非谓语动词之现在分词与过去分词区别

2018-12-08 19:28

非谓语动词之“现在分词”的用法

现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成,具有动词的特点,在句中可作宾语补足语,定语,状语。 一、作宾语补足语。(有“主动”的意思)感官动词后可用现在分词作宾语补足语。感官动词有:一 感。(feel)二 听。(hear,listen to)四 看。(see,watch,notice,find)

如:I heard the girl singing an English song when I came into the room.

例题:1.-Do you often find Tom (play)on the playground after school ? -Yes,and I found him (play)on the playground just now . 2. – Do you often see Mary (draw)picture in her room ? - Yes,and she was seen (draw)a horse just now. 区别:现在分词作宾补表示宾语动作的瞬间,省to不定式作宾补表示宾语动作的过程。

补充:keep sb doing sth 使某人干某事,stop sb doing sth 阻止某人干某事 二、作定语。(有“主动”的意思)

1、There is a girl singing an English song in the room. 有个女孩在房间里唱英文歌。

2、The man wearing a black coat may be Lucy’s father . 穿着黑色外套的那个男子可能是Lucy 的爸爸。

例题:1、This is the best way (solve)the problem. 2、I know the woman (wait)at the bus stop.

区别:现在分词作定语有被修饰的人“正在做某事”的意思,但动词不定式

没有。

三、作状语。(有“主动”的意思)

1、The students came into the classroom ,singing and talking.(表伴随)学生

们说唱着走进来。

2、Hearing the words , his face turns red. (表时间)听到这些话,他的脸变

红了。

3、Being a Party member,she always does her best to do everything.(表原因)

作为党员,她总是尽力做一切事情。 例题:Many people hate advertisements, (say) that they make the cities

and countries ugly.

非谓语动词之“过去分词”的用法

过去分词具有动词的特点,在句中可作宾语补足语,定语等。 一、 作宾语补足语(有被动意思)

1、 Students shouldn’t get their ears pierced. 学生们不应该打耳洞。(使耳朵被

穿刺)

2、 I will have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我将理发。(使头发被理)(cut是过去分词) 3、Have you made the trees watered ?你已让某人浇树了吗?(使树被浇了吗) 区别: have 和make用法:使某人干某事 have/make sb do sth 使某事被干 have/make sth done get用法:使某人干某事 get sb to do sth 使某事被干 get sth done 例题:1、-Have you had the flowers yet?

-Yes,I had someone them yesterday . A. water,water B watered,watered

C water,watered D watered,water

2、-In America, can you understand the native speakers? -yes, but I can’t myself .. A understand B understood C to understand D understanding 二、作定语。(有被动意思或完成了的意思).单个过去分词要放在被修饰词的前面,过去分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面。 1、I can’t understand spoken English.

2、I like reading the books written by luxun .

3、China is a developing country and America is a developed country . (发展中国家) (发达国家)(有完成了的意

思 )

区别:过去分词具有被动的意思 ,而现在分词具有主动的意思 。

例题: The student on the chair was reading a book by

Hemingwei .

A sitting,writing B sit,written C sitting, written D is sitting, is written


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