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赏析版2013年2月经济学人文章（英汉双语对照）汇集
Contents
[2013.02.02] Clear as mud 华为：犹抱琵琶半遮面 ...................................................................... 1 [2013.02.02] South Korean politics: Pardon me 李明博特赦政治亲信 ......................................... 2 [2013.2.2] Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon .......................................................................... 3 [2013.02.02]British monetary policy 英国货币政策 ...................................................................... 7 [2013.02.02] Patriotism recycled 另一种形式的爱国主义 ............................................................ 9 [2013.02.02] Business 商业：全球利基市场 ............................................................................... 12 [2012.02.02] Northern lights 北欧专题报道 - 北极光 ................................................................ 16 [2013.02.09]Rumblings from below 朝鲜人民内部暗流涌动 ..................................................... 21 [2013.02.09]German: Schavan-freude 德国教育部长因论文剽窃下台 ...................................... 29 [2013.02.09] Rumblings from below 朝鲜：山雨欲来风满楼 .................................................... 31 [2013.02.09] Nomencracy 名门望族的天下 ................................................................................. 38 [2013.02.09] Farewell to the cheerleader 永别了，纽约城的喝彩者 .......................................... 42 [2013.02.16]Time is money 瑞士制表业：时间就是金钱 .......................................................... 44 [2013.02.16]Phoney currency wars 货币战争？危言耸听！ ....................................................... 46 [2013.02.16] Running out of road 标致汽车：穷途末路 ............................................................. 48 [2013.02.16] After the horse has been bolted 挂牛头卖马肉 .................................................... 50 [2013.02.16] Who can save Italy? 谁能拯救意大利？ ................................................................. 52 [2013.02.16] 避税港——消失的20万亿美元 ............................................................................ 56 [2013.02.16] The price isn't right 公司税：差钱 .......................................................................... 60 [2013.02.16]How to make a killing如何大赚一笔 ....................................................................... 65 [2013.02.16] The rise of solo living 独居时代的崛起 .................................................................. 68 [2013.02.16] Trickle-up economics 滴升式经济 .......................................................................... 70 [2013.02.16]The incubation of genius 天才的孵化 ...................................................................... 71 [2013.02.16]Big reserves, big reservations能储量丰富保留意见颇多 ........................................ 73 [2013.02.22] New film: \新影片：《云图》 ............................................................ 76 [2013.02.23] Unreality television 电视不靠谱.............................................................................. 78 [2013.02.23] Canada’s Inuit 加拿大的因纽特人：北极熊政治学 .............................................. 81 [2013.02.23] The horse-meat scandal 马肉丑闻 ........................................................................... 83 [2013.02.23] 叙利亚——一个国家的覆亡 .................................................................................. 84 [2013.02.23] mapping the brain 绘制大脑图谱，连接是关键 .................................................... 88 [2013.02.23] Japan’s prisons: Eastern porridge日本监狱东方式关押 ......................................... 92 [2013.02.23] The alchemist 妙手点石成金 ................................................................................... 94 [2013.02.23]A guide in Africa投资非洲的领路人 ........................................................................ 96 [2013.02.23]Unreality television电视非同现实............................................................................ 99 Six Good Books 六本好书－2013年3/4月版 .......................................................................... 102
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[2013.02.02] Clear as mud 华为：犹抱琵琶半遮面
【导读】华为还须进一步提高企业透明度
Huawei 华为
Clear as mud 犹抱琵琶半遮面
The Chinese company sells ever more smartphones and opens up, a little 华为进一步扩大智能手机销量并略微提高企业透明度
Feb 2nd 2013 | SHANGHAI |From the print edition
A REPORT that Huawei sold more smartphones in the last quarter of 2012 than either Nokia, HTC or RIM (the company that has just renamed itself BlackBerry) raised eyebrows last week. But less widely reported news about the Chinese company, best known for its telecoms-networking gear, may prove more important.
