset hound, that’s what I’m going to do. Because I’m not leaving.‖ [译文] 由于在影片《赌场》中的出色表演，莎朗·斯通获得了金球奖最佳女演员的殊荣。过去几年以来，因为影片《本能》中一个没穿内裤的镜头，莎朗一直备受评论界的嘲笑。现在她终于可以让这些评论家无话可说了。最近她的表演也赢得了观众的认可，这些成绩无疑有助于她度过私底下一些忐忑不安的时刻。比如说，有时她会想到自己已年近40——对好莱坞的女演员来说，40岁显然是一个危险的年龄。她对此是否感到担心呢？
―需要我节食我就节食，‖斯通说，―需要我健身我就健身，如果我必须像蝙蝠一样倒挂着睡觉，才不至于变成皱巴巴的沙皮狗，我会毫不犹豫地这么去做，因为我不会离开影坛。‖ ?例4：1911年，在一个小县城里边，我生在一个小地主的家里。那县城差不多就是中国的最东北部——黑龙江省——所以一年之中，倒有四个月
[译文] In the year of 1911, I was born into a petty landlord family in a small county town in Heilongjiang – China’s northeast most province where there was snow for at least four months of the year.
?例5：面对复杂多变的国际形势，突如其来的非典型肺炎疫情和频繁发生的自然灾害，在中国共产党领导下，各级政府和全国人民一道，以邓小平理论和―三个代表‖重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的十六大精神，迎难而上，顽强拼搏，奋力开拓创新，在全面建设小康社会的道路上迈出重要步伐。
In the face of a complex and volatile international situation, the unexpected outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and frequent natural disasters, governments at all levels and the people of all our ethnic groups put into practice the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of the CPC and the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents. We braved difficulties and hardships in an indomitable and innovative spirit and made important advances in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
?例6：在一个春节前一天的下午，到重庆郊外去看一位朋友。她住在那个乡村的乡公所楼上。走上一段阴暗的仄仄的楼梯，进到一间有一张方桌和几张竹凳、墙上装着一架电话的屋子，再进去就是我的朋友的房间，和外间只隔一幅布帘。她不在家，窗前桌上留着一张条子，说是她临时有事出去，叫我等着她。
[译文] On the afternoon before Chinese New Year’s Day I went to visit a friend in the suburbs of Chongqing. She lived on the top floor of the village building. A flight of dark, narrow stairs led to a room
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