上周有报道称，2012年第四季度诺基亚、HTC、RIM 三家公司的智能手机销量都落在了华为后面（其中 RIM 刚刚更名为黑莓公司）。此言一出，各方大跌眼镜。华为这家中国公司以其通信设备最为知名。与智能手机销量相比，华为或许还有一些更为重要的消息并未得到媒体的广泛报道。
―We will honour our commitment to transparency and openness,‖ declared Cathy Meng, the firm‘s chief financial officer, at a press conference. Huawei is privately held, so has no obligation to disclose its finances. But its efforts to expand have led to grumbles in Europe about subsidies and a backlash in America against its opacity. A congressional committee claimed last October, on flimsy evidence, that its lack of transparency and ties to the Chinese army make it a security threat to America.
华为首席财务官孟晚舟在一次新闻发布会上宣称：―华为会坚持开放透明的承诺‖。华为是私人控股公司，没有披露财务状况的义务。但该公司在努力扩大规模——这让欧洲方面有所怨言，称其存在不正常补贴；而美国也指责华为―不透明‖。去年十月，美国国会委员会凭借一些站不住脚的证据，称华为透明度低而且与中国军方有联系，因此已经对美国的国家安全构成了威胁。
On the contrary, says John Suffolk, Huawei‘s cyber-security tsar who used to be chief information officer for Britain‘s government: his firm is itself the target of ―tens of thousands of cyber attacks a week‖. And Eric Anderson, of America‘s National Intelligence University, concludes in a new book, ―Sinophobia: The Huawei Story‖, that the firm is a victim of China-bashing.
另一方面，华为网络安全官、曾任英国政府首席信息官的约翰?萨福克称，恰恰是该公司自身―每周会遭到成千上万次网络攻击‖。而美国国家情报大学的艾瑞克?安德森在新书《惧华：华为的故事》里写道，这家公司是外界抨击中国的受害者。
Ms Meng‘s promise of openness is important because she is not just the company‘s chief financial officer. Her father is Ren Zhengfei, its secretive founder. She said revenues rose to 220 billion yuan ($35 billion) in 2012, an 8% rise, while profits surged by a third. Fine, but did not Huawei say in early 2012 that it expected revenues to rise by 15-20%? No clear answers are offered. It seems the firm‘s push into the market for company networks has got bogged down.
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孟晚舟做出了提高公开性的承诺，这很重要——因为她不仅是华为的首席财务官，也是低调内敛的公司创始人任正非的女儿。孟晚舟称，华为的营收在2012年增长到了2200亿元人民币（约合350亿美元），比上年提高了8个百分点；而公司利润激增了三分之一。这个业绩不错，但华为在2012年早些时候不是宣称公司营收预期会有15到20个百分点的增长吗？对此，孟晚舟并未做出明确回应。华为试图挺进公司网络市场，但这方面的努力似乎没有获得多少进展。
Ms Meng also gave a few details about the company‘s odd ownership structure. Mr Ren holds a mere 1.4% stake, she claimed, and most of the rest is held by the firm‘s employees. But will employees be allowed to trade those shares freely? The firm is ostensibly run by several co-chief executives, but can they overrule Mr Ren? How exactly was the firm‘s original board of directors chosen?
孟晚舟也针对华为古怪的所有权结构披露了一些具体情况。她声称任正非所持股份只有1.4%，而其他大部分股份都由公司众员工所持有。但公司允许员工自由转让这些股份吗？华为表面上是几名联合高管在运作，但他们能够越过任正非行事吗？公司最初究竟是如何选拔董事会成员的？
Ms Meng says only that ―in the future, we will also disclose other details, such as our board members‘ shareholdings.‖ Huawei is right to open up, but such partial disclosures reveal how much further the firm has to go. 孟晚舟仅仅表示：―本公司日后还将披露更多详情，比如董事会成员的股权等等。‖华为提高透明度的做法并没有错，但这种犹抱琵琶半遮面的姿态证明该公司在这方面还有比较长的一段路要走。
http://bbs.ecocn.org/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=179921&fromuid=272265 译者：剑刃
[2013.02.02] South Korean politics: Pardon me 李明博特赦政治亲信
South Korean politics 韩国政治
Pardon me 李明博特赦政治亲信
A departing president proves extravagantly forgiving 即将卸任总统过于宽恕
Feb 2nd 2013 | SEOUL |From the print edition
A MONTH before leaving office, South Korea‘s president, Lee Myung-bak, has sparked a political row by pardoning several political allies who had been convicted of bribery and corruption. The move has caused a rift between Mr Lee and the president-elect, Park Geun-hye, and has caused widespread public anger. In the past South Koreans tolerated a certain level of corruption, but slower growth and a perception of rising inequality have changed attitudes towards the culture of political impunity.
韩国总统李明博在卸任前一个月引发了一场政治争论。原因是他特赦了几位贪污行贿的政治亲信。这一举动使他和新当选总统朴槿惠之间的关系产生了裂痕并激起了广泛的民愤。过去韩国人尚且能容忍一定程度内的贪污，但是如今经济增长缓慢，贫富差异感日益增强，人们对政治赦免的看法也由此改变了。
Among those pardoned by Mr Lee is Choi See-joong, a former cabinet member and political mentor of the
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president. Mr Choi was convicted last year of receiving bribes from a property developer and has served less than half his two-and-a-half year prison sentence.
被特赦的人员中包括前内阁成员、总统的政治导师崔时仲。他于去年被证实收受一名房地产开发商的贿赂而获刑2年半。现在已经服刑不到一半的时间。
Chun Shin-il, a businessman and long-time friend of the president, also had his bribery conviction quashed. The former national assembly speaker, Park Hee-tae, was let off, too, despite his involvement in vote-buying. 总统的长期盟友——商人千信一的贿赂罪也被免除了。曾参与贿选的前国会发言人朴熺太同样被赦免了罪行。
In total, Mr Lee pardoned 55 people, though not all of them were scandal-hit politicians. And there were no heads of South Korea‘s big conglomerates, the chaebol, as in previous years, nor any pardon for the president‘s elder brother, Lee Sang-deuk, who received two years‘ imprisonment last week for corruption. But that would anyway have been impossible: ―Hyungnim‖ (―Big Brother‖) Lee, as he is known to his critics, is appealing against his sentence, and pardons can apply only to completed cases.
李明博总共特赦了55人，但并不是所有人都是丑闻缠身的政客。其中既没有像前些年大赦中出现的韩国大型企业集团（韩国财阀）领袖，也不包括上周因为贪污获刑两年监禁的总统的兄长李相得。然而特赦李相得（批评家们称他为―李大哥‖）无论如何都是不可能的：他正就自己的罪行进行上诉，而赦免只适用于已结案件。
Ms Park, whose inauguration takes place on February 25th, won December‘s election after promising cleaner politics. She says the pardons amount to ―abuse of presidential power‖. But just this week allegations of dodgy property deals forced her own prime-ministerial nominee to resign.
朴槿惠对选民承诺廉明政治而赢得了去年12月的大选，她将于2月25日宣誓就职。她说特赦等同于―滥用总统权力‖。但是本周她自己的国务总理候选人因被指控参与房地产投机交易而被迫辞职。
Mr Lee‘s staff insist it is the legal privilege of the head of state to issue pardons. But it is a disappointing end for a president who once claimed to lead a ―morally perfect‖ administration.
李明博的部下坚持认为发布特赦令是总统的合法权利。但是对于一个曾经宣称要领导一届―道德完美‖的政府的总统来说，这无疑是一个让人失望的结局。
http://bbs.ecocn.org/thread-180044-1-1.html 译者：Yippee
[2013.02.02] Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon
Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon 德怀特?艾森豪威尔和理查德?尼克松
The odd couple 欢喜冤家
They were more alike than is often thought 他们的相似之处比人们通常想的要多
Feb 2nd 2013 |From the print edition
Ike and Dick: Portrait of a Strange Political Marriage. By Jeffrey Frank. Simon & Schuster; 434 pages; $30. Buy
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from Amazon.com 书名：《艾森豪威尔和尼克松：一场奇特的政治联合(Ike and Dick: Portrait of a Strange Political Marriage)》 作者：Jeffrey Frank
出版社: 西蒙.舒斯特出版社（Simon & Schuster） 页数：434页 价格：30美元 亚马逊有售
BETWEEN 1933 and 1977 only two Republican presidents were elected, Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon. They are often seen as opposites: the hero and the crook. Eisenhower (or Ike) was the genial, selfless five-star general who seemed tofloat above the fray of party politics. Nixon was the cold, conniving liar, paranoid and petty. Jeffrey Frank, a former senior editor at the New Yorker, has written a book about the unlikely duo, which offers a more nuanced portrait of their personalities. Though they disagreed about politics and struggled to get on, Ike and Dick were more alike than is often thought.
1933至1977年间，只有两名共和党人士当选总统，他们就是德怀特?艾森豪威尔和理查德?尼克松。人们通常认为他俩的为人截然相反——一个是英雄，一个是坏蛋。在人们眼中，艾森豪威尔（Ike）是一名和蔼可亲、无私奉献的五星上将，似乎总是置身于党派间斗争之外；尼克松则是一个冷酷无情、精于暗算、生性多疑、心胸狭窄的骗子。曾在《纽约客》任资深编辑的Jeffrey Frank写了一本书，内容就是关于这两位并不像搭档的双人组合，该书更加细致地描述了他们的性格。虽然他俩在政治上各执己见、关系也处的不是太好，但艾森豪威尔和尼克松的相似之处比人们通常认为的要多。
Eisenhower picked Nixon as his vice-presidential nominee in 1952 because he had qualities Ike lacked. The old warhorse from Kansas needed someone young and nakedly political. An anti-communist would satisfy the party and a Californian would help to win over the Golden State. Nixon it was. It did not matter so much that the pair squabbled. They won 39 out of 48 states and 55% of the popular vote.
1952年，艾森豪威尔指定尼克松为他的副总统候选人，因为后者有他自己所不具备的特质。艾森豪威尔——这名来自堪萨斯的老兵需要一个纯政界出身的年轻人。这个人最好是反共的，因为这样可以满足其党派之需；最好还是个加州人，这样就可以帮助他赢得加州人民的支持——尼克松就是不二之选。这两人是否相处得融洽并不重要，重要的是他俩获得了48个州中39个州的支持，并囊括了55%的选票。
They often failed to see eye-to-eye. Nixon was a hawkish adviser who blamed Democrats for losing China to
communism. Eisenhower strove to avoid war at any cost. He ended the Korean war and refused to send soldiers to Vietnam, Hungary and Suez. The two had different views about the space race as well. When Russia launched the satellite Sputnik into space in 1957, Nixon saw it as a failure of Western civilisation. Eisenhower said, ―Any of you fellows want to go to the moon? I don‘t. I‘m happier right here.‖
他们往往做不到―心有灵犀‖。作为一名鹰派顾问，尼克松指责民主党把中国丢到了共产党手中。艾森豪威尔尽最大努力不惜一切代价阻止战争的发生。他结束了朝鲜战争、拒绝派士兵到越南、匈牙利和苏伊士。两人就太空竞赛的意见也不相同。当苏联于1957年把Sputnik卫星发射升空时，尼克松视之为西方文明的失败。而艾森豪威尔则说：―你们有谁想奔月吗？我可不想，我在这儿就挺高兴的‖。
This was a source of tension between them. Nixon would grumble about foreign policy and defence. He could be bitter. ―This ?togetherness‘ bullshit,‖ he said of Eisenhower‘s doveish multilateralist defence policy, ―I don‘t believe in that. I think the time will come when we‘ll look back at this era and ask ourselves whether we were crazy or something.‖ Ike could be standoffish in return.
那是他俩不和的一个原因。尼克松常常抱怨美国的外交政策及防御策略，他的言论有时会很尖刻——对于艾森豪威
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